Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The importance of maintaining the cancer patient's nutritional status is now recognized as a major part of the medical care. It is necessary for the oncology team to be aware of the psychological and physiological factors that interfere with food acceptance so that the correct food can be offered at the right time in the most palatable form. The oral route is the preferred method of feeding, and nutritional supplements, chosen according to the individual patient's needs, are of great value in assuring an adequate oral intake. Diagnostic tests and therapy are frequent causes of disruption of the meal schedule and the dietary service must be flexible in providing the patient an opportunity to make up for missed meals. Taste disturbance, nausea, vomiting and mucositis caused by therapy may necessitate periods of intravenous hyperalimentation. Food aversions due to therapy can frequently be prevented by avoiding new or unusual foods in the hours before chemotherapy or irradiation. Regular nutrition counseling during clinic visits and/or hospitalization permits diet modification for specific therapeutic needs. The ultimate goal is the prevention of wasting and debilitation due to malnutrition in the cancer patient.
Cancer 1979 May
PMID:Oral feedings in the cancer patient. 10 86

Thirty-four patients resistant to cyclophosphamide and Adriamycin received hexamethylmelamine at one of two dose regimens: 6 mg/kg/day orally for 21 days every 4 weeks or 8 mg/kg/day orally for 21 days every 6 weeks. Only five patients responded. Tolerance to the drug was, however, satisfactory; nausea, pyrosis, and vomiting were the only frequent side effects. Myelosuppression occurred in only one case.
Cancer Treat Rep 1979 Aug
PMID:Hexamethylmelamine in ovarian cancer resistant to cyclophosphamide and adriamycin. 11 96

Twenty-two cancer patients were treated with streptozotocin (SZN) in six weekly intravenous doses of 1.0-1.5 g/m2. The results of the initial courses of therapy include 3 complete and 2 partial responses, 11 patients with no change, 4 with progression, and 2 deaths due to tumor progression. Three additional deaths also due to tumor progression occurred in previously responding patients. All responses were in patients with pancreatic tumor. Toxicity consisted of transient proteinuria in 11/15 patients, transient azotemia in 11/18 patients, marked reduction of creatinine clearance in 1 patient, burning pain at site of injection, nausea, and vomiting in 20/22 patients, change of FBS from pretherapy to post-therapy of at least 10 mg/100 ml in 11/17 patients, significantly decreased platelet count in 1/22 patients, decreased Hgb in 2/22 patients, and duodenal ulcer in 2/22 patients. A reduced dosage schedule and combination with other drugs known to be effective in pancreatic tumors deserves further investigations.
Cancer 1975 Feb
PMID:Streptozotocin therapy in 22 cancer patients. 12 12

Neocarzinostatin is a new anticancer drug developed by Japanese investigators. In order to delineate the potential usefulness of this drug, we have reviewed the preclinical data and summarized the Japanese clinical data on 462 patients. The bulk of these patients had carcinoma of the stomach or pancreas and acute leukemia. Neocarzinostatin was administered intravenously in a daily dose of 2-3 mg for five to 15 day periods. Significant antitumor activity was observed in acute leukemia. A few responses were also reported in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but the drug was inactive against gastric carcinoma. The side effects observed included nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, fever, and occasional hypersensitivity reactions. The Investigational Drug Branch of the National Cancer Institute has recently sponsored an investigational new drug application with the Food and Drug Administration, and phase I studies are expected to begin soon in the United States.
 ...
PMID:Neocarzinostatin (NSC 157365) a new cancerostatic compound. 14 Oct 12

Calusterone was given at a dose of 200 mg daily to 45 postmenopausal patients with advanced metastatic breast cancer. Of the 40 evaluable patients, 11 were unable to tolerate the drug because of severe toxicity. Objective regression of soft tissue disease and relief of bone pain were seen in four patients (9.1%) for an average duration of 15.2 weeks. Thirteen patients showed an arrest of disease progression. In 12 patients the lesions continued to progress in spite of therapy. Toxic effects consisting of nausea, vomiting, fluid retention, SGOT elevation, and androgenic side effects were seen in 33 patients (75%), necessitating discontinuation of the drug in 11 (25%).
Cancer Treat Rep
PMID:Calusterone therapy for advanced breast cancer. 14 27

Neocarzinostatin (NCS) is an antibiotic from streptomyces carzinostaticus which inhibits DNA synthesis. Clinical trials in Japan began in 1971. NCS is active against S-180, Ehrlich tumor, L1210, Yoshida sarcoma, and a range of ascitic hepatomas. In rabbit NCS is distributed at high concentrations in the kidney, skin, stomach, pancreas, lung, and muscles. The high distribution in the pancreas and the stomach suggested possible effectiveness in human tumors at these sites. In clinical studies NCS has been shown to be active against acute leukemia. As a single agent 9 out of 51 obtained a CR with 9 more achieving a PR. Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting were the most frequent side effects. NCS has been tried in combination with Ara-C, daunorubicin and prednisolone and CR was ssen in 11 out of 14. In stomach cancer responses of some kind were observed in 12 out of 141 cases, while in the case of pancreatic tumors there were 10 out of 68.
Recent Results Cancer Res 1978
PMID:Clinical investigations of neocarzinostatin in Japan. 15 99

Twenty-three children with advanced cancer refractory to conventional therapy received weekly iv doses of neocarzinostatin for 5 weeks. Doses were escalated from 500 to 6750 units/m2/week. Four types of toxic manifestations occurred: acute reactions consisting of shaking chills with or without fever and cyanosis (rigor), hypersensitivity, vomiting, and marrow depression. Evidence of oncolytic activity was limited to patients with acute leukemia in whom phase II trials at doses between 3000 and 4500 units/m2 appear warranted.
Cancer Treat Rep 1978 Dec
PMID:Phase I study of neocarzinostatin in children with cancer. 15 67

Streptozotocin (STZ) has shown antitumor activity against various tumors in man, but the clinical usefulness of this drug has been limited, mainly because of renal and gastrointestinal toxicity. Nineteen patients with advanced cancer of various types were given a mean dose of 3.4 g/m2 of STZ by continuous iv infusion over 5-6 days each month for one or two monthly cycles. Basic serum and urine studies were performed immediately before and after each treatment cycle. Following STZ treatment, no significant changes in BUN or creatinine were seen. Four patients in whom initial tests for proteinuria were negative developed grade 1 or 2+ proteinuria after completion of the treatment cycle. No myelosuppression or renal failure was observed. Six patients had no nausea or vomiting, seven patients had nausea only, three patients had nausea and vomiting which were well-controlled with antiemetics, and three patients had uncontrollable nausea and vomiting. Confusion, lethargy, and depression were noted in five patients who had no prior central nervous system abnormalities; these effects appeared during treatment or in the immediate posttreatment period. Two patients with diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma had complete remission, while several other patients had documented improvement. Although central nervous system toxicity may be a limiting factor, prolonged STZ infusions may have significant clinical promise.
Cancer Treat Rep
PMID:Continuous streptozotocin infusion: a phase I study. 16 Aug 36

5-(3,3-Dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide (NSC-45388) was administered to 46 children with various solid tumors which were resistant to conventional therapy. Two or more courses of NSC-45388 were administered to 13 of 18 children with neuroblastoma, seven of 11 children with rhabdomyosarcoma, three of four children with Wilms' tumor, one of three children with Ewing's tumor, and six of ten children with miscellaneous neoplastic disorders. Major toxic effects included nausea, vomiting, decreased hemoglobin level, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia. A therapeutic regimen of 200-450 mg/m2/day for 5 consecutive days can be administered safely every 22 days. Objective responses were observed in three children with neuroblastoma and in one child with rhabdomyosarcoma. This drug has minimal but definite activity as a single agent in children with advanced neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma and should be evaluated further in combination therapy.
Cancer Chemother Rep
PMID:5-(3,3-Dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide (NSC-45388) in the treatment of solid tumors in children. 16 36

Twenty patients with pathologically proved non-resectable bronchogenic carcinoma were treated with 100 aerosolized BCG (Tice strain) doses in addition to conventional treatment. The procedure is based on findings that, generally BCG must be closely associated with neoplastic cells to be effective as an immunotherapeutic agent. Bronchogenic malignancy, usually of mucosal origin, is logically treated in this manner. We report here the findings and developments of 10 patients who were treated at least five times each (for a total of 81 treatments) and pertinent experience relating to these and another 10 patients treated a total of 19 times. Local and systemic reactions were frequent and consisted of fever, cough, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and malaise. Four of the 20 patients (20%) had reactions with the first treatment; by the fourth treatment 6 of 6 (100%) were affected. Prednisone given prophylactically reduced the intensity and the frequency of reactions. There were no severe side effects, obvious BCG infections, or significant changes in pulmonary or liver functions or hematologic values. No patient acquired purified protein derivative sensitivity, although 3 persons converted other skin tests to positive. There was no improvement in actuarial survival time.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1975 Aug
PMID:Aerosolized BCG (Tice strain) treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma: phase I study. 16 70


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