Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 13-year-old spayed Doberman Pinscher with acute vomiting of 24 hours' duration and concurrent 2-week history of polyphagia with weight loss had diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by acute pancreatitis and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Diagnostic testing for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, by determining serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity, revealed an unexpectedly high result when a low result was anticipated. High trypsin-like immunoreactivity was attributed to acute pancreatic inflammation.
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PMID:High serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity secondary to pancreatitis in a dog with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. 210 25

42 dogs with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were randomized for treatment with either PEG-L-asparaginase 10 IU/kg intramuscularly (n = 22) or L-asparaginase 400 IU/kg intraperitoneally (n = 20). Another 20 dogs were treated with either PEG-L-asparaginase 30 IU/kg (n = 10) or L-asparaginase 400 IU/kg (n = 10). Each treatment protocol consisted of two asparaginase treatments followed by a 10-week period of induction chemotherapy and then maintenance on asparaginase until progression occurred. No significant differences were found between treatments in the response rates after 2 weeks of asparaginase therapy or in the time to relapse, the time to treatment failure or the remission period. The reaction to asparaginase after the initial 2 weeks was a prognostic factor for the total duration of remission under asparaginase maintenance therapy. No side-effects were noted in the dogs treated with PEG-L-asparaginase, whereas 14 (48%) of the L-asparaginase treated dogs had side-effects related to this drug, including anaphylactic shock (9), anorexia or vomiting (4), hypersensitivity-related oedema (3), seizures (1) and acute pancreatitis (1). No abnormalities in clotting times, fibrinogen levels or antithrombin-III levels were found in any of the 62 dogs. PEG-L-asparaginase has the same anti-tumour activity as native L-asparaginase in dogs with NHL, but lacks side-effects.
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PMID:Polyethylene glycol-L-asparaginase versus native L-asparaginase in canine non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 214 33

This paper presents a retrospective study on 279 cases of surgical acute abdomen seen and treated at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital over a period of about 2 1/2 years, September 1983-February 1986. The majority of the patients were in the second and third decades of life. Acute appendicitis and obstructed hernias were the commonest causes of surgical acute abdomen, while abdominal pain and vomiting were the commonest symptoms. Only two patients in the series had acute pancreatitis. The overall mortality was 13.3%.
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PMID:Pattern of surgical acute abdomen in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. 227 24

A study is made of 22 medical histories of patients discharged from the Intensive and Intermediate Therapy Services of "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" Provincial Teaching Hospital with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in the year 1987. An analysis of these records demonstrates, among other significant aspects, that disease is more frequent among 50 and 69 years of age, with prevalence of males; the most frequent symptoms are abdominal pain and vomiting and the most frequent complication is acute kidney failure. This study demonstrates that after wards providing special care were made available, mortality rates have dropped as compared with other series reviewed in previous years. It becomes apparent that the Nursing personnel plays a significant role in caring for these patients.
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PMID:[Care for patients with acute pancreatitis in special care wards]. 237 97

Acute pancreatitis was induced in 6 cats by infusion of oleic acid into the pancreatic duct. Clinical changes included fever, tachycardia, and variable degrees of abdominal pain; vomiting occurred rarely, and diarrhea was not noted. Serum lipase activities were significantly increased through the 4th day after the surgical operation, although amylase activities were significantly decreased during most of the acute phase. Serum calcium and phosphate concentrations were decreased significantly on the 4th day after surgical operation. Hematologic alterations included normocytic, normochromic, responsive anemias, but changes in WBC values were not statistically significant. Evidence of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency after induction of acute pancreatitis was not demonstrated in any cats during the study. The results of this study indicate that increases in serum lipase activity are the most consistent and earliest indicators of acute pancreatitis in cats, but that more sensitive methods of laboratory evaluation should be sought.
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PMID:Clinical and pathologic changes in experimentally induced acute pancreatitis in cats. 242 50

Sixty-one patients (1 to 18 1/2 years of age) with acute pancreatitis were evaluated. In over one third of cases, acute pancreatitis was one feature of a multisystem disease (Reye syndrome, sepsis, shock, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, viral infections). Other common causes included blunt trauma (15%), acquired or congenital structural defects (10%), metabolic diseases (10%), and drug toxicity (3%). In 25% of cases, no cause was identified. All conscious patients complained of abdominal pain, but the location, severity, and duration of pain were extremely variable. Vomiting was a common symptom. Ultrasonography was helpful in establishing the diagnosis and for assessment of complications such as pseudocyst formation. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was used to identify structural or anatomic lesions in patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis. Serum cationic trypsin(ogen) was superior to amylase in the early diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, and was more consistently elevated during the first 5 days in the hospital. Patients were managed conservatively with complete bowel rest, gastric decompression, intravenous fluid therapy, and pain relief. Pancreatic pseudocysts occurred in 10% of patients. There were 13 fatalities, all in patients with a severe multisystem disorder. Recurrences of acute pancreatitis were noted only in certain diagnostic groups: idiopathic pancreatitis, structural anomalies of the pancreaticobiliary tree, metabolic disorders, and (in a single patient) familial pancreatitis.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis in childhood. 245 30

A 27 year-old alcoholic patient with severe acute pancreatitis (4 Ranson's objective prognostic signs), complained of abdominal pain and vomiting and presented fever and rigors. The plasma was of milky turbidity and the concentration of triglycerides (TG) very high (26 Mmol/l, Normal: 3-1.6). Serum pancreatic amylase was elevated (262 U/l, Normal: 10-200). The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed S-T depression. The diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography which showed a pancreatic phlegmon and a collection in the left pararenal space (Ranson's grade D). After PE on days 1 and 2: the amylase became normal, plasma clear, TG decreased (7.8 Mmol/l), the clinical picture improved and the ECG normal. Assisted ventilation was necessary over 10 days. Pancreatic morphology remained unchanged. The patient was discharged to intensive care on day 18. There was no indication for surgery. The fast drop in TG levels, the precursors of free fatty acids, may have limited their toxicity the pancreas, allowing a difficult stage to be over come and the course of the illness to interrupted. Normalization of the ECG requires emphasis. The association of HG, increased plasma amylase and abdominal pain justifies early iterative PE.
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PMID:[Major hypertriglyceridemia, associated with severe acute pancreatitis, successfully treated with plasma exchange]. 247 Feb 83

A patient with hypercalcemia and newly diagnosed multiple myeloma developed acute pancreatitis. Other etiologic factors for pancreatitis were excluded. Hypercalcemia secondary to hyperparathyroidism is associated with acute pancreatitis. In English literature, only one other case has been published where the hypercalcemia of multiple myeloma may have caused pancreatitis. Pancreatitis should be considered in patients with hypercalcemia and multiple myeloma who develop nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis in a case of multiple myeloma with hypercalcemia. 248 50

Cylindrical choledochal dilatation, associated with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union, causes recurrent episodes of right hypochondrial pain, vomiting, and fever. The symptoms are very often accompanied by hyperamylasemia, which is generally considered to be due to acute pancreatitis. However, our clinical experience and experimental studies have led us to the conclusion that pancreatitis is not the sole cause of hyperamylasemia. In this paper we report our further investigations of the cause of the hyperamylasemia. In 22 mongrel adult dogs, intracholedochal infusion was performed under a continuous hydrostatic pressure of 20 cm H2O for 2 hours. Solutions of amylase from three different sources and a lipase were used in the range of concentrations found clinically in the bile within a cylindrical choledochal dilatation. In the 3 groups, hyperamylasemia was proven by quantitative estimation of serum amylase level and/or by the changes in specific amylase isozymes. Lipase was also shown to transfer into the blood stream. In an additional experiment on 5 dogs, only the extrahepatic biliary tree, including the gallbladder, was infused with a solution of amylase from Bacillus subtilis. This produced no increase in the serum amylase. Our experiments suggest that amylase passes from the hepatocholedochal system into the blood stream. This phenomenon has long been known as cholangiovenous reflux.
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PMID:Cholangio-venous reflux as a cause of recurrent hyperamylasemia in choledochal dilatation with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union: an experimental study. 257 28

A 12-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with signs of an acute abdomen with paralytic ileus. The previous and family history were without abnormalities. Abdominal pain and vomiting had started two days earlier. On palpation the swollen abdomen was painful and there was an increased tension in the left upper part. The clinical diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was confirmed by an increased serum level of lipase (4480 U/l). Clinical chemical investigations further revealed a permanent hypercalcemia in the range of 6.4 to 8.3 mval/l. This, together with concomitantly reduced levels of serum phosphate and a threefold increased level of parathyroid hormone (343 pg/ml, upper limit of reference = 100 pg/ml) were consistent with a hyperparathyroidism. In fact, sonography of the cervical organs revealed a solitary adenoma of the parathyroid glands. After surgery serum levels of calcium returned to normal. Hypercalcemia as a consequence of primary hyperparathyroidism has to be included in the differential diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in childhood.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis as an initial manifestation of hypercalcemia in primary hyperparathyroidism in childhood]. 265 77


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