Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

YK-176 is a newly isolated 2'-deoxycoformycin (DCF), a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, produced by Aspergillus nidulans. In a cooperative phase I study, YK-176 was administered to 22 patients, comprising 18 with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL), two with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), one with lymphoblastic lymphoma of T-cell type and one with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Doses of YK-176 ranged from 3.0 to 9.0 mg/m2 and were given intravenously for three consecutive days. General malaise, anorexia, nausea, vomiting and low grade fever were frequently encountered, but were transient and not dose-related. At all dose levels hematological toxicities were mild. Two of seven patients receiving 7.0 mg/m2 for three consecutive days developed hepatocellular enzyme elevations (grade 2) and one patient, proteinuria (grade 2). One of two patients given 9.0 mg/m2 for three consecutive days manifested a life-threatening (grade 4) disturbance of consciousness and dyspnea, presumably ascribable to the drug-related toxicity of YK-176. The results suggest that 7.0 mg/m2 i.v. for three consecutive days is the maximum acceptable dose of YK-176. Central nervous system, pulmonary and possibly renal toxicities appeared to be dose-limiting. Out of the 20 patients evaluable for therapeutic response, partial remissions were observed in four, three with ATL and one with CTCL, who received less than 7.0 mg/m2 for three consecutive days. We conclude that YK-176 is an active agent against ATL at doses that may not be associated with prohibitive toxicity. A starting dose of 5.0 mg/m2 for three consecutive days is recommended for further phase II studies on ATL.
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PMID:Phase I study of YK-176 (2'-deoxycoformycin) in patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. The DCF Study Group. 151 64

We have evaluated the clinical toxicity of Epirubicin 80 mg/m2 i.v., every 3 weeks in 58 patients with FIGO III-IV endometrial adenocarcinoma or squamous uterine cervix carcinoma. The median age of the whole group was 59 years (37-77); 37 patients were previously treated with radiotherapy and two with cisplatin based chemotherapy. The median KI at entry was 80. A total of 308 courses of chemotherapy were administered with a median of 5 per patient. Overall toxicity data shows that this dose level is associated with mild haematological toxicity with only two cases having grade 3 (WHO) leukopenia. Nine patients suffered emesis in spite of prophylactic therapy and were classified as grade 3. One case presented grade four diarrhoea but the relation with the antineoplastic treatment was uncertain. One woman with hepatic dysfunction at entry had grade 3 leukopenia, developed pneumonia and died. The median total cumulative dose of EPI was 360 mg/m2 (160-880) with 19 cases exposed to cumulative doses higher than 550 mg/m2. Congestive heart failure was not observed. Our data confirm the safety of EPI at these dose levels and suggest the possibility of developing new trials with higher doses of this anthracycline analog.
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PMID:Epirubicin: clinical toxicity during the phase II program in endometrial and cervical cancer. 154 98

Advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, lung, esophagus, and uterine cervix is still a challenging cancer to the medical practice. We have treated 23 such patients with a combination of cis-platinum, vincristine, and peplomycin. Cis-platinum was given at a dose of 60 mg/m2 on day 1, and 1.0 mg/m2 of vincristine was given on day 3, followed 6 hours later by peplomycin 10 mg/day by continuous infusion iv or sc over the next 5 days. This combination was given every 3 weeks. The overall response rate was 71% for 17 evaluable patients, including one complete response. The median duration of response and survival was 2 and 5 months, respectively. Six other patients with esophageal and cervical carcinoma were treated with two cycles of this combination followed by radical radiation therapy or surgery. Five of them achieved significant response prior to radical treatment. Major side effects were nausea, vomiting, alopecia, and mild myelotoxicity, which were acceptable. This regimen, with a high response rate and acceptable toxicity, warrants further investigation.
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PMID:Phase II trial of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cis-platinum), vincristine, and peplomycin for advanced squamous cell carcinoma. 244 Dec 7

Surgery and radiation therapy are major treatments for carcinoma of the uterine cervix. However, there has been little improvement in survival recently. Since 1982, we have introduced multiagent chemotherapy consisting of cis-platinum, vincristine and peplomycin (CVP) to control systemic disease and to do cytoreduction prior to operation and/or radiation therapy. Our results are as follows. Thirty-one patients have been treated with CVP. Among eleven patients initially treated with CVP, 7 patients responded well to this regimen alone, including three patients who entered complete clinical remission. This indicates that this regimen is effective against carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Two patients who were thought to be candidates for radical hysterectomy became able to have less extensive surgery following CVP treatment. It is difficult for this CVP combination to control bulky tumors within previously radiated fields, probably because of poor vascularity due to pelvic fibrosis caused by radiation. Metastatic disease were also able to be controlled by this combination especially in two patients with pulmonary metastases. Nausea, vomiting and mild myelosuppression were frequently encountered, but they were tolerated well by the patients. However, great care must be taken in using peplomycin when the cumulative dose becomes large.
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PMID:[Cis-platinum, vincristine and peplomycin (CVP) therapy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix]. 246 61

It is estimated that in 1988 there will be 12,900 cancers of the uterine cervix, representing 2.6% of cancers in women. Radiation therapy has been the primary mode of therapy/palliation; for the past 15-20 years survival results achieved with radiotherapy have plateaued. Attempts have been made to find agents to use with radiation aimed at decreasing recurrence and increasing survival. Phase II studies suggest cisplatin may be an excellent agent to combine with radiotherapy. This study was performed to evaluate the toxicity of this combination. Between December 10, 1980, and August 29, 1986, nine patients with advanced cervical cancer and poor prognosis and one patient with recurrent disease were enrolled. The Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) criteria for adverse effects were used in this study. Hematologic, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and skin parameters were examined. Most adverse criteria had a score of 2 or less. Grade 2 nausea/vomiting was the most frequent problem. Anemia was the next most frequent and was the most serious problem encountered. Overall, the toxicity was acceptable; therefore it seems appropriate to proceed to larger studies to evaluate efficacy.
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PMID:Advanced cervical cancer therapy: concurrent radiation therapy and cisplatin chemotherapy for advanced cervical cancer--a toxicity report. 258 27

A phase II study of 5-FU tablet for 52 patients with cancer of the uterine cervix was undertaken by a cooperative study group consisting of 13 institutions. The clinical response rate in 44 evaluable cases was 31.8% (CR: 3 cases, PR: 11 cases, MR: 2 cases, NC: 19 cases and PD: 9 cases). Efficacy rates of 5-FU tablet according to lesion sites were 44.4% in the uterine cervix, 42.9% in the vaginal wall and cut vaginal end, 25.0% in the lymph nodes and 16.7% in the lung. Histologically, the effectiveness rate was 26.9% for large-cell, non-keratinizing-type-carcinoma, 42.9% for small-cell, non-keratinizing-type, and 60.0% for the keratinizing-type of squamous cell carcinoma. One of three adenocarcinoma cases (33.3%) showed improvement. Some adverse effects were observed in 16 (32.0%) of 50 evaluable cases. A large proportion of the adverse effects were gastro-intestinal disorders, such as nausea, vomiting and anorexia. These results suggested that 5-FU tablet is a useful chemotherapeutic agent against carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
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PMID:[Phase II study of 5-FU tablets in cancer of the uterine cervix]. 360 56

4-demethoxydaunorubicin (4-dm DNR), a new analog of daunorubicin, was tested at an every 3-week dose schedule in 63 evaluable patients with various forms of disseminated malignancy. Utilizing the intravenous (i.v.) route of administration, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 15-18 mg/m2; with the oral route the MTD was 60 mg/m2. Myelosuppression represented the dose-limiting factor, and leukopenia was more often observed than thrombocytopenia. However, leukopenia was more frequently detected following i.v. administration while vomiting represented the most frequent toxic sign after oral administration. Loss of hair was moderate with either route of administration and comparatively less frequent and pronounced than that observed after doxorubicin (DX) and its analog 4'-epi-doxorubicin (4'-epi-DX). Aside from transient aspecific electrocardiographic changes recorded in 30% of patients, no cardiac toxicity was documented. Tumor response was documented in seven patients with malignant lymphomas, breast cancer, melanoma and carcinoma of uterine cervix. Two out of the seven responders achieved prolonged complete remission and four were resistant to doxorubicin. 4-dm DNR appears to be an analog worth further clinical trials.
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PMID:Phase I study of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin. 659 May 30

The Mallory-Weiss syndrome is a relatively infrequent cause of digestive tract bleeding and most cases have been described in alcoholics. Nonoperative management is frequently successful. We present here a case of sudden onset of wretching and vomiting after IV infusion of cis-platinum for recurrent carcinoma of the uterine cervix in which the patient had profuse hematemesis secondary to three posterior gastroesophageal tears requiring operative intervention after failure of nonsurgical management. This is an unusual complication of antineoplastic chemotherapy and its prevention is emphasize in this paper.
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PMID:Mallory-Weiss syndrome secondary to cis-platinum chemotherapy: an unusual complication. 720 84

The aim of this study was to assess acute toxicities of concurrent low-dose daily cisplatin and extended-field radiation therapy (EFRT) for carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Fifteen women with cervical cancer who were treated with concurrent daily low-dose cisplatin and EFRT were analyzed. Daily cisplatin dose was fixed to 8 mg/m(2), which was determined in the preceding phase I study using pelvic radiotherapy. Twelve patients underwent either combined external beam radiation therapy and intracavitary brachytherapy or external beam radiation therapy alone. Three other patients were treated with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after surgery. A total dose of EFRT ranged from 40 to 45 Gy, with an additional boost to the gross tumor volume up to 50.4-55 Gy. A median total dose of cisplatin during entire radiation therapy course was 224 mg/m(2) (range, 200-240 mg/m(2)). In 14 of 15 patients (93%), daily cisplatin could be delivered continuously as planned without any modification. Administration of cisplatin had to be interrupted in only one patient for only 3 days. Fourteen patients developed grade 2 or worse leukopenia including five after treatment, grade 2 in four, grade 3 in eight, and grade 4 in two. Grade 3 thrombocytopenia was observed in three patients. Grade 2 or worse anemia was observed in 12. Three patients had grade 3 nonhematologic toxicities, diarrhea in two, and nausea/vomiting in one. Although moderate to severe hematologic toxicities are common, this study suggests that concurrent low-dose daily cisplatin and EFRT are feasible. A cumulative cisplatin dose of greater than 200 mg/m(2) during radiation therapy could be achieved by using daily cisplatin dose of 8 mg/m(2).
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PMID:Concurrent daily cisplatin and extended-field radiation therapy for carcinoma of the cervix. 1746 53

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy using weekly nedaplatin for the treatment of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Nedaplatin at 30 mg/m(2) was administered weekly 6 times with a concurrent external beam and intracavity radiotherapy. External beam radiation was delivered with a fraction dose of 2 Gy per day for 5 days a week during a 5-week period and intracavitary brachytherapy, of which the fraction size is 6 Gy to point A, was given once a week for a total of 4 times using a remote after-loading system. Forty-five patients were enrolled in this trial between April 2003 and December 2006. Of the 45 patients, 40 (88.9%) completed the scheduled treatment and were evaluated for efficacy and safety. Of these, 4 were stage Ib2, 12 were stage IIb, 18 were stage IIIb and 6 were stage IVa. The age distribution ranged from 27 to 79 years with a median age of 58. The 40 patients achieved an objective response, 36 (90%) a complete response and 4 (10%) a partial response. At a median follow-up of 29 months (range, 8-52), the 3-year progression-free and overall survival were 58.7% (95% confidence interval, 42-75%) and 78.0% (95% confidence interval, 56-90.0%), respectively. Acute toxicities were transient and rendered non-lethal. Of the 45 patients enrolled for the trial, only 3 (6.7%) had grade 4 leukopenia and neutropenia, respectively. Grade 3 diarrhea and nausea/ vomiting were observed in 2 (4.4%) and 1 (2.2%), respectively. These results indicate that weekly nedaplatin of 30 mg/m(2) with concurrent radiotherapy is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
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PMID:A phase II multicenter trial of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly nedaplatin in advanced uterine cervical carcinoma: Tohoku Gynecologic Cancer Unit Study. 1849 64


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