Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a prospective randomised study 128 patients with advanced breast cancer were treated either with Adriamycin (20 mg/week) or vincristine, Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (VAC). An objective response was obtained in 31 and 35% of patients in the two groups. There was no significant difference with regard to duration of response or survival. Weekly low dose Adriamycin was well tolerated. When subjective side effects occurred, they were usually slight and transient. In approx. 40% of the patients no side-effects at all were observed. Eight per cent had alopecia requiring a wig. Only slight myelosuppression could be seen in a few patients and this had no practical implications. Most or all of VAC patients experienced severe toxicity with regard to nausea, vomiting and alopecia. Also myelosuppression was more pronounced among VAC patients. It is concluded that weekly doses of Adriamycin as single agent therapy for advanced breast cancer is as effective as the VAC combination delivered every third week, with considerably less toxicity.
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PMID:Weekly adriamycin versus VAC in advanced breast cancer. A randomized trial. 359 68

Forty-six outpatients with breast cancer who had experienced severe emesis as a result of chemotherapy were evaluated for the antiemetic efficacy of high-dose metoclopramide (HD-MCP) and dexamethasone (DXM). Chemotherapy consisted of: cyclophosphamide 600, methotrexate 40 and 5-fluorouracil 600 mg/m2 (CMF) given intravenously every 3 weeks. The dosage of antiemetic drugs was MCP 2 mg/kg and DXM 0.2 mg/kg given by slow intravenous drip 0.5 h before the administration of chemotherapy. 138 courses of combined chemotherapy--HD-MCP and DXM--were administered, with a mean of 3 courses and a range of 1-10 courses per patient. Complete protection--no nausea and no vomiting--was achieved in 17.7% of the courses. Partial protection--no vomiting with mild nausea or 1-3 episodes of vomiting--in 45.3% of the courses. The total antiemetic efficacy was 63%. The most common side effects were: drowsiness, dry mouth, restlessness and diarrhea. Sixteen patients (35%) refused to continue the antiemetic regimen because of the side effects. HD-MCP and DXM have antiemetic efficacy, but because of these side effects, further studies are required to determine the optimal dose of each of these drugs.
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PMID:High-dose metoclopramide and dexamethasone as an antiemetic in outpatients receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. Second study. 361 13

An antiemetic combination of methylprednisolone and droperidol was administered to 10 patients with breast cancer showing postoperative recurrence, receiving high-dose adriamycin. Methylprednisolone was given twice intravenously at a dose of 500 mg, before and after administration of adriamycin, and droperidol was given just before administration of adriamycin. The 10 patients received a total of 20 chemotherapy courses. Complete relief of vomiting was achieved in 95% of these 20 courses, and mild nausea occurred in 40%. Side effects were drowsiness, acne and akathisia, which were minimal. It was concluded that an antiemetic combination of methylprednisolone and droperidol was very effective for prevention of high-dose adriamycin-induced nausea and vomiting.
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PMID:[An antiemetic effect of methylprednisolone plus droperidol against nausea and vomiting caused by administration of high-dose adriamycin to breast carcinoma patients]. 361 64

Between January 1982 and February 1985, 70 breast cancer patients with histologically confirmed axillary node involvement and T1-3a were treated following surgery with a combination of adriamycin, fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, with or without tamoxifen according to the estrogen and progesterone receptors state. At 60 months of study (median follow-up, 41 months), the estimated proportion remaining disease-free was 62%. The estimated survival rate was 81%. A comparison of the actuarial disease-free and overall survival with data reported in the literature indicates a similar positive effect of adjuvant systemic therapy as described in adjuvant studies using polychemotherapy regimens. Patient acception of chemotherapy regimen was generally good. This can be accounted for because of an adequate emesis control and real compliance of the patients with the oncologist.
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PMID:Adjuvant chemotherapy with adriamycin, fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, with or without tamoxifen in operable breast cancer. 368 80

In search of fresh indications for clinical application of cis-platinum, it was added to chemotherapy, the only treatment given to patients with disseminated breast cancer. The study group included 13 patients, with the data on 12 of them being subject to evaluation. The results showed a high antitumor effect of cis-platinum: objective remission was observed in 5 out of 12 cases (46.6%), with the complete 10 month-long remission included. All patients suffered from such untoward side-effects as sickness and vomiting. Moderate nephrotoxicity, which did not interfere with treatment, was registered in 3 cases. Since results confirmed the therapeutic effect of cis-platinum in breast cancer patients previously untreated with antitumor drugs further research into the problem should be recommended.
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PMID:[Cisplatin (platidiame) in the treatment of patients with disseminated breast cancer]. 370 25

A clinical evaluation of peptichemio (40-45 mg/m2/day for 3 days every 3-4 weeks) was conducted in 32 patients with advanced breast cancer, 28 of whom were evaluable for both toxicity and response. The overall response rate was 18% (one complete remission and four partial remissions), with a median duration of 4 months (range, 2-6). The major side effects were cumulative myelotoxicity, phlebitis, mild nausea, and vomiting. A posttreatment heparin infusion was used to prevent phlebitis.
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PMID:Peptichemio in advanced breast cancer: a clinical evaluation in 32 patients. 370 13

Results of first-line mitoxantrone chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer are presented. Full dose (14 mg/m2 iv every 3 weeks) was given to 22 patients who had received no previous adjuvant chemotherapy; five (23%) partial responses were seen. No responses were seen in eight patients who had failed adjuvant chemotherapy, of whom seven received full dose. No responses were seen in nine patients receiving lower doses (mean, 10 mg/m2). The overall response rate was 13%. Treatment was well tolerated. Moderate or severe nausea/vomiting and alopecia were infrequent. One patient developed heart failure without predisposing risk factors.
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PMID:First-line mitoxantrone chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer. 373 Nov 48

The National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group conducted a phase II study of lonidamine, given in an escalating oral daily schedule to a maximum dose of 450 mg/m2 in patients with previously treated advanced breast cancer. Five responses were seen in 30 evaluable patients (17%). Treatment was discontinued because of toxicity in seven patients. Toxicity generally consisted of myalgia, nausea, vomiting, skin hyperesthesia, somnolence, and ototoxicity. All side effects were reversible and no hematologic toxicity was observed. The absence of myelosuppression and the suggestive lack of cross-resistance between lonidamine and standard chemotherapeutic drugs warrant further studies of lonidamine in breast cancer, particularly in combination with other agents.
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PMID:Phase II study of lonidamine in patients with metastatic breast cancer: a National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group Study. 376 73

Doxorubicin in a weekly fixed dose of 20 mg as i.v. bolus (WDA) was given to 48 patients with mostly pretreated progressing breast cancer. The response rate (CR + PR) was 9/48 (19%), and a further 16 (33%) of the patients achieved stable disease. Myelosuppression was mild and without clinical significance. Other side effects, particularly nausea, vomiting and hair loss were also relatively mild. Cardiac toxicity, however, was seen in six patients. Five of these six patients were previously treated with mitoxantrone or combination chemotherapy containing doxorubicin. Median response duration was 10+ months for responders and 11+ months in patients who had stable disease. It is concluded that weekly-dose doxorubicin has a favourable profile with a low frequency of side effects and that this treatment is an alternative to other cancer chemotherapy in breast cancer, especially when not only CR and PR but even stabilization of disease is considered of benefit to the patient.
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PMID:Weekly-dose doxorubicin (WDA) in advanced breast cancer. 378 19

A phase II clinical study involving 16 institutions was performed for the treatment of breast cancer with 590-S, a new masked fluoropyrimidine derivative. A dose of 900 mg/day was administered orally for more than 4 weeks. Out of 33 cases enrolled, 18 were completely recorded and evaluable. The response rate was 33.3%: 2 CR and 4 PR. It was noteworthy that, out of 12 cases previously treated with other 5-FU derivatives, 5 cases (41.7%) were judged as effective. Of 26 cases, side effects were observed in 8 (30.8%). All of these were gastrointestinal disorders such as nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. 590-S is considered to be a useful antitumor agent. However, further investigation will be required.
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PMID:[A phase II study of 590-S (1-phthalidyl-5-fluorouracil) in patients with breast cancer--multi-center cooperative study--Cooperative Study Group of 590-S in Breast Cancer]. 381 75


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