Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neutropenic enterocolitis or typhlitis (from the Greek typhlon, meaning caecum) is defined as a necrotizing colitis with inflammation of the cecum and surrounding tissues. Although this condition occurs primarily in severely myelosuppressed and immunosuppressed patients with leukemia, it may also occur in those with other advanced malignancies receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy. It has been described most recently in patients with solid tumors who receive taxane-based therapy. A 60-year old woman with medullary breast cancer stage IIIB underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy with TAC (doxetaxele 100 mg/m2, doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2). Sixth day after TAC chemotherapy, she had abdominal pain and vomiting. Abdomen CT scan showed diffuse circumferential thickening of ileum wall typical for ileitis, narrowing of the lumen, disturbance of peristaltic. This abdomen CT scan was thought as abnormality pictures of neutropenic enterocolitis. Neutropenic enterocolitis should be considered in patients with abdominal symptoms especially during the granulocyte nadir following chemotherapy. Increased awareness of this rapidly progressive and potentially fatal disease leads to accurate diagnosis and the prompt treatment that can decrease morbidity and mortality.
 ...
PMID:Neutropenic enterocolitis in breast cancer patient after taxane-containing chemotherapy. 1832 97

This study was performed to investigate the significance of gastric juice analysis (GJA) as a diagnostic criterion of a positive challenge in a standard oral cow's milk challenge (OCC) to confirm typical cow's milk protein-induced enterocolitis (CMPIE). Data from 16 CMPIE patients (aged 14 to 44 days) were analyzed. A standard OCC was openly executed using 0.15 g/kg of protein. Three symptoms (vomiting, lethargy, and bloody or pus-like stool), and four laboratory findings (GJA [3 hr], changes in peripheral blood absolute neutrophil count [ANC] [6 hr], C-reactive protein [6 hr], and stool smear test for occult blood or leukocytes) were observed after OCC. Before OCC, baseline studies were conducted; a stool smear test, blood sampling, and GJA. Positive OCC results were; vomiting (87.5%) (observed 1-3 hr after OCC), lethargy (62.5%) (1-3 hr), bloody or pus-like stool (43.8%) (6-10 hr), abnormal GJA (93.8%), an ANC rise >3,500 cells/microL (93.8%), and an abnormal stool smear test (75.0%). A single GJA test after a standard OCC is a sensitive diagnostic criterion of a positive challenge, and may provide an early confirmatory diagnosis of CMPIE. An investigation of positive OCC outcomes helps to find out a diagnostic algorithm of criteria of a positive challenge in CMPIE.
 ...
PMID:The significance of gastric juice analysis for a positive challenge by a standard oral challenge test in typical cow's milk protein-induced enterocolitis. 1843 8

Salmonella infection can cause an asymptomatic intestinal carrier state or clinical diseases such as enterocolitis presenting abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, or diarrhea. Salmonella usually invades Peyer's patch of terminal ileum or ascending colon. Sepsis is not common and acute renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis is rare. The causes of rhabdomyolysis are trauma, excessive exercise, alcohol, seizure, metabolic abnormality, and infection. Infections account for less than 5% of the reported causes of rhabdomyolysis and resulting acute renal failure. The mechanisms underlying rhabdomyolysis due to infection are direct muscle invasion, toxin production, and nonspecific effects that can occur with infections such as fever, dehydration, acidosis, and electrolyte imbalance. We report a case of sepsis and acute renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis associated with Salmonella infection.
 ...
PMID:[A case of sepsis and acute renal failure associated with salmonella enterocolitis]. 1907 3

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy characterized by severe vomiting, diarrhea, and often failure to thrive in infants. Symptoms typically resolve after the triggering food-derived protein is removed from the diet and recur within few hours after the re-exposure to the causal protein. The diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and a positive food challenge. In this study, we report a case of FPIES to rice in an 8-month-old boy. We performed a double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) to rice and we measured the intracellular T cell expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4); IL-10, and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) pre-and post-challenge during an acute FPIES reaction and when tolerance to rice had been achieved. For the first time we describe an increase in T cell IL-4 and decrease in IFN-gamma expression after a positive challenge with rice (i.e. rice triggered a FPIES attack) and an increase in T cell IL-10 expression after rice challenge 6 months later after a negative challenge (i.e., the child had acquired tolerance to rice) in an 8 month old with documented FPIES to rice. A Th2 activation associated with high IL-4 levels may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease. On the other hand, T cell-derived IL-10 may play a role in the acquisition of immunotolerance by regulating the Th1 and Th2 responses.
 ...
PMID:Cytokine expression in CD3+ cells in an infant with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES): case report. 2001 55

Meckel's diverticulum is the most prevalent abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract seen in approximately 2% of the population. Diagnosing complicated diverticulum is difficult, for its capacity to mime multiple disorders such as appendicitis, ulcer disease, enterocolitis, Chron disease, sigmoid diverticulitis, cholecystitis, and it should be considered in all patients with unexplained chronic abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, unexpected cause of intestinal obstruction or acute abdomen. Herewith we provide an illustrative presentation, emphasizing the difficulties in preoperative diagnosis of complicated Meckel's diverticulum and underlining the nonspecific nature of the subjective and objective findings. Both cases were admitted to our clinic with acute abdomen diagnoses--first case as a intestinal obstruction and in second case was acute appendicitis. Laparatomy ascertain that the cause of symptoms was the complicated Meckel's diverticulum.
 ...
PMID:[Complicated Meckel's diverticulum in adult pathology]. 2018 76

A joint study group on cow's milk allergy was convened by the Emilia-Romagna Working Group for Paediatric Allergy and by the Emilia-Romagna Working Group for Paediatric Gastroenterology to focus best practice for diagnosis, management and follow-up of cow's milk allergy in children and to offer a common approach for allergologists, gastroenterologists, general paediatricians and primary care physicians.The report prepared by the study group was discussed by members of Working Groups who met three times in Italy. This guide is the result of a consensus reached in the following areas. Cow's milk allergy should be suspected in children who have immediate symptoms such as acute urticaria/angioedema, wheezing, rhinitis, dry cough, vomiting, laryngeal edema, acute asthma with severe respiratory distress, anaphylaxis. Late reactions due to cow's milk allergy are atopic dermatitis, chronic diarrhoea, blood in the stools, iron deficiency anaemia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, constipation, chronic vomiting, colic, poor growth (food refusal), enterocolitis syndrome, protein-losing enteropathy with hypoalbuminemia, eosinophilic oesophagogastroenteropathy. An overview of acceptable means for diagnosis is included. According to symptoms and infant diet, three different algorithms for diagnosis and follow-up have been suggested.
 ...
PMID:Cow's milk protein allergy in children: a practical guide. 2020 81

We report a case of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) with milk whose signs of milk intolerance began in the 1st days of life, consisting in minor and nonspecific symptoms. The 3 foods in question were cow's milk, soja, and wheat. The diagnosis of FPIES was suspected at the age of 9 months, after 3 hospitalizations for vomiting, sometimes associated with lethargy and hypotension, which occurred around 2h after cow's milk ingestion. Symptoms were not associated with positive specific IgE and cutaneous tests. Signs then occurred with soja and wheat. Because of the late diagnosis, 3 anaphylactic shock episodes occurred. FPIES is an uncommon cell-mediated food allergy reaction. This syndrome is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, especially severe vomiting, sometimes associated with anaphylactic shock. Usually signs occur 2h after ingestion. These reactions begin early, in the 1st months of life, and regress by the age of 3 years in 38-100% of cases depending on the responsible food. They are usually induced by cow's milk and soy proteins. Diagnosis is difficult and delayed because of nonspecific symptoms. Oral food challenge is the only examination that confirms the diagnosis. Treatment involves the exclusion of the specific food involved. Severe reactions require treatment of shock and adjunction of corticosteroids.
 ...
PMID:[A new case of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome]. 2034 36

Patients receiving splenectomy are at risk of a fatal fulminant infection called overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI). Here we report a rare case of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) evoked by group B streptococcus (GBS) in an asplenic young woman, which we considered a case of OPSI. A 34-year old woman consulted our hospital complaining of vomiting, diarrhea and fever that developed early in the morning. As the physical examination and routine laboratory tests did not disclose any serious abnormalities, she returned home after symptomatic treatment under a provisional diagnosis of acute enterocolitis. However, the next morning, she was transferred to the hospital complicated by acute renal failure, severe liver damage, respiratory insufficiency, disseminated intravascular coagulation and hypotension. She was admitted to ICU and treated with intravenous antibiotics, frequent transfusions of platelet concentrates, hemodialysis, and non-invasive positive pressure ventilation. Blood cultures grew gram-positive cocci, which later proved to be Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS). We diagnosed the patient with TSS due to GBS. Organ damage and symptoms improved gradually with intensive treatment, she was discharged from the hospital 26 days after admission. Although cases of TSS due to GBS are very rare, we must be aware of the potential risk of OPSI in a splenectomized patient.
 ...
PMID:[An overwhelming post-splenectomy infection with toxic shock syndrome by group B Streptococcus]. 2046 21

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) was introduced as a new immune-suppression drug in the mid-1990s. It is widely utilized in solid-organ transplantation immune-suppression regimens. Side effects include gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity in the form of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Physicians tend to reduce the dose of MMF or switch their patients to an enterio-coated formula to overcome the side effects. Because GI side effects are well linked to MMF, colonoscopy is not utilized in most of the cases to investigate the diarrhea. However, Crohn's disease-like changes in the colon, erosive enterocolitis, and graft versus host disease-like colonic changes associated with the use of MMF have been reported. Colonic findings in five patients whose symptoms resolved after substituting another agent for MMF are described in the present report. Repeat colonoscopy 4 months following discontinuation of MMF showed reparative changes in one of our patients. MMF is an important drug in organ transplantation immune-suppression regimens; however, with its widespread usage, additional side effects continue to be recognized.
 ...
PMID:Patterns of injury in mycophenolate mofetil-related colitis. 2109 21

A 6-year-old boy was referred for evaluation because he had several vomiting episodes, from the age of 2 years, following short-neck clam ingestion. He tested negative for short-neck clam-specific IgE just before visiting our hospital, and he was not allergic to other foods or shellfish. The patient had low levels of short-neck clam-specific IgE (1.04 UA/ml), and the skin prick test was positive for short-neck clam (4 mm). The lymphocyte stimulation test was positive (5305 counts per min (cpm), stimulation index (SI) =1211%) and the patch test was positive for short-neck clam ingestion. An oral challenge test with boiled short-neck clam induced abdominal pain and vomiting 2 h after ingestion, and the patient presented with increased peripheral leukocytes after 6 h. He was therefore diagnosed with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) due to short-neck clam ingestion. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of FPIES induced by the intake of shellfish.
 ...
PMID:[Case of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome caused by short-neck clam ingestion]. 2121 29


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>