Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A variant form of maple syrup urine disease (grade II) in a twelve year old boy is reported. The clinical picture was characterized by seizure-like episodes of confusion and intermittent ataxia. The diagnosis was made by showing an increased excretion of branched-chain alpha-hydroxy acids as well as evaluated plasma concentrations of the branched-chain aminoacids and alpha-ketoacids. There was a decrease of leucine degradation in cultured fibroblasts to 5 to 6% of normal. The treatment with thiamine-hydrochlorid remained without any clinical or biochemical effect in our patient. Further neurologic symptoms during acute episodes of vomiting could be avoided by dietary protein restriction and early parenteral glucose supplementation.
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PMID:[Intermittent maple syrup urine disease in a 12-year-old boy: clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment]. 663 15

Psychiatric symptoms and psychometric variables were assessed in thirty three female inpatients with anorexia nervosa. Our sample was a relatively "severe" group. All of the patients were still in treatment at the time of the study and had fulfilled the strict diagnostic criteria clearly defined by Crisp, Bruch, Russell, Dally and Gomez. Since the initial descriptions of anorexia nervosa were made, there has been a great confusion about whether it is a homogeneous illness or not. Our findings bear consistently with the clinical observation that there are distinct diagnostic sub-groups within the anorexia nervosa syndrome. Objective psychological measures lend support to the clinical evaluation that neurotic mechanisms (hysterical, phobic or obsessionnal features) are unusual in anorexia nervosa. Within the primary anorectics, the major clinical predictors of a poor outcome were: age (greater than 20 years), persistant amenorrhea and importance of weight loss. Within the 33 patients, the other predictors of a poor outcome were: small weight gain during treatment, absence of manifest distress (denial or satisfaction) and bulimia associated with self-induced vomiting. On the other hand, anxiety, depression and premorbid personality traits were not systematically associated with a poor prognosis. The population studied was heterogeneous in terms of MMPI profiles and Rorschach scores. The extent to which all our patients deviated from the norm on the Rorschach scores was not negligeable. The Rorschach variables linked to a clinical severity were the percentage of responses F (Form) and F + (form quality). The combination of these scores with the MMPI Anxiety Index (WELSH) lead to identify different sub-groups with a poor prognosis. According to H. Bruch theories, cognitive and perceptual difficulties, disturbance of body image of internal sensations as well as deficiency in identifying emotional states were very common. Rorschach responses of anorectic patients were compared with those of schizophrenic and depressed control groups of F% and F + % mean scores. The results showed that the anorectic group was closer to the schizophrenic group than to the depressed one.
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PMID:[Anorexia nervosa. A clinical and psychometric study]. 665 Oct 83

A dose-ranging study with oral levonantradol was performed in 20 cancer patients. The optimum oral dose which attenuated vomiting accompanying chemotherapy was 1 mg 4-hourly. Side-effects comprised dizziness, confusion, euphoria, drowsiness, and difficulty in concentrating. There was no cardiovascular toxicity. Overall toxicity appeared to be dose-related and was mild and acceptable.
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PMID:Oral levonantradol in the control of cancer chemotherapy-induced emesis. 668

A 39-year-old man had fever, nuchal rigidity, vomiting, and mental confusion within 24 hours after myelography with metrizamide, a water-soluble contrast medium. Cloudy cerebrospinal fluid showing pleocytosis, a significantly elevated level of protein, and a low glucose value suggested septic meningitis, but rapid resolution of signs of meningeal irritation and negative spinal fluid cultures made chemical meningitis due to the metrizamide the likely diagnosis.
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PMID:Metrizamide meningitis. 669 28

The case of a 24-year-old man who accidentally ingested liquid zinc chloride is presented. Local caustic effects included erosive pharyngitis and esophagitis. Nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, as well as hypocalcemia and hyperamylasemia, suggested acute pancreatitis. Microhematuria occurred, but renal function did not deteriorate. Lethargy and confusion, noted previously in another case of hyperzincemia, were present. Chelation therapy was instituted, with reversal of the clinical and biochemical effects of zinc poisoning.
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PMID:Accidental ingestion of liquid zinc chloride: local and systemic effects. 678 11

A case of Wernicke's encephalopathy with ataxia, confusion, memory loss, partial seizures of complex behavior and hypothermia, subsequent to thiamine depletion due to chronic malnourishment and triggered by an episode of acute vomiting and diarrhea, is reported, Computerized tomography (CT-scan) depicted small bilateral lesions in areas adjacent to the walls of the third ventricle, common location of the lesions seen in autopsy material of Wernicke's encephalopathy. Early diagnosis and treatment with vitamin B complex supplemented with intensive mnemonic and cognitive therapy led to complete recovery in a ten day period.
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PMID:Wernicke's encephalopathy. A case report with neurophysiologic and CT-scan studies. 686 52

Forty-four patients with metastatic brain neoplasms received glycerol instead of corticosteroids during periods of brain irradiation. Headache, nausea, and vomiting were controlled in more than 90% of symptomatic patients, while paralysis, confusion, and papilledema improved in 55% to 80%. Patients with minimal or no symptoms remained stable. Patients with moderate or severe symptoms had significant improvement during the first week and substantial improvement during the second week of treatment. Glycerol did not induce immunosuppression when administered in combination with radiotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy. Patients with malignant melanoma had longer survival when treated with glycerol instead of corticosteroids.
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PMID:Glycerol: an alternative to dexamethasone for patients receiving brain irradiation for metastatic disease. 699 10

A 19-year-old boy suffered from headache and intermittent CSF rhinorrhea, was admitted to Matsuyama Shimin Hospital on June 1, 1979. Two months prior to admission he had had a frontal head injury with confusion and the right nasal bleeding. Plain skully x-ray films and biplane (axial & coronal) CT revealed intracerebral pneumocephalus in the right frontal lobe with depressed basal skull fracture into the right ethmoid sinus. Clinical conservative courses of intermittent CSF rhinorrhea, headache and vomiting were related to the changes of the air shadow on plain skull films. Preoperative metrizamide CT Cisternography was done on July 5. Sequential CT cisternograms demonstrated ventricular reflux at 1 hr and partial obstruction of the basal cistern and supratentorial subarachnoid space at 3 hr, which attributed to the mass effect of the air cysts. They also demonstrated an interesting finding, the accumulation of metrizamide into the intracerebral air cyst at 3 hr, suggesting transependymal penetration of contrast medium. At 24 hr, the air cyst decreased in size and the metrizamide disappeared. CT cisternograms 8 months after the surgery showed no evidence of air cyst but remained a low dense porencephalic cyst. Ventricular reflux was seen at 3 and 6 hr but there was no accumulation of metrizamide into the cyst at any hr. Filling patterns of the basal cistern and supratentorial subarachnoid space returned normal except the defect in the anterior interhemispheric cistern. Transependymal penetration of metrizamide in this case can be explained by the mechanism of pressure gradient between the ventricle and the air cyst. Thus the postoperative CT cisternograms showed no penetration because of the absence of pressure gradient, whereas the ventricular reflux and the same ependymal septum still remained. No mention has been made about the CSF flow dynamics in intracerebral pneumocephalus and their relation to the CSF rhinorrhea in previous literature. Intermittent CSF rhinorrhea of this case will attribute to the CSF accumulated in the air cyst as mentioned above.
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PMID:[A case report of traumatic intracerebral pneumocephalus with interesting CT cisternographic findings (author's transl)]. 711 May 20

The case reported here was a 6-year-old girl who complained of sudden headache and nausea followed by vomiting and visited our clinic. Physical examination revealed mental confusion, right abducent palsy and papilledema. Computed tomography demonstrated a round high-density area surrounded by a low-density zone indicating cystic nature and including high-density part. The lesion was located in the right parietal lobe attaching to the flax. Right frontoparietal craniotomy disclosed a brain tumor containing a large cyst in which bleeding from the tumor was confirmed. This mass lesion was totally resected out. Histo-pathological diagnosis was meningioma to contained cystic formation and hemorrhage from the tumor. Therefore, further discussion on the pathogenesis of cyst formation and bleeding from this tumor was presented.
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PMID:[Cystic meningioma associated with intratumoral hemorrhage in a child--report of a case and review of the literature]. 712 32

Forty cases of cerebral Plasmodium falciparum malaria seen at San Lazaro Hospital, Manila, Philippines from 1979-1981 were reviewed. These cases represented 7% of all Plasmodium falciparum cases seen during this period. All of the patients had fever and headache, 73% confusion, 70% chills, 68% jaundice or abdominal pain, 60% sweats. Findings more frequent in the fatal compared to the non-fatal cases were: the presence of schizonts in the peripheral smear, oliguria, coma, convulsions, urinary incontinence, jaundice, pulmonary symptoms and vomiting. Fatal cases were less likely to be clinically diagnosed as malaria and more likely to be diagnosed as hepatitis than malaria. The treatment and management of these cases is discussed.
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PMID:Cerebral malaria at San Lazaro Hospital, Manila, Philippines. 717 Jun 37


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