Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We reported a 51-year-old male with ischemic disturbance of right inner ear resembling Meniere's disease. The patient had a sudden-onset episode of vertigo, right severe hearing disturbance, nausea, vomiting and gait disturbance. Two days after, he had hypersomnia, vertical gaze palsy, double vision, left Horner's sign, and sensory disturbance of pain and temperature of right half body involving face. Brain MRI disclosed high intensity area in T2-weighted image and proton density in bilateral paramedian thalamo-mesencephalic region and right cerebellum (area of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery). Cerebral angiography showed 90% or more stenosis of the right vertebral artery, 50% stenosis of the left vertebral artery before the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), and 60% stenosis of distal portion of the basilar artery. Furthermore, stem portion of the posterior cerebral artery, and the right anterior cerebellar artery and the left vertebral artery after the PICA were absent or occluded. Right deafness was evaluated to be Jerger type II, namely disturbance of inner ear. Caloric tests showed no response, and right auditory brainstem response showed no waves. Main cause of this vertigo and right deafness was considered to be disturbance of inner ear due to ischemia of right labyrinthine artery, though this patient was not a typical case of the anterior cerebellar artery syndrome. Ischemic disturbances of inner ear have been reported only in patients with the anterior cerebellar artery syndrome, therefore this patient who had only acute ischemic disturbance of inner ear and did not have disturbance of caudo-lateral portion of the pons was considered to be very rare.
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PMID:[A case of ischemic disturbance of inner ear]. 259 43

A 45-year-old Japanese man, who had had bilateral visual disturbance due to Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease 17 years before entry, was admitted to this hospital because of headache, vertigo and vomiting. On examination at entry, no abnormalities except for poliosis, patches of vitiligo on his left shin, sunset glow fundus, and positional nystagmus with Frenzel glasses were found. Laboratory data other than leukocytosis and elevated level of gamma-GTP were normal and the results of brain CT scan were within normal limits. On the following day, diplopia was developed and the neurological symptoms including loss of bilateral visual acuity, Horner's syndrome on the right side, right facial palsy, bilateral sensorineural hearing disturbance, palsy of the soft palate on the right side with swallowing difficulty, and dissociated sensory disturbance on the right face and the upper and lower extremities on the left side appeared with a few days. He couldn't get up. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was clear and had pleocytosis with normal sugar content. The protein, immunoglobulin G and myelin basic protein (MBP) were elevated but the tests for oligoclonal band and antiviral antibodies were negative. Brain CT scan showed low density areas in right cerebellar hemisphere and in left putamen without abnormality with contrast material and evoked potentials were normal. Prednisolone was prescribed and his symptoms were subsided but his gait remained ataxic. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 4 months later showed an atrophy of the lower half of bilateral cerebellar hemisphere supplied by posterior inferior cerebellar artery, suggesting cerebellar infarction, and high intensity areas on T2 image in bilateral cerebral white matters, basal ganglia, and left cerebral peduncle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Wallenberg's syndrome in a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease]. 261 5

Cryptococcal meningitis is the most frequent fungal infection of the central nervous system, known readily to complicate with immuno-compromised patients. There are only a few cases of primary infection in healthy non-immuno-compromised patients. Amphotericin-B (AMPH-B) and 5-Fluorocytosine (5-FC) are effective agents against Cryptococcal meningitis, although, their toxicity and drug resistance are limiting factors. However, in recent years Miconazole has been widely used against fungal infections and it's effectiveness has been reported. This is a 68 y.o. male who was admitted to Toyohashi Municipal Hospital on March 15, 1987 because of headache, vomiting, diplopia and gait disturbance. Continuous lumbar drainage was performed since lumbar puncture revealed surprisingly high cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and presence of many Cryptococcus neoformans, i.v. AMPH-B and p.o. 5-FC was also administrated. A 7 day course of i.v. AMPH-B and p.o. 5-FC showed no improvement with side effects of macrohematuria and anorexia. Then Miconazole was administrated i.v. and intrathecal (i.t.). The clinical signs and CSF laboratory data improved after a 90 day course of Miconazole therapy and the patient was discharged on August 24. But the patient was readmitted from March 10 to April 30, 1988, because of a slight increase of C. neoformans in CSF (17/mm3) and improved by i.v. and i.t. Miconazole. The total Miconazole dosage was 90.6 g (i.t.: 505 mg) at the first admission and 36 g (i.t.: 50 mg) at the second admission, but no side effect was seen. The reduction of elevated CSF pressure with continuous CSF drainage was also important for the treatment of such cases with increased intracranial pressure.
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PMID:[A case of cryptococcal meningitis successfully treated with miconazole and CSF drainage]. 261 99

The authors present a case of a ruptured aneurysm of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery at the right internal auditory meatus, of which incidence is thought to be very rare. The patient experienced a sudden onset of headache, vomiting and tinnitus in the right side. Moderate peripheral facial palsy and hearing disturbance in the right appeared 2 weeks after the onset with diplopia. These symptoms improved to some extent after the successful neck clipping of this aneurysm.
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PMID:Aneurysm of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery at the internal auditory meatus: case report and review of the literature. 266 61

Childhood Hodgkin's Disease rarely involves the nasopharynx or the brain. This is a report of a 12-year-old boy who presented with a 3-month history of headache, diplopia, dizziness, and early morning vomiting. Computerized axial tomography (CT) scan revealed a nasopharyngeal mass with intracranial extension through the skull base. Biopsy of the nasopharyngeal mass and an upper cervical lymph node was consistent with Hodgkin's disease of mixed cellularity. This, to the author's knowledge, is the first report of a child having the combination of nasopharyngeal and intracranial involvement in Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Nasopharyngeal Hodgkin's disease with intracranial extension in a child. 270 39

Germinomas in childhood may arise in both the suprasellar and pineal region, and outcome has been reported to be worse for suprasellar germinomas with a 5-year survival rate of 20% as compared to 60% for pineal germinoma. To determine the factors impacting on outcome, the results of a uniform treatment approach were evaluated and included primary surgical debulking (PSD) and systemic craniospinal axis radiation (CSRT) for suprasellar germinomas. Between 1976 and 1985 ten consecutive patients (seven females, three males) with the pathologically confirmed diagnosis of suprasellar germinoma were treated. Outcome was compared to four male patients with pineal germinoma treated over the same time period and series of patients reported in the literature. At diagnosis the mean age of patients with suprasellar germinoma was 13.9 years (range, 8.9 to 9.4 years). Symptoms were present for a mean of 18 months (range, 2 to 72 months) prior to diagnosis and included diabetes insipidus, anterior pituitary dysfunction, decreased vision, headache, vomiting, and diplopia. Staging studies, including myelography (n = 4) and cerebrospinal fluid cytology (n = 7), disclosed dissemination in only one child. Surgical treatment included biopsy in three cases, partial resection in five, and total resection in two; no permanent postsurgical complications were noted. The mean radiation therapy dose to the tumor site was 4953 cGy (range, 4400 to 5250 cGy) and to the spine 3354 cGy (range, 3000 to 4000 cGy). Patients were followed for a mean period of 5.1 years (range, 1.9 to 10.5 years). One patient with SG who did not receive treatment initially developed a pineal tumor after diagnosis; she was treated with PSD and CSRT and is asymptomatic 5 years later. All the remaining patients are alive and remain disease-free. Surgical resection and CSRT results in excellent disease control for children with suprasellar germinomas, and outcome is similar to those patients with pineal germinoma.
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PMID:Suprasellar germinomas in childhood. A reappraisal. 291 Apr 39

We examined two patients with acute orbital myositis associated with orbital hemorrhage and eyelid ecchymosis. Both patients were young women (aged 22 and 30 years) who had painful proptosis, diplopia, and computed tomographic evidence of single extraocular muscle involvement with spillover of inflammatory edema into the adjacent orbital fat. Patient 1 showed contralateral preseptal eyelid inflammation and did not suffer an orbital hemorrhage until after an episode of vomiting. In Patient 2, the diagnosis of occult orbital varix was initially considered but an orbital exploration and a biopsy specimen showed no vascular anomaly. Both patients were treated successfully with high-dose systemic corticosteroids. Some cases of idiopathic orbital inflammation may be related to preexisting vascular anomalies or orbital phlebitis.
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PMID:Orbital hemorrhage and eyelid ecchymosis in acute orbital myositis. 291 3

Two incidents of toxin-type food poisoning in N.E. Scotland associated with the consumption of red whelks (Neptunea antiqua) are described. Four patients developed symptoms within 1 h of consuming whole whelks. These included visual disturbances--double vision and difficulty in focusing--tingling of the fingers, prostration and in one subject nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and ataxia. In all cases recovery was complete in 24 h. Using a newly developed analytical technique the concentration of the causative toxin, tetramine, in the salivary glands of the whelks consumed was estimated at 0.07%, equivalent to a content of 3.75 mg/100 g of the shellfish.
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PMID:Food poisoning due to the consumption of red whelks (Neptunea antiqua). 318 22

Fourteen patients with ventricular cerebrospinal fluid shunts in place for chronic hydrocephalus presented with a history and neurological deficits usually associated with high intracranial pressure (ICP) caused by an obstructed shunt system. However, the symptoms were characteristically present when the patient was upright and active, and were usually relieved by lying down. The symptoms of intermittent headache, nausea, emesis, lethargy, and diplopia were associated with paresis of upward gaze or minimal strabismus. Measurement of ICP showed unexpected dramatically low levels with a marked drop in pressure when the patient was in the upright position, whereas ICP was near normal when the patient was supine. The low ICP was corrected by insertion of a high-pressure Flo-Control valve into the shunt system already in place. Postoperatively, the immediate clinical improvement and more normal ICP measurements were striking. The important clinical finding in this group of patients was the presence of disabling symptoms which occurred when the patients were up and active and which were relieved by lying down. Measurements of ICP with the patient in the supine and then in the upright position were critical in establishing an accurate diagnosis of symptomatic low ICP in these hydrocephalic patients with indwelling shunts. With the patient in the Trendelenburg position, ICP showed a marked increase, as expected; in some patients this position was prescribed as treatment for several days before surgery.
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PMID:Symptomatic low intracranial pressure in shunted hydrocephalus. 334 12

20 women undergoing voluntary induced abortion for the first time who were 25-35 years old and weighed 55-65 kg. received .2 mg/kg diazepam iv and 2 mg/kg ketamine iv. 5 and 10 minutes after starting of anesthesia, 10 patients received 4 mcg/kg naloxone iv for a total dose of 8 mcg/kg. The remaining 10 patients received 2 ml of physiological solution iv twice. The interval between the administration and onset of anesthesia was 78 + or - 10.3 seconds in the control group and 79.1 + or - 12.9 seconds in the treatment group. The duration of anesthesia was 7.5 + or - .8 minutes in controls and 7.4 + or - 1 minute in the naloxone-treated group. The recuperation as measured by answering simple commands was 23.8 = or - 3 minutes in controls and 24 + or - 4.2 minutes in the naloxone group. Recognition of persons was 36.5 + or - 5.3 minutes and 36 + or - 5.2 minutes, respectively; and the regaining of spacial- temporal orientation took 75 + or - 9.8 minutes and 73.8 + or - 12.2 minutes, respectively. These figures were without statistical significance. There were 13 and 14 instances of side effects in controls and the naloxone treatment group, respectively. 1 case of delirium occurred in both groups; 3 cases of diplopia in both groups; 6 and 5 instances of floating, respectively; 3 and 4 instances of vertigo, respectively; and 1 case of vomiting in the naloxone group. 1 patient in each group considered the experience unpleasant, 4 patients each were unaffected, and 1 each judged it pleasant. The score on the scale of analgesia was 2.4 + or - 1.2 in the control group and 2.3 + or - .9 in the naloxone-treated group. In conclusion, clinical doses of naloxone did not appreciably modify the action of ketamine, and clinical doses of ketamine do not interfere the opiate receptors.
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PMID:[In clinical use conditions naloxone does not antagonize the effects of ketamine]. 345 87


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