Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sulproston (SH B 286 AD), a PGE2-derivate, was used for termination of pregnancy in 40 patients during the IInd and IIIrd trimester. Mean abortion time was 12.7 hours (range:4 to 26 hours). Sulproston was given intravenously (150 to 1000 micrograms) or via an extraamnial catheter (200 to 400 micrograms). One single dose of 500 micrograms was sufficient in 26 patients. Five women required a dose of 150 to 400 micrograms, four patients a dose of 500 to 1000 micrograms. The rate of side effects was low and included freezing, nausea, vomiting or abdominal spasms and dyspnea in one case. An obligatory curettage followed the abortion without exception. There was no statistical significance for changes of blood pressure and heart rate during the perfusion of Sulproston and in the course of the abortion.
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PMID:[Termination of pregnancy during the IInd and IIIrd trimester with Sulproston (SH B 286 AD) (author's transl)]. 56 40

18 women ranging in age from 17-45 years receiving intramuscular injections of 250 mcg of 15-methyl-prostaglandin F2alpha (15-methyl-PGF2alpha) averaged 17 hours +or- 7 hours to delivery. Injections were repeated after 2 hours and every 5 hours thereafter. The cumulative abortion rate for the substance was intermediate between the very favorable results obtained using intraamniotic applications of E2 prostaglandins on the 1 hand and the somewhat unfavorable results with intraamniotic and retroamniotic applications of F2 alpha on the other hand. A comparison of side effects of intramuscular injection of 15-methyl-PGF2alpha with those of PGF2alpha injected intraamniotically or retroamniotically indicates that the occurrence of vomiting was slightly greater with it but the occurrence of diarrhea was almost the same. The dynamics of labor with 15-methyl PG were found to be similar to labor after injection of PGs intraamniotically and retroamniotically. The results suggest that 15-methyl-PGF2alpha is a safe and practical substance for inducing labor between the 10th and 20th week of pregnancy.
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PMID:[The effect of 15-methyl-prostaglandin F2 alpha administered intramuscularly to induce abortion in the first half of pregnancy (proceedings)]. 57 12

Use of 16-phenoxy-prostaglandin E2 methane sulfonamide (SH B 286), a prostaglandin E2 derivative, as an abortifacient in 114 patients is reported. Vital signs, intrauterine pressure, and blood levels of steroid hormones, chorionic gonadotropin, and placental lactogen were noted before, during, and after administration. Extraamniotic injection of 100-250 mcg induced abortion in 80% of the 76 women observed. No severe systemic effects occurred, and vomiting (15%), nausea (25%), and uterine cramps (40%) rarely required treatment. Of 38 women receiving an intravenous drip, complete abortion was induced in 33; side effects were dose-dependent and no severe complications were seen. The lowest dose (0.5-1.5 mcg/ml, 1000 mcg total dose) was as effective as larger doses. Uterine contractions were increased by the medication, while serum hormone levels, especially progesterone, decreased. SH B 286 is shown by this study to be an effective and safe abortifacient. (Author's)
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PMID:[First results with a new prostaglandin E2-derivate (author's transl)]. 60 50

Vaginal suppositories containing 15(S)15-methyl-PGF2alpha-methyl ester (prostaglandin, PG) were tested for legal abortion of pregnancies (36-60 days after last menstrual period) in 42 women; 4 suppositories each containing 1 or 1.5 mg of PG were given every 3 hours. Serum levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), estradiol-17 beta, and progesterone were measured before and up to 3 weeks after the abortion. Blood loss during, after, and during a menstrual period 2-4 months after the abortion (in 30 women) was determined. Abortion without retention of major products of conception occurred in 93% of the cases. However, 18% of these successful cases had a slow decline in HCG, indicating incomplete expulsion of viable chorionic tissue. Average blood loss was 37 ml during the 1st 24 hours after insertion, with an additional loss of 94 ml in the next 11 days (range, 5-25 days). Heavy blood loss after abortion was significantly related to slow decline in serum HCG. Later menstrual flow was strikingly heavy overall (mean, 74 ml). There was no difference in efficacy or incidence of slow HCG decline between the PG dose of 1 mg and 1.5 mg, but side effects of uterine pain, vomiting, and diarrhea (50% overall, in no case severe) were more marked with the 1.5-mg dose.
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PMID:Early abortion by vaginal prostaglandin suppositories. Blood loss in relation to elimination of serum chorionic gonadotrophin, progesterone and estradiol-17 beta. 63 Aug 88

Prostaglandin (PG) gels were used to induce second-trimester abortion in 141 women aged 16-44 years, 1973-1976. PGE2 gel was used alone for 65 women, and in combination with oxytocin for 25 women; PGF2-alpha was used alone for 15, and combined with oxytocin for 36. Indications were: medical (5 cases), psychosocial (97 cases), and missed abortion or fetal death in utero (39 cases). The gel was administered extra-amniotically via catheter; abortion occurred within 36 hours in 136 cases. Mean administration abortion interval varied from 9 hours 52 minutes to 16 hours 17 minutes. A dose-response relationship was noted between the prostaglandin dose and the interval to abortion. Side effects included vomiting (29 cases), diarrhea (2 cases), fever (9 cases), hemorrhage (14 cases), endometritis (2 cases), and circulatory symptoms (2 cases) and torn cervix (1 case). No signficant differences between primigravidae and others were observed.
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PMID:[Therapeutic abortions in the second trimestre of pregnancy with prostaglandine gel (author's transl)]. 64 Mar 66

32 women received intramuscular injections of 15(S)-15-methyl-prostaglandin F2 alpha(15SMPGF2A) to terminate pregnancy. 27 of the women, average age 23.4 years, underwent legal abortion due to medical indications, mostly in the second trimester of pregnancy. There were also 3 cases of missed abortion and 2 cases of hydatidiform moles. The initial dosage was 250mcg which was repeated, increased, or decreased evey 2 hours, depending on how effectively abortion was induced. A success rate of 90% was recorded, and the remaining 10% were all nulliparae. The average induction-abortion interval was 16 hours, higher among nulliparae and for pregnancies from the 16th to the 21st weeks. No complications, i.e. cervical injuries or serious bleeding, were observed. Increased bowel activity was the most common side effect observed, and can be used as a dosage indicator. Vomiting, heat flashes, and coughing were other observed side effects. Intramuscular 15SMPGF2A injections are easy to administer, show decreased induction-abortion intervals, and are especially advantageous in treating missed abortion and hydatidiform moles.
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PMID:[Comparative studies on the termination of intact and disturbed pregnancies by intramuscular application of 15(s)-15-methyl-prostaglandin F2alpha (author's transl)]. 70 Mar 44

A review is made of the clinical use of prostaglandins in obstetrics and gynecology. Second trimester abortions can be induced by the transcervical extraamniotic, transabdominal intraamniotic, or intravenous injection of PGF2 alpha or PGE2. The use of these agents is currently the method of choice for this procedure. Studies have been made of methods of application which will lead to improved effectiveness and of the use of prostaglandins in combination with oxytocin. The use of prostaglandin analogues, which are metabolized more slowly than the natural prostaglandins, provides the advantages of decreased side effects and a decreased need of additional doses. The side effects associated with prostaglandin use include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, heat waves, shivering, headache, dizziness, elevated temperatures, and leucocytosis. The mortality rate reported in a 4-year survey is 10.5/100,000 which compared favorably with the 17.7/100,000 for saline abortions. Prostaglandin gels can be used to soften and dilate the cervix in preparation for an abortion or induction of labor with no undesired side effects and without the use of laminarias. Labor can be induced by the administration of the prostaglandins F2 alpha and E2 either intravenously or, in the case of the latter, orally. Treatment with PGE2 can also continue parturition in cases of secondary insufficiency of labor. Research is currently being conducted in the use of these substances for fertility control.
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PMID:Application of prostaglandins in obstetrics and gynecology. 74 14

The Indian Council of Medical Research initiated a multicentric trial with prostaglandins in 1976 to assess the safety and efficacy of their use in midtrimester abortions. PGF2 alpha and 15-Me-PGF2 alpha were compared using the intra-amniotic (I.A.) route. 15-Me-PGF2 alpha was also evaluated by extra-amniotic (E.A.) route. With intra-amniotic instillation, success rate was 88.1 per cent with PGF2 alpha and 93.0 per cent with 15-Me-PGF2 alpha within 48 hours and by the extra-amniotic route it was 78.1 per cent within 36 hours. The mean induction-abortion interval was 19 hours with I.A. and 14.8 hours with E.A. Abortions were complete in 48.8 per cent of the women following I.A. PGF2 alpha, 56.0 per cent following I.A. 15-Me-PGF2 alpha and only 23.0 per cent following E.A. administration. Vomiting and diarrhoea were the most commonly reported side effects. Cervical injuries were 4.7 per cent with I.A. PGF2 alpha, 1.4 per cent with I.A. 15-Me-PGF2 alpha and only 0.6 per cent with E.A. route.
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PMID:Use of intra- and extra-amniotic prostaglandins for the termination of pregnancies--report of multicentric trial in India. 75 Jan 90

Intravaginal insertion of a 10 cm (2) silastic device with a .5% concentration of 15(s)-15-methyl-prostaglandin F2a methyl ester alone successfully induced abortion in 27 of 48 patients in the midtrimester and an additional 11 patients with a concomitant infusion of oxytocin. The mean abortion time for the 38 successful inductions was 15.35 hours. In 8 of the 10 patients who failed to abort even with concomitant oxytocin therapy, abortion was induced by serial im injections of 15-ME-PFG2a; the remaining 2 failures underwent surgical evacuation. The plasma levels of 15-ME-PGF2a methyl ester in the 11 patients studied varied widely over the first 2 hours, maintained at 4 hours, and then dropped sharply at 8 hours and declined over the abortion period in undelivered patients. Vomiting and diarrhea were the most common side effects and in general well tolerated by the patients. However, there was an adverse reaction in a single patient who experienced almost constant nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The device was removed 1 hour and 50 minutes after insertion and the patient aborted spontaneously 7 hours later. Intravaginal insertion of a sliastic device is an effective means of prostaglandin abortion, but further investigation is required to determine the most effective device which would provide a slow, continuous release of the prostaglandin.
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PMID:The effect of a 10 cm2, 0.5% 15-ME-PGF2alpha methyl ester intravaginal silastic device on abortion and plasma prostaglandin concentration. 85 75

Abortion was successfully induced in 79 of 80 patients in midtrimester, by the serial administration of 250 microgram of 15 (S)-15 methyl PGF2alpha intramuscularly every second hour until abortion occurred. All 12 patients with missed abortion and 87% of the legal abortion patients aborted within 24 hours. The average period until abortion occurred in the missed abortion group was 8.2 hours (+/- 4.5 SD), and in the legal abortion group 16.4 hours (+/- 7.3 SD). All the patients were given prophylactic treatment for vomiting, using prochlorperazine. The average number of episodes of vomiting was 2.8 per ptient. All but 3 patients were given loperamide or diphenoxylate for "diarrhoea". The average number of episodes of diarrhoea was 2.5 per patient. The frequency of complications was low apart from a case of low uterine rupture.
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PMID:Midtrimester and missed abortion treated with intramuscular 15 (s)-15 methyl PGF2alpha. 89 27


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