Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating disease showing multifocal central nervous system lesions due to an autoimmune disorder. We reported a 3-month-old girl with ADEM. One week after having a cold, she presented with somnolence, poor feeding and vomiting. When she was admitted three days after the onset, she could neither fix or follow objects with her eyes nor respond to sound. Her muscle tone was decreased. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed pleocytosis, elevated protein concentration and positive myelin basic protein. No oligoclonal band was detected. Diffuse monomorphic slow wave activity was noted on the electroencephalogram. Only wave I was present bilaterally on the auditory brainstem response. T2 weighted images of magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple areas of high signal in the right posterior limb of the internal capsule, white matter of the cerebellum and brainstem. She was diagnosed as having ADEM, and underwent high dose gamma-globulin therapy. Corticosteroids were not given because of her high blood pressure. The clinical symptoms improved continuously before and after the administration. Two years after the onset, she showed normal growth and development without reoccurrence. The age at onset of childhood ADEM is usually 3 or 4 years. ADEM before one year of age is very rare. The demyelinating lesions of this case corresponded to the regions which normally become myelinated by 3 months. Although ADEM is usually treated with corticosteroids, high dose gamma 1-globulin therapy can be considered if patients are very young or have a high risk for corticosteroid, or respond poorly to corticosteroids.
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PMID:[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a 3-month-old infant]. 1126 Sep 21

A 10-year-old boy presented with fever, headache, vomiting, and hypersomnolence. An akinetic-rigid syndrome with tremor, dysphagia, dysphonia, and sialorrhea, as well as pyramidal signs, developed. Slightly elevated protein content was found in the cerebrospinal fluid and serological investigations were suggestive of a primary Epstein-Barr virus infection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed massive bilateral hyperintense striatal and punctiform periventricular lesions. After 2-month treatment with steroids and antiparkinsonian drugs, all features resolved without sequelae. Control MRI demonstrated only minimal residual lesions in both putamina. Strongly resembling the encephalitis lethargica-like syndrome, this case is an unusual presentation of parainfectious acute disseminated encephalitis.
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PMID:Acute reversible parkinsonism in Epstein-Barr virus-related encephalitis lethargica-like illness. 1625 20

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an uncommon inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It generally presents after a nonspecific viral infection. We describe a case of a male adolescent who presented to the emergency department with vomiting and lethargy. A review of the pathophysiology and clinical presentation for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is presented here.
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PMID:A case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a 12-year-old boy. 1924 Jun 75

A 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fever, vomiting and disturbance of consciousness after common cold-like symptoms for 2 days. Physical examination showed high fever, moderate hypertension and tachycardia. There were no superficial lymph nodes swelling nor skin rashes. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed increased protein level (467 mg/dl) and pleocytosis (508 cells/mm3), but no glucose was detected. CSF smear test detected the pneumococcus. Intravenous cefotaxime was administered along with intravenous immunoglobulins and steroid pulse therapy. However, DIC developed, so FOY therapy was started. With these treatments, level of consciousness gradually improved and he became able to eat. At 11th days after the onset, the patient suddenly developed left facial palsy and paresis of the left arm. Head T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated tumor-like hyperintensity signal lesions (28 x 16.6 mm) with ring enhancements in the right frontal lobe. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was diagnosed based on MRI and CSF findings, and then additional corticosteroid pulse therapy was administered twice. Herpes simplex virus and herpes zoster virus DNA in the CSF were undetectable by PCR. After 6 days of treatment with corticosteroid pulse therapy, left facial palsy and paresis of the left arm gradually improved and MRI showed the disappearance of tumor-like hyperintense signals. Although ADEM usually develops as a complication after viral infection such as measles, rubella, mumps and herpes zoster, this case suggests that ADEM complication should be considered even after pneumococcal meningoencephalitis.
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PMID:[A case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) following treatment for pneumococcal meningoencephalitis]. 1934 73

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an acute demyelinating infection of the CNS that is characterized by multifocal white matter involvement often following an infection and vaccination. A 16-year-old child receiving risperidone for 7 years for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder was hospitalized with complaints of double-vision during the past month and weakness on his right side, ataxia, and vomiting over the past 3 days. The child was diagnosed with ADEM after clinical, laboratory, and cranial MRI was conducted. Following an initial 3-day therapy with pulsed methylprednisolone, the child showed obvious clinical improvement. The treatment was continued with prednisolone and significant improvement was achieved. Enterovirus was detected in the results of the viral examination of the CSF. This child was found to be an interesting case having been diagnosed with ADEM associated with enteroviral infection, because of the rarity of few case reports in the literature.
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PMID:Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with enteroviral infection. 2067 93