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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of 39 patients with resected stomach the endoscopic and radiological findings as well as the anamnestic and paraclinical data were analysed retrospectively and compared. In contrast to the patients with recidivation ulcer and stump gastritis the patients with a gastric stump carcinoma had an essentially higher average age and, in general, a considerably longer postoperative interval. The endoscopy, including biopsy, achieved a considerably greater diagnostic security in the various groups of disease than the X-ray examination. Symptoms, such as decrease of weight, gastric pains and vomiting, were most frequently found in patients with carcinoma.
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PMID:[Gastrectomy patients--a retrospective study]. 69 87

1. The syndrome of reflux gastritis is produced by the actions of bile and upper intestinal and pancreatic secretions alone or in combination on an altered gastric mucosa. 2. The triad of epigastric pain unrelieved by antacids, bilious vomiting, and weight loss, particularly after a gastric operation should make one suspect this syndrome. Anemia due to loss of blood and dysphagia occur less frequently. 3. The definitive diagnosis is made by endoscopy. Barium studies are of less value. Acid secretory studies are not diagnostic and are of academic interest. 4. Medical treatment utilizes antacids and cholestyramine alone or together. Good, long-lasting results with these are infrequent. Despite these results, medical treatment should be tried first. 5. Surgical treatment consists of diversion of the biliary and upper intestinal secretions from the stomach and doing a vagotomy with or without a distal gastric resection to prevent a marginal ulcer from developing. 6. The two most popular operations are a Roux-en-Y diversion or interposed peristaltic jejunal limb. The simplicity of the former has made this more popular with most American surgeons. 7. The results of surgery are good to excellent in 75 to 95 per cent of cases. Relief of symptoms, improvement in histologic and secretory studies, and weight gain should be anticipated. 8. Less than optimal results are reported when the surgical diversion has not been total, gastric stasis persists, or other postgastrectomy sequelae accompany reflux gastritis.
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PMID:Postoperative alkaline reflux gastritis. 79 63

Postoperative alkaline reflux gastritis is a distinct clinical entity occuring after operations enlarging, bypassing or resecting the pylorus. Reflux of alkaline duodenal content into the stomach is the causative factor. Primarily bile acids have an aggressive effect and lead to a destruction of the gastric mucosal barrier. Epigastric pain, fullness after meals and bile vomiting are the main symptoms. Gastroscopy with biopsy reveals a severe chronic atrophic gastritis and bile reflux. In most cases an achlorhydria that can be histamin-resistant is present. For adequate treatment surgical procedures diverting the bile flow from the stomach should be performed.
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PMID:[Postoperative alkaline reflux gastritis (author's transl)]. 83 29

Eighty-four patients who had undergone different types of operation for duodenal ulcer have been studied by endoscopy and gastric biopsy. Half suffered from dyspepsia and vomiting but the other half had no symptoms and acted as controls. Endoscopic and histological abnormalities were found in both groups of patients. However, certain findings occurred more commonly in those with symptoms; severe and extensive hyperaemia, bile staining of the gastric mucus, and bile reflux seen on endoscopy were all significantly more common in those with symptoms than in those without. Active gastritis in the proximal stomach was also more common in those with symptoms. Gastritis of the stoma and antrum was found in 89% of all patients; as it was unconnected with symptoms it can be regarded as a "normal" finding. The incidences of contact bleeding, erosions, and oedema were not significantly different in the two groups.
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PMID:Symptomatic significance of gastric mucosal changes after surgery for peptic ulcer. 86 89

One hundred and forty-two pediatric patients between age 1 month and 20 years had 163 endoscopic procedures. Of 66 with chronic abdominal pain, 21 had a source identified endoscopically that was seen in only 15 by esophagogram and upper gastrointestinal series. Of 31 with nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, and/or odynophagia and retrosternal pain, endoscopy demonstrated the source in 19 patients and radiographic studies in 14. Of 34 with hematemesis and/or melena, 26 had a bleeding site identified endoscopically but only 4 of 28 had an identified source by radiographic studies. Duodenal and gastric ulcers and hemorrhagic gastritis were the commonest cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and organically of chronic adbominal pain. Functional abdominal pain was the commonest cause of chronic abdominal pain in those endoscoped. Foreign bodies were removed from the esophagus and stomach of 6 patients and dislodged in 2 others. Caustic ingestion was recognized in the esophagus and stomach of 2 patients who did not have mouth burns. The GIF-P2-prototype with four-way tip control and ability to retroflex 180 degree up, 60 degree down, and 100 degree right and left was superior to GIF-P1 and CF-P-prototype for visualization of the entire esophagus, stomach, duodenal bulb, and postbulbar area in patients less than 10 years old. Visualization of the duodenal bulb was possible in 28 of 29 pediatric patients, and of the postbulbar area in 25 of 26 in whom it was attempted. Infants who weighed as little as 3 to 5 kg were successfully examined. Retroflexion was possible in 29 of 30 to see the fundus and cardioesophageal junction. Patients older than 10 years were better examined with the GIF-D because of its increased ability to transmit light. Sedation for the school-age child with 0.5 to 1.0 mg per kg of diazepam and 1 to 2 mg per kg of meperidine given intravenously provides excellent sedation in most instances. General anesthesia is preferable for the preschooler and infant. Minor complications occurred in 2 patients who received less than adequate sedation and in 1 patient with general anesthesia.
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PMID:Upper gastrointestinal fiberoptic endoscopy in pediatric patients. 87 Mar 72

Three adult spayed female hunting dogs had an unusual form of chronic active gastritis. The disease lasted for months to several years. Vomiting was the most consistent clinical sign. One dog had leukocytosis with 30 percent eosinophils. The stomach of each dog was enlarged and greatly thickened. Collagen deposits, granulation tissue and eosinophils replaced most of the gastric wall. Disease of the gastric arteries ranged from fibrinoid necrosis to panarteritis. Granulation tissue obstructed the omental arteries of one dog. There also was splenic reticuloendothelial hyperplasia with fibrosis, hemorrhage and congestion, and chronic eosinophilic lymphadenitis. Although the cause of this disease was not determined, its basis probably was immunologic.
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PMID:Scirrhous eosinophilic gastritis in dogs with gastric arteritis. 91 34

Partial gastrectomy, truncal vagotomy, pyloroplasty, and gastrojejunostomy, singly and in combination, produce clinical disturbances in gastric reservoir function, gastric emptying, gastric mucosal integrity, small intestinal motility, and small intestinal fluids shifts. Ordinarily, these disturbances are of minor clinical importance and respond readily to conservative management. However, postoperative gastric surgical symptoms are, at times, annoying or disabling to the patient. Some of these clinical states are amenable to surgical treatment, and in others, operative intervention is definitely contraindicated. Therefore, it is important to recognize those syndromes which are amenable to an operative procedure. Alkaline gastritis, a syndrome of postcibal pain and diffuse endoscopic gastritis with or without vomiting of bile, is best treated by vagotomy and Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy. The afferent loop syndrome of relief of pain by vomiting and the demonstration of a dilated or tortuous afferent loop is likewise best treated by vagotomy and Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy or enteroenterostomy. Efferent loop obstruction causing vomiting and gastric distention requires a revision of the gastrojejunostomy. The dumping syndrome is best treated conservatively for at least a year. If this approach fails, loop reversal at the stoma or conversion of a Billroth II to a Billroth I anastomosis is effective. For postvagotomy diarrhea, loop reversal in the distal jejunum gives relief, and for the postvagotomy atonic stomach, a subtotal gastrectomy should be performed after failure of conservative management, although there is not enough experience with this condition to make accurate prognoses. Beware of the patient who does not fit any of these syndromes. A poor result is likely to follow attempts at surgical correction.
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PMID:Disability after gastric surgery. 93 14

Chronic hypertrophic gastritis in a 7-year-old Boxer dog is described. This gastritis resembles Menetrier's disease in man. The dog was emaciated, lethargic, vomiting and had a poor appetite over a 4-month period. There was anaemia, and the blood smear was characterized by hypochromasia, strong anisoplania and striking poikilocytosis. There was a protein loss and at a later stage of the disease, a hypoalbuminaemia. On gastroscopic examination the plicae gastricae were numerous and strongly marked; moreover, they were granulated with numerous small haemorrhages. Radiographically, the stomach had a marked folding, primarily at the greater curvature. The passage of contrast medium from the stomach into the duodenum was strongly retarded. The pathological findings included macroscopical folding caused by local gland cell hyperplasia in the body as well as the pylorus, foveolar hyperplasia and, in the fundus and in the corpus near the greater curvature, folding of the muscularis mucosae and the submucosa. A superficial gastritis was found particularly in the fundus and corpus, whereas the pyloric antrum showed a more diffuse inflammation.
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PMID:A boxer dog with chronic hypertrophic gastritis resembling Menetrier's disease in man. 93 24

Any surgical procedure that ablates the pyloric sphincter mechanism permits increased reflux of duodenal fluid into the stomach or gastric remnant. Although it is reported as most common with Billroth II gastrectomy, our experience indicates that reflux is nearly as frequent after Billroth I gastroduodenostomy and is not at all infrequent after pyloroplasty. The precise constituents of duodenal fluid which damage the gastric mucosa remain controversial. The best present evidence is that the bile acids are probably essential, but that one or more other constituents of duodenal content are also necessary. The clinical history differs significantly from chronic afferent loop syndrome in that the quality of pain is different, pain tends to be more continuous and less closely related to food-taking, and bile vomiting does not provide dramatic relief, often containing food due to coexistent interference with gastric emptying. Diagnosis is confirmed by gross endoscopic findings and characteristic histopathologic changes in the endoscopic biopsies. Treatment with an interposed isoperistaltic jejunal segment has been disappointing. Only four of ten patients experienced lasting relief, indicating that the relatively short 10 to 12 cm. of jejunum does not adequately prevent duodenogastric reflux. We have, therefore, shifted to the Roux-en-Y duodenal diversion implanting the afferent limb 40 cm. caudad to the gastrojejunostomy. Results have been excellent in 24 of 25 cases with prompt improvement in gastric emptying, absence of bile vomiting, progressive regression in abdominal distress and progressive improvement in nutrition. Endoscopic evaluation at three to four months has indicated marked gross improvement and striking histologic improvement in 23 of 25 cases. The question is raised whether the Roux-en-Y reconstruction should not be used primarily, particularly if both vagotomy and antrectomy are to be performed for peptic ulcer. Both the afferent loop syndrome and alkaline reflux gastritis would be prevented, and it is doubted that the incidence of marginal ulcer would increase appreciably.
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PMID:Alkaline reflux gastritis. 95 83

A female with premary hyperparathyroidism and secondary renal lesions, as well as lesions of the stomach and pancreas is described. The initial illness was manifested by repeated renal crises. Later, gastroenterological complaints appeared--epigastralgia, vomiting, frequent hematemesis with melena. That was the cause for a gastric resection, diffuse erosive gastritis being found. After the operation, the pains and the vomiting of hematin matter repeatedly recidivated. Clinically and at the laboratory, data were formed for a chronic recidivating pancreatitis with the presence of primary hyperparathyroidism. The postoperative treatment of the parathyroid adenoma led to an improvement of the gastroenterological complaints.
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PMID:[Chronic recurrent pancreatitis with erosive gastritis in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism]. 101 31


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