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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A diabetic cat with hyperadrenocorticism had polydipsia, polyuria, ventral abdominal alopecia, thin dry skin, and a pendulous abdomen. Results of laboratory testing indicated persistent resting hypercortisolemia, hyperresponsiveness of the adrenal glands (increased cortisol concentration) to ACTH gel, and no suppression of cortisol concentrations after administration of dexamethasone at 0.01 or 1.0 mg/kg of body weight. Necropsy revealed a pituitary gland tumor, bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, hepatic neoplasia, and demodicosis. Adrenal gland function was concurrently assessed in 2 cats with diabetes mellitus. One cat had resting hypercortisolemia, and both had hyperresponsiveness to ACTH gel (increased cortisol concentration) at one hour. After administration of dexamethasone (0.01 and 1.0 mg/kg), the diabetic cats appeared to have normal suppression of cortisol concentrations. The effects of mitotane were investigated in 4 clinically normal cats. Adrenocortical suppression of cortisol production occurred in 2 of 4 cats after dosages of 25, 37, and 50 mg/kg. Three cats remained clinically normal throughout the study. One cat experienced vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia.
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PMID:Hyperadrenocorticism in a cat. 355 96

A patient with longstanding diabetes and renal failure presented with painless vomiting due to duodenal obstruction was found to have an annular pancreas. Initial operative evaluation, later pathologically confirmed, demonstrated involvement of not only the annulus, but also the entire gland by diffuse atrophic chronic pancreatitis. We speculate on the possible influence of the underlying diabetes and renal disease on the pathogenesis of the unusual generalized chronic inflammatory changes and the precipitation of duodenal obstruction in this patient.
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PMID:Annular pancreas associated with diffuse chronic pancreatitis. 360 30

A rare case of extracranial internal carotid occlusion with a coexisting ipsilateral internal carotid aneurysm is reported. A 50-year-old male had a sudden onset of severe headache, vomiting and right motor weakness on May 14, 1984. Two days later the patient was transferred to our hospital. On admission he was alert but presented with nuchal rigidity and right moderate hemiparesis. He had an episode of a blunt head injury 12 years previously, but no history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus or cerebral stroke. A computed tomography revealed mild subarachnoid hemorrhage and mild ventricular dilatation. A cerebral angiography did not demonstrate any aneurysms but it revealed occlusion of the right internal carotid artery at the cervical bifurcation. The repeated angiography on May 31 disclosed a saccular aneurysm arising anteromedially at the level of the junction of the right posterior communicating artery and the internal carotid artery. The cervical internal carotid artery remained occluded at the same site. The middle cerebral artery was supplied through the well-developed posterior communicating artery, and the right anterior cerebral artery was supplied through the anterior communicating artery. Clipping of the aneurysm was attempted but it was forcibly trapped because of premature bleeding on June 5. The right V-P shunt was performed for the progressive ventricular dilatation on June 12. The patient was discharged with no paresis on June 20. It has been well known that the uni- or bilateral carotid occlusion, whatever the origins are, are often associated with cerebral aneurysms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Extracranial internal carotid occlusion and coexisting ipsilateral intracranial internal carotid aneurysm]. 361 34

Diabetes mellitus has been associated with a variety of gastrointestinal motor disturbances. Pyloric activity, however, has not been specifically investigated. We have quantified the pyloric manometric profile in 24 diabetics with recurrent nausea or vomiting, or both, without evidence of mechanical obstruction. Twelve healthy volunteers served as controls. A multilumen pneumohydraulic perfusion assembly with five side openings, each 1 cm apart, was positioned fluoroscopically across the antroduodenal junction and used to monitor pressure activity for 5 h (3 h fasting and 2 h fed). Three patterns of pyloric activity were defined and quantified: (a) baseline elevation of greater than or equal to 3 mmHg for greater than or equal to 1 min (tonic pattern); (b) antral-type phasic pressure activity mixed with duodenal phasic activity (phasic pattern); and (c) phasic pattern superimposed on tonic activity (combined tonic-phasic pattern). The duration of the total pyloric activity before and after the meal was greater in diabetics than in controls (p less than 0.005). Furthermore, episodes of unusually prolonged (greater than or equal to 3 min) and intense (greater than or equal to 10 mmHg) tonic contraction, "pylorospasm," were observed in 14 of 24 diabetics but in only 1 control (p = 0.025). In diabetics, episodes of pylorospasm had a peak amplitude of tonic activity of 13 +/- 1 mmHg and a duration of 7 +/- 0.7 min (mean +/- SE). We conclude that pyloric dysmotility forms part of the widespread disruption of gut motility that affects some patients with diabetes.
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PMID:Pyloric dysfunction in diabetics with recurrent nausea and vomiting. 369 9

Clinical findings, symptoms and predisposing factors were studied in 43 patients with oesophageal candidiasis, 40 patients with peptic oesophagitis and 40 normal controls. Oesophageal candidiasis was confirmed cytologically. 2.4% of patients who had undergone gastroscopy had oesophageal candidiasis; only three of them had simultaneous candidiasis of the oral cavity. Cardiac failure, oesophageal varices, hiatus hernia and gastric ulcer were common associated disorders. 42% of patients with candidal oesophagitis were symptom-free. Most common symptoms were vomiting, retrosternal and epigastric pain. Peptic oesophagitis was more frequently associated with symptoms. Predisposing factors were present in 88% of cases of oesophageal candidiasis: alcoholism, hepatic cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, malignant tumours and other wasting diseases. 18 patients had had treatment with cimetidine; they included all 13 patients whose candidiasis was first detected at check endoscopy.
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PMID:[Candidiasis of the esophagus. Prospective study of incidence, type of complaints and predisposing factors]. 373 73

An autopsy case of clostridial gas gangrene occurring in a 54-year-old man with colon adenocarcinoma, liver cirrhosis, and diabetes mellitus is reported. The patient died 4 days after the onset of symptoms with episodes of vomiting and abdominal pain. Gangrene of both hips and perineum, hemolysis, renal failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation were the dominant clinical features. Clostridium septicum was isolated from the subcutaneous tissue fluid. Adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon with ulceration found at autopsy was supposed to be an entry of the organism. Histologically, lesions of subcutaneous tissue and muscles were characterized by the absence of inflammatory infiltrates in spite of extensive necrosis. A summary of 35 cases of gas gangrene hospitalized to the Osaka University Hospital for the past 16 years indicates that clostridial gas gangrene patients with underlying diseases such as malignant neoplasm, diabetes, liver cirrhosis or immunodeficiency have a relatively poor prognosis.
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PMID:A case of nontraumatic clostridial gas gangrene occurring in a patient with colon adenocarcinoma, liver cirrhosis, and diabetes mellitus. 373 9

Gastroparesis diabeticorum is a common complication that develops in patients with diabetes mellitus. Although the pathogenesis remains unclear, the clinical symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and gastric dilatation frequently respond to metoclopramide hydrochloride, an agent that stimulates gastric emptying in addition to acting centrally as an antiemetic. Occasionally, patients are encountered whose severe gastroparesis is unresponsive to oral metoclopramide and who require intravenous therapy or drainage procedures (eg, pyloroplasty or gastrojejunostomy). Rectal administration of metoclopramide successfully controlled the clinical symptoms of gastroparesis diabeticorum in an outpatient after failure of oral dosing, thus avoiding the need for intravenous therapy. Gastric emptying studies and serum metoclopramide levels following a 25-mg rectal dose of metoclopramide hydrochloride verified the efficacy of therapy.
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PMID:Metoclopramide suppositories in the treatment of diabetic gastroparesis. 377 59

Pressure activity in the stomach and upper intestine was studied in 104 patients referred to the Mayo Clinic for evaluation of functional symptoms (nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal pain, or other dyspeptic symptoms in the absence of structural gut abnormalities). Manometric abnormalities were found in 75 patients. Forty-three of these had gastric abnormalities and 32 patients had both gastric and intestinal abnormalities. In the stomach, decreased antral phasic pressure activity after a solid meal was the most common abnormality. In the upper intestine, unpropagated bursts of phasic and tonic contractile activity were a relatively frequent abnormality but a number of other altered manometric patterns also were observed. Digestive tract symptoms were not good predictors of the presence or site of the gastrointestinal manometric abnormalities. Patients with associated neurologic, urologic, or metabolic (diabetes) disease were more likely to exhibit manometric abnormalities than were those without evidence of disease outside the gut. Almost two-thirds of the patients with symptoms and normal manometry presented features suggestive of psychiatric disease. We conclude that in patients with severe functional-type symptoms gastrointestinal manometry is a useful technique to evidence the underlying gut motor disturbance that is present in a relatively high proportion of these patients.
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PMID:Manometric evaluation of functional upper gut symptoms. 397 47

The etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and complications, therapy, and prognosis of hypernatremic (hypertonic) dehydration in infants are briefly discussed. The most likely causal condition for hypernatremic states in infants is enteric disease, because the symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting result in water loss and inability to take in water for replenishment. Other causes include dubious feeding practices, diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, and maladroit diagnostic and therapeutic maneuvers, including administration of radiologic contrast medium or hypertonic sodium bicarbonate or mannitol infusions, or the use of salt solutions as an emetic. Epidemiologically, 2 factors are apparent: high saline diet and winter season. The clinical hallmarks of hypernatremic disturbance are relative preservation of circulation and early presence of neurologic symptomatology. Renal tube necrosis is also occasionally encountered. Therapy is rehydration, but the bone of contention is the technique for replacing water in the face of the fact that water administered without electrolyte causes the brain to swell and frequently results in convulsions. The management of hypernatremic dehydration begins with a replenishment phase if neither shock nor apparent anuria is present. The principle is to replenish the body slowly, and 48 hours has been chosen as the target, so that for volume the deficit plus 2 days of ongoing losses should be allocated. However, the sodium and other ion contents are derived solely from the deficit, without factoring the 2-day maintenance period. A recipe for rehydration fluid is presented.
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PMID:Hypernatremic (hypertonic) dehydration in infants. 457 33

24 women aged 17-34 received therapeutic abortions at the obstetric clinic of Clermont-Ferrand between 1958 to 1969. Indications were cardiopathies (9), hypertension (7), nephropathies (3), uncontrollable vomiting (2), diabetes (1), bronchial dilatation (1), and risk of uterine rupture (1). These indications correspond to those reported in 2 other studies. The 2 abortions necessitated by vomiting occurred in 1959 and might have been otherwise controllable by current techniques. 75% of the abortions were performed by "microcesaerean," and were follow ed by sterilization if the couple consented. Data on each patient are p resented in a table showing age, parity, antecedent conditions, indications for the abortion, and operative techniques used.
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PMID:[Therapeutic abortion at the obstetrical clinic of Clermont-Ferrand from 1958 to 1969. 24 cases]. 553 54


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