Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A Phase II trial of high-dose chlorambucil at 108 mg/m2 was undertaken in non-small cell lung cancer. No complete or partial objective responses were observed, and significant toxicity, including nausea, vomiting, and seizures, was noted. Chlorambucil at this dose and schedule of administration is not recommended for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
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PMID:A phase II trial of chlorambucil in non-small cell lung cancer. 282 10

Survival of patients who have clinical stage IIIM0 non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma remains relatively short despite treatment with either surgery or radiation. Results from a phase II study of simultaneous continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and split-course radiation with or without surgery indicate that median survival duration in patients treated with this combined modality approach may be better than the median survival for patients treated with radiation alone. Etoposide has been added to this regimen, and 32 stage IIIM0 non-small cell lung cancer patients have been treated with the 3-drug regimen resulting in a 73% clinical partial remission rate. No residual tumor was found in 6 of 12 patients who had pulmonary resection after 4 courses of chemotherapy and radiation. The sites of failure in 8 patients with recurrent disease are as follows: local only, 3; distant only, 4; and local and distant, 1. The major toxicities have been leukopenia, nausea, and vomiting. The median leukocyte nadir was 2,400/mm3. A leukocyte count less than 1,000/mm3 was observed in 2 patients (7%), 1 of whom died of progressive pneumonia. All patients experienced nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Severe esophagitis, dermatitis, and pneumonitis were not observed. Survival analysis has not been done because median follow-up time (326 days) is relatively short.
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PMID:Phase II trial of therapy with etoposide, 5-fluorouracil by continuous infusion, cisplatin, and simultaneous split-course radiation in stage III non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. 283 68

Mitomycin, ifosfamide and cis-platin are three of the most active single agents in the chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer. We have combined them for a phase 2 study in patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. The regimen ('MIC') comprised: mitomycin 6 mg m-2, ifosfamide 3 g m-2 and cis-platin 50 mg m-2, with routine use of lorazepam, dexamethasone and high dose metoclopramide for anti-emesis. Seventy-four ambulatory patients with untreated, limited (LD) or extensive (ED) disease have entered this study, and 66 are evaluable for response. Thirty patients (45%) have achieved partial remission and 7 (11%) complete remission, as assessed radiologically. The overall response rate is thus 56% (95% confidence interval 44%-68%). There have been 29/43 responses in LD (67%, 95% CI 53%-81%) and 8/23 in ED (35%, 95% CI 15%-55%). The median response duration, measured from the start of treatment is 8.75 months. The median survival for the whole group is 9.2 months. The principal toxicity was nausea and vomiting which was severe or prolonged (greater than 48 h) for one or more courses, in 9% of patients. Performance status (PS) and weight were assessed before, and 3 weeks after the last course of chemotherapy. Fifteen (of 31 evaluable) responders improved their PS and only 1 responder deteriorated. Twenty-one of the 28 evaluable non-responders had no change in PS. The difference in PS change between responders and non-responders is highly significant (P = 0.002). Thirty evaluable responders experienced a mean increase in weight of 2.9% with treatment, whereas 24 evaluable non-responders had a mean weight loss of 3.8%. This change is also highly significant (P = 0.0013). MIC is clearly a well tolerated regime and among the most active combinations in non-small cell lung cancer. It will now be tested in a randomized trial against no chemotherapy.
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PMID:Mitomycin, ifosfamide and cis-platin in non-small cell lung cancer: treatment good enough to compare. 284 24

In a randomized trial, patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer with limited disease were randomly given either radiotherapy (42 Gy) or combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, 70 mg/m2, and etoposide, 100 mg/m2, given every third week with a maximum of 4 cycles. The patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire concerning psychosocial well-being, medical and treatment related symptoms, physical function and everyday activity. Of the chemotherapy patients 61% reported nausea 5 weeks after their last chemotherapy session and 44% had spells of vomiting. Only 14% of the radiotherapy patients had nausea and 5% vomited 14 weeks after start of treatment. Of the radiotherapy patients 64% experienced dysphagia compared to 8% of the chemotherapy patients 6 weeks after the start of treatment.
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PMID:Toxicity, physical function and everyday activity reported by patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer in a randomized trial (chemotherapy versus radiotherapy). 284 61

Carboplatin, a cisplatin analog without significant clinical nephrotoxicity, has been evaluated in the treatment of 56 patients with small cell lung carcinoma at a dose of 300-400 mg/m2 iv monthly in a phase II study. Twenty-three patients (41%) achieved a response, including five (9%) complete remissions. Of 30 previously untreated patients, 18 (60%) achieved a response, including three (10%) complete remissions. Median response duration was 4.5 months (range, 2-9). No nephrotoxicity was seen and hydration was not required. Nausea or vomiting occurred in only 24 patients (43%) and was rarely severe. Myelosuppression was dose-limiting: 20 patients (36%) developed leukopenia and eight (14%) developed thrombocytopenia, but leukopenic infections occurred in only three patients. Carboplatin is a very active new agent in the treatment of small cell lung cancer, with less toxicity and better tolerance than cisplatin. It merits further investigation in combination chemotherapy and against non-small cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Carboplatin: a very active new cisplatin analog in the treatment of small cell lung cancer. 298 20

Ninety patients with stage-3 non-small cell lung cancer were given vindesine (3 mg/sq m) plus mitomycin (10 mg/sq m). Data on response are available for 84 adequately treated individuals (93 percent). For patients who had received no prior chemotherapy, the rate of major objective response was 36 percent (20/55). For previously treated patients the rate of major response was 17 percent (5/29). The drugs were routinely administered in the outpatient department without difficulty. Moderate or severe myelosuppression, neurotoxic, nephrotoxic, or pulmonary toxic effects, nausea, and vomiting occurred in less than 15 percent of all studied patients. Three-drug extravasation ulcerations occurred in 1,129 administrations of chemotherapy (0.3 percent). There were two treatment-related deaths, one from sepsis and one from the combination of mitomycin-induced pulmonary and renal toxic effects. The combination of vindesine plus mitomycin is an active, well-tolerated outpatient regimen for patients with non-small cell lung cancer who have not previously received chemotherapy. Further trials are warranted to compare this regimen to other active combinations and to use it as a component of a program of treatment using alternating regimens of chemotherapy.
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PMID:Trial of vindesine plus mitomycin in stage-3 non-small cell lung cancer. An active regimen for outpatient treatment. 298 52

Forty-three patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy regimen comprising etoposide 100 mg/m2 p.o. days 1-5, mitomycin C 10 mg/m2 i.v. day 1 and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, every 4 weeks. The median age was 61, and the median initial PS-2. Fourteen patients had received prior therapy. The response rates in previously untreated patients were 25% (5/20) for adenocarcinoma, 0% (0/4) for squamous cell carcinoma, 0% (0/3) for large cell carcinoma, and 18.5% (5/27) for all patients. There were no responders among the pretreated patients. The median survival time was 7 months for previously untreated patients, 4 months for pretreated patients and 6 months for all patients. Patients with adenocarcinoma survived significantly longer (8 months) than those with squamous cell carcinoma (4 months) and large cell carcinoma (3 months). Toxicity consisted of leukopenia (74%), anemia (74%), nausea or vomiting (55%) and alopecia (94%).
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy with etoposide, mitomycin C, and cyclophosphamide in advanced non-small cell lung cancer]. 301 45

In all, 171 patients with histologically verified non-small cell lung carcinoma were treated with ifosfamide 2.0 g/m2 on days 1-5 in combination with (91 patients) etoposide 120 mg/m2 on day 1. Therapeutic regimens were repeated after 4 weeks. Supportive treatment with mesna (20% of the ifosfamide doses at 0, 4, and 8 h) was performed. Cisplatin treatment was supported by mannitol-induced diuretic hydration. The overall response rate of ifosfamide/etoposide was calculated to be 27%, with 1 complete and 24 partial remissions. The median survival time for all patients was 8.5 months, for responders 14 months (P less than 0.05), for patients with no change 9.5 months, and for patients with tumor progression 4 months. With ifosfamide/cisplatin, there were 4 complete and 21 partial remissions (response rate 35%). The median survival time for all patients was 8.3 months, for responders 11.5 months, and for patients with tumor progression 4 months. Age, sex, and histological tumor type had no significant effect on survival. Patients with better performance stage and limited disease lived significantly longer. The main side-effects of the cisplatin combination were vomiting, bone marrow depression, and neuropathy. The etoposide combination was tolerated better. Urotoxicity was not significant, as a consequence of treatment with mesna. The results show that the combination ifosfamide/etoposide or ifosfamide/cisplatin are effective in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, being comparable to other combinations of etoposide/cisplatin and vindesine/cisplatin. Because of the better tolerability, the combination ifosfamide/etoposide is superior to cisplatin combinations.
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PMID:Experience with ifosfamide combinations (etoposide or DDP) in non-small cell lung cancer. 302 62

A phase II study of UFT (a mixture of uracil and tegafur; molar ratio of uracil to tegafur = 4) was undertaken in 21 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). UFT was administered orally at a dose of 400 mg/m2 every day, for more than four weeks. Of 16 adequately treated patients, one (6.3%) showed a partial response. Toxic effects included minimal myelosuppression, anorexia, nausea, vomiting and epigastralgia. Gastrointestinal toxicity was well tolerated. Considering the poor response and mild toxicity, a further phase II study of higher-dose UFT is necessary for patients without prior therapy.
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PMID:Phase II study of UFT in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 309 Mar 13

Twenty-nine patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer were treated as out-patients with vindesine and mitomycin C. Eight patients had a complete response, and nine a partial response. Response was generally associated with either stable or improving ECOG and symptom scores. The incidence of serious side-effects was low--only two patients' white cell count fell below 3000 cells/mm2, only one patient's platelet count fell below 100,000 cells/mm2, and two patients developed vomiting associated with treatment. The combination of vindesine and mitomycin C appears to be effective in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. Side effects were generally well tolerated and allowed out-patient treatment.
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PMID:Vindesine and mitomycin C in inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. 377 54


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