Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The time of onset of ipecac-induced emesis is not significantly influenced by the temperature of concurrently administered fluid. The average time of emesis with syrup of ipecac administered with cold (10 degrees C) versus warm (40 degrees C) water was found to be 30:59 and 30:18 min, respectively. The difference in induction time is not statistically or clinically significant.
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PMID:The effect of temperature of concurrently administered fluid on the onset of ipecac-induced emesis. 3 18

The authors report a case of colloid cyst of the third ventricle diagnosed preoperatively through CT scan, pneumoencephalography and carotid angiography. The patient was a twenty-six year old housewife with a history of two repeated episodic headaches followed by gait disturbance, vomiting and cold sweating. At operation, the colloid cyst which completely occluded the right foramen of Monro, was reached by anterior transcallosal approach and was partially removed with subsequent cure of her symptoms. The cyst fluid contained cholesterin crystals, cholesterol, protein (12.8 g/dl), and sugar (16 mg/dl). Histologically, the cyst wall consisted of a single layered cuboidal or columnar epithelium with many cilias internally and loose connective tissue rich in vascluar channels externally. Cytoplasm and cellular surface was partly positive at mucicarmine, PAS and alusian blue staining. The fact would confirm that there is mucin secreting function among the epithelial cells of the cyst.
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PMID:[A case of colloid cyst of the third ventricle (author's transl)]. 66 78

In a 4-week period in early 1976 in a poor, working class area of Cali, Colombia, the prevalences of diarrhea, vomiting, common cold, and head lice in schoolchildren were measured in relation to classroom size and to the condition of the school toilets. The study found that unhygienic toilet conditions were related to diarrhea, and it was estimated that if all schools could reach the modest level of hygiene of the two schools with the relatively best facilities, diarrhea would be reduced by 44% and vomiting by 34%. Toilet hygiene was found to be unrelated to colds or head lice, which have similar social class distributions to diarrhea and vomiting. Crowding was found to be related to a small percentage of the prevalences of vomiting, head lice and colds.
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PMID:Diarrhea and school toilet hygiene in Cali, Colombia. 66 57

Patients suffering from anorexia nervosa rarely appear to develop the common cold or influenza. This study examines the immunological response of fifteen female anorexia nervosa patients of both the vomiting and carbohydrate-abstaining type and compares them with a control population matched for age and occupation. Both anorectics and control populations received the admune influenza vaccine. Initially both groups had similar haemagglutination inhibition titres against the three different viral antigens: A/HK; A/PC; A/Eng. However, the anorectics showed over a 2-month period a higher titre of antibody especially to the Hong Kong virus: this was sigignificant. Cellular immune responses were measured using a tuberculin and a macrophage inhibition test, no significant difference between the two groups was obderved. These results which support the clinical findings are discussed.
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PMID:An investigation of the immune response of patients suffering from anorexia nervosa. 68 7

Many of the disturbances resulting from dysregulations in the autonomous nervous system of children with cerebral palsy are rarely discussed in the doctor's praxis. Nevertheless, they are causes of trouble and worry for the parents. For this reason we started an inquiry into this matter. Questionnaires were sent to the parents of 452 C.P. patients. 374 were answered with sufficient care. The following factors were evaluated: sleep, bladder and bowel activity, temperature regulation, vomiting, sweating, blood circulation, growth. The C.P. children were compared to their own siblings especially to the next younger ones. The diagnoses were as follows: Spastic tetraplegia 197 patients. Spastic hemiplegia 44 patients, Athetosis 33 patients, Mixed cases of spasticity and athetosis 82 patients, Other 15 patients. The degrees of handicap in terms of motor development were: severe (unability to sit unsupported) 166 cases, moderate (unability to kneel or walk unsupported) 118 cases, mild (ability to kneel and/or walk unsupported) 87 cases. Summarized, the statements of the parents gave the following results: sleep disturbances: 169 cases (46%), constipation: 145 cases (39%), tendency towards temperature dysregulation: 112 cases (30%) , tendency towards increased vomiting: 91 cases (25%), sweating increased or decreased: 110 cases (30%), irregular and frequent voiding of bladder: 92 cases (25%), unstable regulation of blood circulation: 101 cases (27%), cold skin: 264 cases (71%), body-length deficit: 119 cases (32%), low-weight: 177 cases (48%), feet too small for age: 252 cases (68%). Results are related to diagnosis and severeness of handicap. In addition, it is discussed, whether there are relations between several of the investigated factors. The influence of the patients sex is discussed.
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PMID:[Vegetative disorders in children with cerebral palsy. Results of an inquiry of parents]. 97 69

125 nulliparous women were divided into 5 groups of 25 each to study the efficacy of various prostaglandin (PG) analogs for cervical dilatation preparato to medical termination of pregnancy. All subjects were in the first trimester of pregnancy, and abortions were to be performed vaginally. All patients received their dosages and analogs as a single extraamniotic infusion 14-16 hours prior to evacuation of uterine contents. The 125 women, 62% of whom were teen-agers, were randomly divided into the following groups: 1) 25 mcg of 15(S)-methyl PGE2 (free acid); 2) 25 mcg of 15(S)-methyl PGE2 methyl ester; 3) 250 mcg of 15(S)-methyl PGF2 alpha (free acid); 4) 250 mcg of 15(S)-methyl PGF2 alpha methyl ester; and 5) a mixture of 125 mcg of 15(S)-methyl PGF2 alpha methyl ester plus 12.5 mcg of 15(S)-methyl PGE2 methyl ester. Overall, cervical dilatation was achieved in 111 patients (90%) for aspiration or curettage of the uterine contents. 10 more required mechanical dilatation as a supplement. More patients treated with 15-methyl PGF2 alpha analogs (groups 3 and 4) expelled the fetus before the scheduled time of evacuation compared with those treated with PGE2 analogs (groups 1 and 2) (42% and 22%, respectively). Only 8% (2 patients) of the mixture group (group 5) aborted. Side effects included vomiting, diarrhea, cold and shivering, and pyrexia. Incidence varied with analog; the mixture group (Group 5) had the lowest incidence of gastrointestinal side effects and pyrexia.
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PMID:Cervical dilatation with prostaglandin analogues prior to vaginal termination of first trimester pregnancy in nulliparous patients. 115 13

Of 34 non-bacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks which occurred at day-care centers, kindergartens, elementary and secondary schools in Tokyo during the period from February 1985 to June 1991, 28 outbreaks from which small round structured viruses (SRSV) were detected in the patients' stool specimens by electron microscopy were subjected to an epidemiological investigation. The outbreaks tended to occur frequently in the cold season; twenty-two (79%) of these outbreaks from November through April. Though detailed epidemiological informations was not obtained from all outbreaks, the common source of infection were presumed to be present in many of the outbreaks, judged from the incidence as to time course of patients. Food doubted to be incriminated as transmission vehicles in these outbreaks was served at schools, kindergartens, and lodgings. In some outbreaks, SRSV was detected from stool specimens of food handlers, or they were seroconverted to SRSV, suggesting that food was incriminated as a transmission vehicle. The symptoms of patients differ slightly from age to age: in the age range of 0 to 6 years, vomiting 90%, fever 41% and diarrhea 32%; in the 6 to 12 year-olds, nausea 61%, vomiting 48%, abdominal pain 65%, diarrhea 20% and fever 29%; and in the 12 to 15 year-olds, nausea 69%, vomiting 42%, abdominal pain 60%, diarrhea 30% and fever 34%. The lower the age of patient vomiting was more frequently observed. In these lower age groups, the frequency of nausea and vomiting tended to exceed that of diarrhea.
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PMID:[Outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis caused by small round structured viruses in Tokyo]. 133 Dec 65

Inhibitory effects on acute nausea and emesis, safety and usefulness of a single oral dose of Ondansetron tablet were evaluated in 3 different dose levels for comparison by telephone registration system, in patients receiving non-platinum anti-cancer drugs. A single dose of ondansetron at 4 mg, 8 mg or 12 mg was given orally at 2 hrs before the initial administration of anti-cancer drugs. The patients were observed for 24 hours after administration of anti-cancer drugs, for occurrence of nausea and emesis. Efficacy rates of inhibitory effects on nausea and emesis were 83.3% (10/12 cases) in 4 mg dose group, 78.6% (11/14 cases) in 8 mg dose group and 84.6% (11/13 cases) in 12 mg dose group, without statistically significant difference. Side effects were observed in 3 cases (headache, cold feeling and trembling in limbs, sleepiness) in 12 mg dose group, but these symptoms were not severe and disappeared after several hours or several days. No abnormality in clinical laboratory findings attributable to Ondansetron was observed. From the above, it was considered that Ondansetron was a clinically useful anti-emetic for nausea and emesis induced by non-platinum anti-cancer drugs and that 4 mg once daily was the optimal dose.
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PMID:[Examination of anti-emetic effect, safety and usefulness of single oral dose of ondansetron tablet in nausea and emesis induced by anti-cancer drugs--dose-finding study of ondansetron tablet in patients receiving non-platinum anti-cancer drugs]. 138 76

Due to its paramount adsorption capacity, activated charcoal is supposed to be the remedy of choice for binding a variety of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract. Hence it is surprising--at least according to the advice of German textbooks--that activated charcoal is only recommended for administration after time-consuming treatments like induced emesis and gastric lavage. Particularly with infants at home, a ready-for-use suspension of activated charcoal would allow the early management of acute poisoning. In such cases, inactivation of the poison by adsorption could be particularly helpful, since the period after ingestion is usually short. The charcoal-sorbitol-suspension (30 g activated charcoal in 150 ml of 70% sorbitol) is a creamy preparation which is easy to drink, because density and viscosity prevent sedimentation. The prescription-free drugs can be dispensed by each pharmacist. The present study was undertaken to investigate the influence of sorbitol on the adsorption capacity of activated charcoal. To this end, adsorption isotherms were established in vitro and compared with results in volunteers to whom NAPAP, diphenhydramine or codeine was administered separately. These drugs are gaining increasing importance in medicinal toxicology since they are constituents of various analgesics and cold remedies. To determine absorption, the cumulative urinary excretion was estimated of the parent drugs and their main metabolites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Oral administration of activated charcoal-sorbitol suspension as first aid in prevention of poison resorption?]. 181 18

The Chinese traditional drug "Hua Jiao" specified in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 1990 edition is the dried pericarp of ripe fruit of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. or Z. bungeanum Maxim., family Rutaceae. It has been used for epigastric pain accompanied by cold sensation, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain due to intestinal parasitosis, ascariasis and used externally for eczema. By the investigation of the drug resources in the main producing areas and distributing regions (Sichuan, Guangxi, Henan, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu and Shandong Provinces or Autonomous Regions), we found that there are pericarps derived from more than 18 spp. of Zanthoxylum used as drugs in China. In this paper, the morphological and histological characters of crude drugs derived from the following 8 species, viz. Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim., Z. schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc., Z. armatum DC., Z. simulans Hance, Z. avicennae (Lam.) DC., Z. ailanthoides Sieb. et Zucc., Z. molle Rehd. and Z. nitidum (Roxb.). DC. were described with illustrations. It was discovered that such features as the external characters of pericarp, the occurrence of hairs on fruit stalk, the presence and location of pigment and crystals of hesperidin, the thickness of the cell walls of endocarp and the presence and shape of nonglandular hairs on fruit stalk were important for the identification of these drugs.
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PMID:[Morphological and histological studies of Chinese traditional drug "hua jiao" (pericarpium zanthoxyli) and its allied drugs]. 182 95


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