Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 13-year old cat had 3-day duration of vomiting, lethargy, and anorexia. A complete blood count revealed a severe neutrophilia (126.9 x 10(3) cells/microl). Thoracic radiographs demonstrated a large solitary lung mass. A bone marrow aspirate documented myeloid hyperplasia. A left intercostal thoracotomy was performed and left cranial and caudal lung lobectomies were performed in order to remove the mass in its entirety. Histological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Following surgery, the severe neutrophilia began to decrease. It was in the normal range approximately 6 weeks postoperatively. The presence of a primary lung tumor combined with a mature neutrophilia with resolution following surgical resection suggests a paraneoplastic syndrome.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic leukocytosis with mature neutrophilia in a cat with pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma. 1554 72

Subjects were 15 patients--13 men and 2 women--with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, indicating total laryngectomy. Their median age was 62 years, ranging from 50 to 71 years. Three had stage III disease and 12 stage IV disease. These patients were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy and had been followed up for more than 2 years from the start of treatment. Primary sites were hypopharynx in 7, larynx in 6, or oropharynx in 2. Treatment consisted of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) on cis-platinum (CDDP). 5-FU was given at 1000 mg/m2 per day as continuous infusions during 4 days, and 60 mg/m2 of CDDP was given on day 4 beginning on day 1 and 35 of a concurrent chemoradiotherapy course. Radiation was given in single daily fractions of 2 Gy and 5 fractions per week to a total dose of 60 to 70 Gy. Radiation break was scheduled from day 26 to 35. The median total delivered dose of radiation was 66 Gy. Toxicities included mucositis (grade 3, 33.3%, grade 4, 13.3%), vomiting (grade 3, 33.3%), leukopenia (grade 3, 20%). Twelve PT (80%) received scheduled treatment. Seven (46.7%) had clinical complete response and 8 (53.3%) partial response. Median overall survival was 27.2 months (5.6-33.9 m) and progression-free survival was 26.5 months (5.6-33.9 m). The larynx was preserved and free of disease in 60% of patients overall. Two-year overall survival (OS) was 71.8% and progression free survival (PFS) rates was 60%. Failure patterns showed 5 with locoregional recurrence and 1 with distant metastasis. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy improved two-year OS and PFS compared to radiotherapy alone with a significant difference. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is thus effective in preserving the larynx in a high percentage of patients and improving two-year OS and PFS rates without compromising QOL.
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PMID:[Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with indication of total laryngectomy]. 1562 6

The majority of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are diagnosed early and cured using local treatment, although a minority of cases metastasize to regional structures. In this report the authors describe an unknown feature of skin SCC, namely, distant brain metastasis. This 54-year-old man, who had undergone surgery for moderately differentiated SCC of the dorsum (T2NOM0 stage), was admitted to our institution 11 months later with headache, vomiting, and ataxia. A magnetic resonance image documented a cerebellar lesion, which was totally removed. Results of histological studies revealed SCC. The patient received whole-brain radiotherapy (30 Gy over 2 weeks using a linear accelerator). A metastatic work-up showed enlarged inguinal and para-aortic lymph nodes that were histologically examined using excisional biopsy. Inguinal lymph nodes were tumor-positive and were dissected. The patient was subjected to two cycles of chemotherapy with cisplatin (75 mg/m2). After 3 months, a significant reduction in the size of the para-aortic lymph nodes was documented on control computerized tomography studies. Although the described case is unique, knowledge of the potential for this uncommon behavior in cutaneous SCC may be useful, especially because of its increasing incidence.
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PMID:Brain metastasis from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the dorsum. Case report. 1602 80

A Phase I study of docetaxel (DOC) and cisplatin (CDDP) combination therapy was conducted as second-line treatment for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in order to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of DOC, and the recommended dose (RD) for this combination therapy. Twenty patients with recurrence for whom failed first-line chemotherapy with CDDP and 5-FU proved in-effective (17 male, 3 female; age range 38-74 years; performance status 0=7, 1 =8, 2=5) were included in this study. DOC at dose level I (40 mg/m2), level II (50 mg/m2), level III (60 mg/m2) and level IV (70 mg/m2) was used, followed by CDDP administration at a fixed dose of 80 mg/m2. Originally, chemotherapy was repeated every 3 weeks. In level I, grade 4 hypokalemia occurred in one patient. No DLT occurred at level II. At level III, one patient experienced grade 4 vomiting. At level IV, grade 2 creatinine clearance decrease occurred in a total of two patients. The maximum tolerated dose in this combination therapy was DOC 70 mg/m2, and CDDP 80 mg/m2. The recommended dose for this combination therapy is DOC 60 mg/m2, and CDDP 80 mg/ m2. A multicenter cooperative phase II study in this RD is recommended.
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PMID:[A Phase I study of docetaxel and cisplatin for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck]. 1604 59

We report a carcinosarcoma of the pancreas in a 67-year-old woman who presented with nausea, vomiting, and painless jaundice. A work-up demonstrated a well-circumscribed mass in the head of the pancreas. After pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, the tumor was found to be grossly yellow, and it compressed the common bile duct and pancreatic duct. Histological examination of the neoplasm showed a 4.0 x 4.0 x 3.0-cm mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with invasive poorly differentiated carcinoma, well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and sarcomatous stroma invading into the duodenum. There was no evidence of nodal metastasis (pT3N0M0). Immunohistochemical studies showed that the epithelial cells stained positive for cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin AE1/3, cytokeratin monoclonal antibody 5.2, epithelial membrane antigen, M-carcinoembryonic antigen, and low-molecular-weight kininogen, and the sarcomatous component was immunoreactive with vimentin. The patient had an uneventful recovery, but died 4 months later of rapidly progressive metastatic disease to the liver and peritoneum. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case of carcinosarcoma with invasive epithelial and sarcomatous areas in the background of a mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of the pancreas arising in a mucinous cystic neoplasm. 1667 63

A 45-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed in 1996 with squamous cell cancer of the cervix following an abnormal Papanicolaou smear and subsequent diagnostic conization. She underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy and was found to have poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB1. She remained asymptomatic until 2003 when she presented with obstructive uropathy with acute renal failure and hydronephrosis, suspected to be from the recurrence of cervical cancer. This was confirmed when computerized tomography (CT)-guided lymph node biopsy showed squamous cell carcinoma of the para-aortic lymph nodes histologically consistent with the cervical primary. In addition, there was evidence of lumbar spine metastasis by positron emission tomography (PET) and bone scans. She received several courses of chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5FU), as well as radiation therapy. In July 2004, she was hospitalized for acute renal failure, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. CT of the abdomen identified widespread metastases in the liver, pancreatic head, and lumbar spine. During this hospitalization, she complained of severe scalp tenderness and patchy hair loss first noticed 3 days prior to presentation. On examination of her scalp, two patches of alopecia were observed (Fig. 1). In the largest patch, there was a 5 x 2.5-cm, tender, erythematous plaque with atrophy. In the smaller patch, there was a 2 x 1.5-cm, erythematous, scaly plaque. A punch biopsy of the larger patch revealed atypical epithelial cells in nests with intravascular involvement and diminished numbers of focally miniaturized hair follicles (Fig. 2a). The scalp specimen was histologically identical with biopsy specimens of the cervical primary (Fig. 2b). There was also seborrheic dermatitis, with thick greasy scale, noted on the scalp, which resolved with fluocinolone solution. The patient decided against further treatment for her advanced cervical cancer but did accept hydromorphone for pain. She died 3 months after admission.
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PMID:Cervical cancer metastasis to the scalp presenting as alopecia neoplastica. 1726 74

This report describes the morphologic and histologic features of a case of esophageal Gongylonema pulchrum infection and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a 17-yr-old, female vari (Lemur macaco variegates). The lemur had lived in a German zoo and had a clinical history of dyspnea, vomiting, and anorexia. At necropsy, a whitish, soft, nodular, centrally necrotic mass was found in the caudal third of the esophagus. In addition, numerous intraepithelial nematodes (G. pulchrum) were observed in the entire esophagus. Results suggest a relation between infection with G. pulchrum and development of an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Gongylonema pulchrum infection and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a vari (Lemur macaco variegata; Kehr 1792). 1732 83

Unresectable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), non-metastatic, comprises a heterogeneous group of patients (pts), formed of stage III and IV pts. Since the available literature had not distinguished among these two groups, we prospectively addressed whether the recommended regimen involving cisplatin 100 mg/m2 concurrent to conventionally delivered radiotherapy (RT) is feasible in stage IV pts, based on the efficacy and safety of this regimen. A total of 30 pts were enrolled onto this study. Chemoradiation (CRT) consisted of RT 70 Gy, delivered in 35 daily fractions of 2 Gy, in 7 weeks, concurrent to cisplatin 100 mg/m2 on days 1, 22 and 43. Supportive treatment was provided as needed. Twenty-eight pts had tumors staged as T4 and 20 had N2 or N3 cervical involvement. The most common primary sites were the oral cavity and the oropharynx (23 pts). We observed six complete responses and 12 partial responses, with an overall response rate of 60%. A high rate of treatment-related toxicities was observed, with three deaths during CRT, and 26 pts suffering from one or more grade 3/4 toxicities, mainly dysphagia, mucositis, dermatitis, vomiting, infection or anemia. A prolonged treatment time was observed (63 days), as a result of unplanned treatment breaks. The lack of requirement of red blood cell transfusion was favorably related to the response to the treatment (93% vs. 50%, P=0.033). For the whole population, with a median follow-up of 20.8 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.0 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 17.3 months. Longer median PFS and OS were seen in responding pts (12.8 vs. 4.1 months, P=0.0001; and not reached (NR) vs. 10.4 months, P=0.0037, respectively), as well as in those pts not requiring red blood cell transfusion (12.8 vs. 3.9 months, P=0.0162; and NR vs. 10.4 months, P=0.0176, respectively). In conclusion, this concurrent CRT regimen is hardly delivered in stage IV, unresectable, locally advanced HNSCC pts, due to treatment-related toxicities and longer RT duration. As a subset of pts may benefit from this regimen, adequate patient selection and aggressive supportive measures are essential.
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PMID:High-dose cisplatin concurrent to conventionally delivered radiotherapy is associated with unacceptable toxicity in unresectable, non-metastatic stage IV head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. 1764 56

Subjects were 34 patients, 32 men and 2 women, with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, with a median age of 63 years (range, 47 to 72 year). Subsites were the lateral wall in 18, anterior wall in 10, posterior wall in 5 and superior wall in 1. Nine had stage III disease and 25 had stage IV disease. Nineteen cases were resectable and 15 cases were unresectable. The patients were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The treatment regimen consisted of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CDDP). 5-FU was given at 1000mg/m2 per day as a continuous infusion over 4 days, and CDDP was given at 60mg/m2 on day 4 after the start of 5-FU administration. Two courses of chemotherapy were administered, on day 1 and day 35. Radiation was given at a single daily fraction of 2Gy and 5 fractions per week were administered up to a total dose of 58 to 70Gy. Radiation break was scheduled from day 26 to 35. The median total delivered dose of radiation was 66Gy. Toxicities included mucositis (grade 3, 23.6%, grade 4, 38.2%), vomiting (grade 3, 14.7%) and leukopenia (grade 3, 20.6%). Twenty-eight patients (82.3%) received the treatment as scheduled. Seven (22.6%) showed a complete response and 22 (70.9%) showed partial response. The mean overall survival rate was 23 months (4.5-73.5) and progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 20 months (4.5-71.3). The two-year preservation rate of the oropharynx without recurrence was 45.0%. The two-year overall survival (OS) rate was 57.1% and PFS rate was 55.1%. Significant differences among groups were observed in the two-year overall survival and progression-free survival rate, as follows: 84.6% and 88.8%, respectively, in the resectable cases, and 33.3% and 26.7%, respectively, in the unresectable cases, and 60.6% and 63.2%, respectively, in the T2 + 3 cases and 40.0% and 0%, respectively in the T4 cases. Failure patterns were noted in 15 cases with locoregional recurrence in 14 and other disease in one. Based on the results it is concluded that concurrent chemoradiotherapy is effective for preserving the oropharynx in a high percentage of patients and for improving the two-year OS and PFS rates without compromising the QOL.
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PMID:[Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx]. 1796 98

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of an oral fluoropyrimidine anticancer agent, S-1, in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Patients with pathologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma and at least one measurable lesion were enrolled. Oral administration of S-1 (40 mg/m2 twice daily) for 28 days was followed by a 14-day rest period. A total of 41 consecutive eligible patients were enrolled in the study between October 2002 and August 2004. The sites of the primary tumor were the gingiva (n=18), the tongue (n=12), the palate (n=5), the oral floor (n=4), the buccal mucosa (n=1), and the labial mucosa (n=1). A median of two cycles of treatment (range, 1-5) was administered. A complete response was achieved in nine patients and a partial response in eight patients, for an overall response rate of 41.5% (95% confidence interval, 26.4-56.5%). The 3-year survival rate was 76.4% (95% confidence interval, 62.8-90.0%). Although grade 3 anemia and anorexia occurred in two patients each (4.9%), and grade 3 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, and diarrhea in one patient each (2.4%), no grade 4 toxicities were observed. S-1 exhibits definite antitumor activity in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and is well tolerated.
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PMID:Multi-institutional phase II trial of S-1 in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. 1804 33


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