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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tick-borne encephalitis is transmitted by the tick ixodes ricinus. After the second world war an increase in the number of cases of encephalitis was observed and the neurotropic virus was isolated for the first time in 1948. Reservoir animals are mouse-like wild animals and also agricultural domestic animals. The infection is transmitted to humans through tick bites. It becomes apparent subjectively in headaches, vomiting, tiredness, giddiness and insomnia, and objectively in meningeal symptoms, extrapyramidal tremor, cerebellar ataxia, vestibular nystagmus and paresis. The treatment consists of strict rest in bed for 10 days at least and symptomatic support of the general health. Good results are obtained with antiedematous therapy with hydrocortisone or pyritinol.
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PMID:[Clinical picture of Central European tick-borne encephalitis (author's transl)]. 82 10

No serious side effects with resultant permanent disability were encountered amongst 1457 patients receiving tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination. However, generalized and local reactions occurred in a high percentage of cases following the first vaccination. Fever, headache and vomiting were frequently encountered together. Over 50% of the children under 10 reacted with pyrexia of varying degree up to 39 degrees C, but the temperature seldom exceeded this mark. These reactions began immediately (usually in the night) after the vaccination and generally disappeared after one to two days (rarely longer). During this time a decrease in work efficiency must be expected in a high percentage of vaccinated patients. On the other hand, complete inability to work was recorded in a small percentage of cases only. After the second vaccination (four weeks later) side effects such as fever appeared significantly less frequently, but local reactions were more common. Hence, limitation of work ability over a short period must be anticipated in a relatively high percentage of cases receiving their second dose of TBE vaccine.
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PMID:[Reactions to tick-borne encephalitis vaccination (authors transl)]. 100 82

We present the clinical features of Influenzavirus A2 infection in 75 young children admitted to a children's hospital. The most common presenting features were febrile convulsions. vomiting, coughing, diarrhea, and anorexia. At any age, the illness may present with respiratory tract symptoms and signs but in young babies gastroinestinal symptoms are often the presenting complaint. Children aged one to three years often present with febrile convulsions. Only in older children does the adult pattern begin to emerge. Evidence is put forward to suggest that encephalitis in association with influenza can be due to direct invasion of the central nervous system by the virus.
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PMID:Influenzavirus A2 infections presenting with febril convulsions and gastrointestinal symptoms in young children. 125 16

Clinical and laboratory data of 205 dogs with acute canine parvovirus infection were collected. Seventy-six of these dogs underwent 179 clinical reexaminations. Parvovirus infection can be clinically diagnosed if there are typical gastrointestinal symptoms (vomiting, diarrhoea) in combination with a leucopenia of under 4000 cells/microliters and/or a rise in antibody titer of two degrees or more. In typical parvovirus infection a distinct hyperthermia often precedes vomiting and diarrhoea. The characteristic fall in leucocyte concentration is rapid and most marked between the 3rd and 5th day of the disease. In some cases virus-induced encephalitis and moderate coincident involvement of the cardiac muscle were seen. Secondary bacterial infections of subcutaneous tissue and lungs as well as invaginations are important complications. Surviving dogs will not necessarily have digestive problems later. Therapeutical considerations are discussed.
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PMID:[Ten years of clinical experiences with canine parvovirus infection CPV-2 infection)]. 132 35

Amongst 876 cases suffering from ascariasis 662 cases were managed conservatively and 214 cases were treated by surgery. Surgical complications were found to be more common in males in the age group of 6-10 years. Principal clinical features included pain abdomen (99.54%), constipation (80.25%), vomiting (67.46%), abdominal distension (47.03%), palpable worm masses in abdomen (35.50%), visible peristalsis (27.63%), worms in vomitus (24.20%) and palpable worm clumps on rectal examination (20.09%). Principal clinical diagnosis were worm colics (48.74%), sub-acute intestinal obstruction (27.74%), acute intestinal obstruction (11.42%) and acute intestinal obstruction with strangulation (5.71%); rest of the cases included worm cholecystitis (2.63%), obstructive jaundice (1.71%), bile peritonitis (0.91%), intestinal perforation (0.68%) and acute appendicitis (0.46%). Surgical procedures performed were milking of worms (34.12%), resection anastomosis of small intestine (23.36%), enterotomy with removal of worms (16.36%), cholecystectomy with T-tube drainage (12.15%), cholecystectomy (8.41%), appendectomy (1.87%), resection anastomosis with excision of Meckel's diverticulum (1.40%), repair of intestinal perforation with peritoneal toilet (1.40%) and cholecystectomy with choledochoduodenostomy (0.93%). In surgically managed patients 35 cases died of septicaemia and in conservatively managed cases 3 died of encephalitis with an overall mortality of 4.34%.
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PMID:Surgical manifestations and management of ascariasis in Kashmir. 140 71

Mumps virus is one of the most common causes of viral meningitis. Although brain involvement has been observed in a low proportion of children with mumps meningitis, a pure form of mumps encephalitis is extremely uncommon in the adult. A 23 year-old man presented with a rapidly evolving syndrome of cephalalgia , vomiting, mutism, disorders of gait, somnolence and dystonic movements. The electroencephalogram showed a diffusely slowed background activity. The CSF contained no cells, but the total protein concentration was elevated. The patient recovered without sequelae, but severe intellectual and motor disturbances persisted during more than a month. Serological studies showed an increase of blood IgM mumps-specific antibodies. We conclude that mumps encephalitis, although infrequent, should be considered among viral diseases that mimic herpes simplex encephalitis in the adulthood.
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PMID:[Mumps encephalitis in adulthood]. 205

In a clinical trial of stabilized yellow fever vaccine from Institute Pasteur in 77 children aged seven to eight months, fever was the most significant immediate and delayed side effect. Fever occurred in 12 (15.6%) children with in 48 hours of vaccination while it occurred in 10 (12.9%) children within ten days of vaccination. Other recorded side effects were pain at innoculation site in four (5.2%) children and vomiting in one (1.3%) child. Temperature recorded in 20 of the 22 febrile episodes ranged from 37.8 degrees C to 38.6 degrees C. One of the two patients who had temperatures of 39 degrees C and above had malaria parasites in her blood film. All episodes of fever except one responded to antipyretic. There was no episode of febrile convulsion and no feature suggestive of encephalitis. Of the 20 children who had neutralization test carried out against yellow fever virus six weeks after vaccination, the test was positive in post vaccination sera of 12 (60%) children whose pre-vaccination sera were negative. Two others showed evidence of partial protection. Although the seroconversion rate of 60% is less than reported in adults and older children, the result of this study shows that yellow fever vaccine is safe and fairly effective in infants. It is our suggestion that if a larger trial confirms our findings, the vaccine may be incorporated into the expanded programme on immunization (EPI) to be given at the age of seven months after completion of diptheria, tetanus, pertussis and poliomyelitis vaccinations and before measles vaccination is due.
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PMID:Safety and efficacy of yellow fever vaccine in children less thanone-year-old. 227 33

All major types of human interferons (IFNs) have been purified and clinically administered as antitumor agents. We summarize here experience to date with toxicity of IFNs in cancer patients. The acute syndrome consists of fever, chills, myalgias, arthralgias, and headache, with some variation according to type of IFN, route of administration, schedule, and dose. Fatigue, perhaps reflecting CNS toxicity, is the most prevalent nonacute symptom. At high doses, IFNs are neurotoxic; the abnormalities seen by EEG resemble those in diffuse encephalitis. Hematologic toxicity consists mainly of leukopenia, but anemia and thrombocytopenia occur in some patients. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are the main gastrointestinal symptoms. Elevation of serum transaminases seems to reflect liver toxicity. Renal function is well preserved, except for rare instances of acute renal failure. Cardiac toxicity remains questionable, although heart failure and arrhythmias have been associated with the administration of IFNs. Most, if not all, of these effects are reversible or can be ameliorated. With IFN alpha, the type most widely used in clinical studies, doses of 1 million to 9 million units (MU) are generally well tolerated, but doses greater than or equal to 18 MU yield moderate to severe toxicity. Doses greater than or equal to 36 MU can induce severe toxicity and significantly alter the performance status of the patient.
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PMID:Clinical toxicity of interferons in cancer patients: a review. 241 69

We prospectively studied patients with enigmatic nausea and vomiting after allogeneic marrow transplantation to define the causes of this syndrome. Fifty consecutive episodes of persistent vomiting were investigated using physical examination and laboratory tests, endoscopic biopsies and brushings, and clinical follow-up for four weeks. Potential causes of vomiting were identified in 39 of the 50 cases (78%). Fifteen cases had gastrointestinal infections (mainly herpesviruses), 13 had unsuspected acute intestinal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), 8 had intestinal infection plus acute GVHD, and 3 had other causes (subdural hematomas, bacteremia, and encephalitis). In the remaining 11 cases, no cause of vomiting was found. Endoscopy was necessary for diagnosis in 36 cases and required a combination of methods: routine histology, cytology, viral culture, and immunohistology using monoclonal antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus type 1. Patients with unexplained vomiting or intestinal GVHD had significant improvement of nausea and vomiting over the four-week observation period, but those with CMV did not (P = .01). We conclude that most allogeneic marrow transplant patients with enigmatic nausea and vomiting have gastrointestinal herpesvirus infections, acute GVHD, or both. Untreated CMV infections and persistent GVHD are associated with protracted vomiting in these patients.
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PMID:A prospective study of unexplained nausea and vomiting after marrow transplantation. 302 71

A clinicopathologic case of acute diffuse lymphocytic meningoencephalitis in a 8-year-old child is reported. Clinical picture started 7 days prior to death and was characterized by fever and occipital cephalea followed by worsening of general conditions, vomiting and generalized convulsive crisis together with cardiopulmonary arrest and coma. The pathologic examination showed alterations only in the brain, namely pronounced cerebral edema and inflammatory infiltrate, predominantly lymphocytic, perivascular, particularly in the white matter, in all regions analyzed. This case is compared to the ones described in the literature and the etiopathogenesis of acute diffuse lymphocytic meningoencephalitis is discussed. The necessity of making public cases of non-bacterial acute encephalitis is emphasized, due to the fact that most of them remain with undetermined etiology.
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PMID:[Acute diffuse lymphocytic meningoencephalitis: a clinico-pathological report of a case]. 359 37


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