Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A cooperative phase II study of cisplatin in head and neck cancer was conducted in 23 institutions. Eighty-nine patients were entered into this trial, of which 73 were evaluable. Two different regimens were employed in this study. Regimen A: cisplatin 10 mg/m2 intravenous (i.v.) infusion daily, days 1-5, q 3 wk. Regimen B: cisplatin 50 mg/m2 i.v. infusion, day 1, q 3 wk. Two patients achieved complete response and 17 achieved partial response with an overall response rate of 26.0%. By histological types, the response rate was 26.3% in the case of squamous cell carcinoma. Partial response were observed in 2 cases of adenocarcinoma and in one case each of adenoid cystic carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma. The response rate was 19.4% for previously treated patients, as compared to 63.6% for the previously untreated group. Toxic effects were observed in 94.7% of 76 evaluable cases. From 50 to 68% of patients experienced nausea, vomiting and anorexia. No patient exhibited a serum creatinine level exceeding 2 mg/dl. Anemia and leukopenia were observed in 58.9% and 32.9% respectively. It is therefore concluded that cisplatin is markedly useful for the treatment of head and neck cancer.
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PMID:[A cooperative phase II study of cisplatin in patients with head and neck cancer]. 300 63

Forty-three patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy regimen comprising etoposide 100 mg/m2 p.o. days 1-5, mitomycin C 10 mg/m2 i.v. day 1 and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, every 4 weeks. The median age was 61, and the median initial PS-2. Fourteen patients had received prior therapy. The response rates in previously untreated patients were 25% (5/20) for adenocarcinoma, 0% (0/4) for squamous cell carcinoma, 0% (0/3) for large cell carcinoma, and 18.5% (5/27) for all patients. There were no responders among the pretreated patients. The median survival time was 7 months for previously untreated patients, 4 months for pretreated patients and 6 months for all patients. Patients with adenocarcinoma survived significantly longer (8 months) than those with squamous cell carcinoma (4 months) and large cell carcinoma (3 months). Toxicity consisted of leukopenia (74%), anemia (74%), nausea or vomiting (55%) and alopecia (94%).
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy with etoposide, mitomycin C, and cyclophosphamide in advanced non-small cell lung cancer]. 301 45

Combination chemotherapy with CDDP and 5-FU was performed in 19 patients with evaluable head and neck cancer and 2 CR patients and 7 PR patients were obtained; thus the response rate was 47.4%. Histologically, the present therapy is considered to be especially effective against well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (83.3%). The present therapy is considered to be useful as a neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (75.0%), but it is desirable to perform at least 2 courses of treatment. The side effects observed were nausea, vomiting, anemia, leukocytopenia and alopecia, etc., and most of them were reversible. However, there were 2 patients in which the continuation of chemotherapy was impossible due to renal disorders.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with CDDP and 5-FU in head and neck cancer. 302 Oct 95

Chemotherapeutic regimens containing Cisplatin are the most effective in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Because of the high rate of dose-limiting side effects of Cisplatin, Carboplatin, a second generation Cisplatin analog, was tested in a phase II trial with 5-FU on 55 previously untreated patients with advanced carcinoma of the head and neck. The results of the completed study are: 33% CR, 54% PR, 10% NR and 4% PD. Toxic side effects were tolerable myelotoxicity as with Cisplatin/5FU, mild nausea, vomiting and nephrotoxicity. No ototoxicity was seen. Most patients showed better performance status after chemotherapy with increased body weight. These results indicate that Carboplatin/5-FU is more effective and has milder side effects than Cisplatin/5-FU.
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PMID:[Results of a phase II study with the new cytostatic drug carboplatin in combination with 5-fluorouracil in the primary treatment of advanced squamous cell cancers of the head and neck]. 306 15

Twenty-seven patients with assessable, regionally advanced, or metastatic upper aerodigestive cancer of diverse histology received a combination of mitomycin C, adriamycin, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum. All patients had previously received extensive surgery and/or radiation therapy. We observed an overall 46% partial response rate (12/26). This included seven of 15 (47%) responders with squamous cell carcinoma. Six of those seven patients responded within the initial month of treatment. For all study participants, the median time to progression and survival was 3.8 months and 7.3 months, respectively. Moderate-to-severe nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and alopecia were the most common toxicities. Myelosuppression (WBC less than 4,100 cells/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (PLTS less than 130,000 cells/mm3) occurred in 100% and 71% of the 21 patients with nadir data recorded, respectively. There were no episodes of sepsis nor did we detect any meaningful impairment in renal function. This regimen is active in the previously treated head and neck cancer patient and can be conveniently administered on an outpatient basis with acceptable and manageable side effects.
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PMID:A phase II clinical trial of the combination mitomycin C, adriamycin, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in patients with advanced upper aerodigestive cancer. 309 35

136 patients with previously untreated stage III or IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck entered a prospective randomized trial to compare the efficacy and toxicity of DDP vs DDP-VP 16 213 (Etoposide). 69 patients (group A) were given three courses of DDP 100 mg/m2 administered on day 1, while 67 patients (group B) were given three courses of a combination of Etoposide 100 mg/m2 per os administered on days 1 to 5 and DDP 100 mg/m2 on day 4. Objective response rate appeared to be low in both groups: in group A (60 evaluated patients) CR = 1, PR = 9; CR + PR = 14.5%, and in group B (57 evaluated patients) CR = 3, PR = 8; CR + PR = 16.4% (p greater than 0.4). One drug-related death occurred in each group. There was no difference in toxicity between the two treatments with regard to leukopenia, thrombopenia, vomiting and nephrotoxicity. Thus this schedule of oral Etoposide does not seem to increase either the efficacy or the toxicity of DDP.
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PMID:A phase III of cisplatinum versus cisplatinum-etoposide for previously untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. 330 1

Thirty patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with an outpatient schedule: cisplatin (100 mg/m2) day 1 and an 8-hour infusion of 5-fluorouracil (1000 mg/m2) on days 1-4 every 28 days. Twenty-eight patients were evaluable for response and toxicity: there were 5 complete responses (17.8%), 12 partial responses (42.8%), 6 stable disease (21.6%) and 5 progressions (17.8%). Patients with good performance status had a better response; patients who received prior chemotherapy had less positive responses. Median remission duration was 30+ weeks in patients who had a complete response, 25+ weeks in patients with a partial response. Median overall survival was 28+ weeks: 36+ weeks for responders and 14 weeks for non-responders. The major toxic effect was nausea/vomiting, while myelosuppression and stomatitis were less frequent and never severe.
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PMID:Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in recurrent head and neck cancer: results of an outpatient schedule. 339 16

A phase II study of 5-FU tablet for 52 patients with cancer of the uterine cervix was undertaken by a cooperative study group consisting of 13 institutions. The clinical response rate in 44 evaluable cases was 31.8% (CR: 3 cases, PR: 11 cases, MR: 2 cases, NC: 19 cases and PD: 9 cases). Efficacy rates of 5-FU tablet according to lesion sites were 44.4% in the uterine cervix, 42.9% in the vaginal wall and cut vaginal end, 25.0% in the lymph nodes and 16.7% in the lung. Histologically, the effectiveness rate was 26.9% for large-cell, non-keratinizing-type-carcinoma, 42.9% for small-cell, non-keratinizing-type, and 60.0% for the keratinizing-type of squamous cell carcinoma. One of three adenocarcinoma cases (33.3%) showed improvement. Some adverse effects were observed in 16 (32.0%) of 50 evaluable cases. A large proportion of the adverse effects were gastro-intestinal disorders, such as nausea, vomiting and anorexia. These results suggested that 5-FU tablet is a useful chemotherapeutic agent against carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
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PMID:[Phase II study of 5-FU tablets in cancer of the uterine cervix]. 360 56

The efficacy of two chemotherapy regimens for recurrent and inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is reported. All patients had failed prior surgery and/or radiotherapy. 23 patients (group A) were treated with Cisplatin 120 mg/m2 and Adriamycin 60 mg/m2. 21/23 were evaluable for tumour response. The overall response rate (RR) was 28.5% (6/21, 2 CR and 4 PR). Methotrexate 250 mg/m2 with Leucovorin-Rescue 5 X 10 mg/m2 and 5-Fluorouracil 600 mg/m2 were administered to 28 patients. In 26 evaluable patients a RR of 38.4% (10/26, 5 CR and 5 PR) was achieved. The responders in groups A and B had a median survival of 98 and 85.5 weeks respectively and the non-responders 27 weeks in both groups. Nausea, vomiting and alopecia were common and severe in the DDP/ADM group. The major toxic effect of MTX/5-FU was neutropenia with two associated deaths from septicemia, although subjective side-effects were almost completely absent. MTX/5-FU can be recommended for the palliative treatment of recurrent squamous head and neck cancer because of an acceptable response rate, good subjective tolerance and the possibility of outpatient treatment.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy of recurrent squamous cell carcinomas in the ENT area with cisplatin/adriamycin (DDP/ADM) and methotrexate/5-fluorouracil (MTX/5-Flu): a retrospective comparison of 2 protocols]. 374 8

A 56-year-old man with submucosal esophageal carcinoma combined with esophageal leiomyoma is presented. He had suffered from progressive dysphagia and vomiting. X-ray and endoscopic examination revealed severe stenosis of the lower esophagus with smooth mucosa, and CT scan demonstrated a circular and localized tumor. The histological diagnosis of esophageal leiomyoma was made by means of surgical biopsy. Resection of the lower esophagus and upper stomach was performed. But the postoperative pathological examination revealed submucosal esophageal squamous cell carcinoma combined with esophageal leiomyoma. The etiology and diagnosis in this case were discussed.
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PMID:[A surgical case of submucosal esophageal carcinoma with esophageal leiomyoma misdiagnosed as esophageal]. 374 55


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