Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred patients suffering from acute pancreatitis and studied in two large teaching hospitals in Brisbane between 1959 and 1973 were reviewed. Gallstones were present in 43 patients (of whom 31 were female), and a history of alcoholic excess were elicited in 23. Sixty-three patients were aged over 50 years. Characteristic clinical features included spreading epigastric pain with radiation to either of the upper quadrants of the abdomen. Left-sided upper abdominal peritonitis associated with severe repetitive vomiting was suggestive of the diagnosis. The serum level in most cases fell below the arbitrary diagnostic level of 500 Somogyi units/100 ml within 72 hours of the onset of the pain. Acute haemorrhagic necrosis of the pancreas was positively diagnosed in 15 patients, six of whom died. The overall mortality rate in the series was 9%.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis: the Queensland scene. 26 65

16 patients suffering from acute pancreatitis were treated by intramuscular or intravenous administration of glucagon, with control of the amylasemia and amylasuria values at the start of treatment, the 12th hour and the 36th hour. By the 12th hour from the start of therapy they already observed a reduction in amylasemia and amylasuria to normal values, with disappearance of the symptomatology (pains, vomiting, shock) and complete cure of the patients in 94% of cases. On the basis of their own and others' experience, the Authors therefore believe that glucagon can advantageously be used in this disease, which is characterised by much higher mortality if treated with the traditional therapeutic means.
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PMID:[Glucagon in the treatment of acute pancreatitis (clinical contribution)]. 100 41

Ten adolescent and young adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) have had well-documented recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis. The diagnosis of CF in each patient was delayed because they did not have pancreatic insufficiency. The diagnosis of CF was documented by the typical pulmonary involvement and elevated sweat sodium and chloride levels in all cases and a positive family history in six of the ten patients. Two patients were diagnosed as having acute pancreatitis before the diagnosis of CF was made, thus indicating that acute pancreatitis may be the presenting complaint in the young adult with CF. The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was based on the presence of severe abdominal pain, usually with vomiting, tenderness in the mid-epigastrium, elevated serum and urinary amylase and serum lipase. Attacks were precipitated by fatty meals, alcohol ingestion; postcholecystectomy and tetracycline administration. In some patients no precipitating event could be elicited. Intravenous secretin-pancreozymin stimulation tests revealed a diminished bicarbonate secretion with little effect on the secretion of the zymogen enzymes. A mild attack of pancreatitis occurred after secretin-pancreozymin stimulation. The endocrine pancreatic function tested in four patients was normal as revealed by the glucose tolerance tests and determinations of serum insulin, growth hormone and free fatty acid. Transduodenal pancreatograms were performed in three patients; one showed a normal pancreatic duct, one showed duct obstruction and in the third patient a beady type of narrowing was found. The selenomethionine Se 75 uptake of the pancreas was noted only in the head of the pancreas. This suggests that loss of function occurs initially to a greater extent in the tail and body of the pancreas. Three patients died and showed characteristic lesions of CF.
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PMID:Recurrent acute pancreatitis in patients with cystic fibrosis with normal pancreatic enzymes. 111 Aug 67

A 44-year-old woman with C1q esterase inhibitor deficiency was seen in consultation for recurrent right upper quadrant abdominal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Each of these episodes was accompanied by concomitant peripheral edema. Initial diagnostic efforts were fruitless. In time, intermittent elevations in amylase and lipase developed, and a diagnosis of relapsing pancreatitis was made. We contend that the patient's recurrent acute pancreatitis is associated with her hereditary angioedema. Possible pathogenesis could involve intermittent intrapancreatic edema with partial ductal obstruction or loss of inhibition on the kallikrein-kinin system.
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PMID:Hereditary angioedema associated with pancreatitis. 143 59

The authors report on the case of a 12.5 and year-old epileptic boy with severe acute pancreatitis which appeared 39 months after starting treatment with sodium valproate (VAP) at a daily dosage of 26.6 mg/kg. Twelve days after hospitalization, a pseudocyst of the pancreas developed, leading to cystoduodenostomy 3 months later. Following VPA suppression, no recurrence of pancreatic symptomatology was observed. The pathophysiological mechanism of this adverse side-effect of VPA treatment remains unclear. The appearance of a painful epigastric syndrome and/or vomiting in a patient subjected to a VPA treatment indicates the possibility or acute pancreatitis, to be confirmed by blood and urinary determination of amylases and abdominal tomodensitometric examination. Finally, the fact that this side-effect may be severe even lethal, brings into question the prescription of this drug in the management of epilepsy.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis caused by sodium valproate. Review of the literature apropos of a case in a child]. 166 40

A 28-year-old woman with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain had been hospitalized elsewhere on 13 separate occasions over the year before this admission for similar episodes thought to be secondary to acute pancreatitis. She had undergone repeated work-ups including endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, computed tomographic scan, and exploratory laparotomy. There was a discrepancy between her unremarkable physical examination and extremely elevated amylase (3,210 U/L) which suggested nonpancreatic hyperamylasemia; normal serum pancreatic isoamylase, trypsinogen, and lipase confirmed this suspicion. The patient was noted to have self-induced vomiting in the hospital which she admitted was frequent behavior. her psychiatric disturbance was characterized as an atypical eating disorder. This case illustrates that hyperamylasemia in association with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting may not be secondary to pancreatitis and that use of a second serum marker (such as trypsinogen, lipase, or isoamylase) helps to establish a definitive diagnosis.
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PMID:Atypical eating disorder masquerading as recurrent acute pancreatitis: the value of multiple pancreatic serological markers. 168 31

A case of acute necrotizing pancreatitis in association with choledochal cyst is presented. Pancreatitis associated with choledochal cyst is probably caused by a biliary reflux into the pancreatic duct via a pancreatobiliary malunion, as the intraductal pressure of the cyst exceeds that of the pancreatic duct. Ampullar stenosis due to gallstones or inflammatory changes may increase the intraductal pressure. Bile with activated pancreatic enzymes refluxes into the pancreatic duct, and possibly results in acute pancreatitis. However, patients with choledochal cyst presenting with recurrent bouts of abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever have often been diagnosed as having acute pancreatitis because of hyperamylasemia, despite no evidence of pancreatitis at the time of surgery. At the time of bouts, they also show a slight elevation of serum bilirubin, and an increase in the degree of the choledochal dilatation that are possibly caused by biliary obstruction, not ampullar obstruction, due to suppurative cholangitis. The term "fictitious pancreatitis" or "pseudopancreatitis" in choledochal cyst appears to be appropriate. This clinical study shows that amylase in the biliary tract has ready access to the blood stream, probably through a sinusoidal pathway by cholangiovenous reflux, and a lymphatic pathway, via the Disse's space and denuded cyst wall, provided the biliary ductal pressure is increased.
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PMID:Pseudopancreatitis in choledochal cyst in children: intraoperative study of amylase levels in the serum. 169 Feb 81

We report the case of a 34-year-old alcoholic who was initially seen in March 1985 because of acute pancreatitis. A mass was demonstrated in the head of the pancreas. Serial sonogram and computed tomography scans over 4 1/2 years revealed progressive encroachment of the duodenum without symptoms attributable to obstruction. In 1989, three separate endoscopies with multiple biopsies showed chronic inflammation and strictures. Hypotonic duodenography confirmed stricture and obstructed duodenum. Surgical intervention is being considered. Duodenal obstruction secondary to chronic pancreatitis is rare. It may proceed subclinically for several years independent of continued alcohol use. Only when obstruction became severe in our patient did the classic symptoms of postprandial nausea, emesis, and weight loss become manifest. Obstructive jaundice from chronic pancreatitis due to stricture in the pancreatic portion of the common bile duct is uncommon.
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PMID:Chronic pancreatitis progressing to duodenal obstruction in the absence of classic symptoms. 185 3

Twenty patients with histologically verified carcinoid liver metastases underwent a total of 24 liver artery embolizations by means of interventional radiologic techniques. There were no deaths. The postembolization syndrome, consisting of fever, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, occurred in all the patients. Severe complications were rare, the most serious being multiple hepatic abscesses with septicemia in one patient, septicemia in another, and mild acute pancreatitis in a third. All these three patients recovered without any sequels from the embolization, and none required surgical intervention. The hepatic abscesses were drained percutaneously, guided by ultrasound. Hepatic artery embolization seems justified in patients with disabling symptoms from the carcinoid syndrome, as long as alternative therapy with the same benefit but fewer complications is not available.
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PMID:Side effects and complications after hepatic artery embolization in the carcinoid syndrome. 187 48

Plasma immunoreactive cationic trypsin (ICT), which is a specific and highly sensitive indicator of pancreatic injury, was measured in 14 children with signs of systemic envenomation following a sting by the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus. High ICT levels were found in 13 children (93%), indicating that acute pancreatitis is a common complication of envenomation by this scorpion. The pancreatitis may account for the abdominal pain and vomiting commonly seen in scorpion envenomation and may also contribute to the agitation and discomfort noted in young children.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis in children following envenomation by the yellow scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus. 202 71


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