Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042963 (vomiting)
 31,883 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized design was used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transdermal fentanyl citrate for postoperative pain management in 42 healthy adult patients undergoing major shoulder surgery. Transdermal systems rated to deliver fentanyl citrate at a rate of 75 micrograms/h were applied to the skin immediately prior to surgery and worn for 24 hours. Patients in the active group required significantly less morphine than the placebo group during the 24-hour period that systems were in place (0.8 +/- 0.61 vs 1.3 +/- 0.64 mg/h) and for the first 12 hours after removal (0.3 +/- 0.36 vs 0.5 +/- 0.32 mg/h). The incidence of vomiting was more frequent in the active group than in the placebo group (73% vs 30%), and respiratory rate in the active group was lower than in the placebo group during the 13- to 24-hour interval of system application (14 +/- 3 vs 16 +/- 2 breaths per minute). Nevertheless, transdermal fentanyl appears to be safe and effective after orthopedic surgery in healthy adult patients.
JAMA 1989 Feb 17
PMID:Transdermal fentanyl for postoperative pain management. A double-blind placebo study. 291 10

A physician who describes himself or herself only as a gynecology resident in a large, private hospital writes in JAMA's "A piece of my mind" column about having administered a lethal dose of morphine to a terminally ill patient. The resident reports that the 20-year-old patient was dying of ovarian cancer, had not eaten or slept in two days, and was suffering from unrelenting vomiting. The resident, who had not seen the patient before, also writes that her only words at the time were "Let's get it over with."
JAMA 1988 Jan 08
PMID:A piece of my mind. It's over, Debbie. 333 94

We present a patient who was admitted complaining of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distention. A roentgenogram of the abdomen revealed a dilated stomach and pneumobilia. At surgery, he was found to have proximal small-bowel obstruction. To our knowledge, this is the first case of pneumobilia associated with proximal small-bowel obstruction not associated with a gallstone.
JAMA 1988 Oct 07
PMID:Pneumobilia associated with small-bowel obstruction. 341 54

A self-report survey of bulimic behaviors was conducted with 1965 students who were selected to provide a cross section of a large, eastern university. Follow-up interviews of a subsample of respondents were conducted to validate the survey. After correcting for false-positive responses, only 1.3% of the female and 0.1% of the male respondents met diagnostic criteria for bulimia according to either the third edition or the proposed revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. In addition, an inflection point was found in the rates of binge eating, self-induced vomiting, and their combination at a frequency of about twice per month.
JAMA 1987 Sep 04
PMID:Bulimia vs bulimic behaviors on a college campus. 347 60

Suramin sodium is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor with in vitro activity against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Ninety-eight patients with AIDS manifest as opportunistic infections (n = 38), AIDS with Kaposi's sarcoma (n = 38), AIDS-related complex (n = 20), or AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (n = 2) were treated with suramin sodium at 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 g/wk for six weeks followed by maintenance therapy with 0.5 or 1.0 g/wk. Of 72 patients who were HIV culture positive before therapy and were assessable for subsequent HIV culture 40% became culture negative during treatment, with no apparent correlation between virus recovery and serum suramin concentration. No immunologic improvement was noted. One complete clinical remission was noted in a patient with Kaposi's sarcoma and stage IV NHL. Seven minor clinical responses were also noted. Toxic reactions were generally reversible, and included fever (78%), rash (48%), malaise (43%), nausea (34%), neurologic symptoms (33%), and vomiting (20%). Suramin-induced neutropenia was noted in 26%, thrombocytopenia in 12%, a serum creatinine level of 180 mumol/L or higher (greater than or equal to 2.1 mg/dL) in 12%, liver dysfunction in 14%, and clinical and/or laboratory evidence of adrenal insufficiency in 23%. Sixteen patients died while receiving suramin or within three weeks of discontinuation of drug therapy due to infection (n = 6), hepatic failure (n = 3), pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma (n = 2), AIDS encephalitis (n = 2), AIDS-associated NHL (n = 1), iatrogenic hemo-pneumothorax (n = 1), or pulmonary disease of uncertain etiology. Suramin as currently administered cannot be recommended as effective therapy for AIDS.
JAMA 1987 Sep 11
PMID:Suramin therapy in AIDS and related disorders. Report of the US Suramin Working Group. 365 Mar 39

We asked 1447 tenth graders to complete a survey on physical activity, nutrition, stress, and substance use and to undergo basic physical assessments. In a multiple regression analysis, increased level of substance use by both boys and girls was most strongly predicted by friends' marijuana use. For boys, this was followed by perceived safety of cigarette smoking; poor school performance; parents' education; and use of diet pills, laxatives, or diuretics for weight control, accounting for 44% of the overall variation in substance use. For girls, friends' marijuana use was followed by poor school performance; self-induced vomiting for weight control; perceived safety of cigarette smoking; use of diet pills, laxatives, or diuretics for weight control; parents' education; perceived adult attitudes about cigarettes; and nonuse of seat belts, accounting for 53% of the overall variance. Separate multiple regression analyses for each substance produced similar results. The homogeneity of the study population precluded ethnic comparisons. These findings suggest that for many purposes substance use may be considered a single behavior regardless of the specific substance(s) used and that substance use may exist as part of a syndrome of adolescent problem behaviors. In addition, the potent influence of perceived social environment suggests that a social influence resistance model may represent the most successful preventive strategy.
JAMA 1987 Oct 16
PMID:Perspectives on adolescent substance use. A defined population study. 365 22

Bowel infarction as a frequent occurrence in patients with end-stage renal disease has not been previously recognized. This report describes 12 dialysis patients with nonocclusive bowel infarction. All patients with bowel infarction had large weight losses secondary to vomiting, diarrhea, or ultrafiltration when undergoing dialysis, preceding the development of this disease. Of the potential risk factors analyzed, frequent and severe hypotension (systolic blood pressure, less than 100 mm Hg) when receiving dialysis occurred more commonly in patients developing bowel infarction. The weight loss was not often recognized initially as an important compromising problem. A fatal outcome was experienced in nine of the 12 patients. We conclude that bowel infarction may be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients.
JAMA 1986 Nov 14
PMID:Bowel infarction as a cause of death in dialysis patients. 377 54

Clinical investigation was carried out into the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in a series of patients undergoing intraamniotic instillation of dinoprost tromethamine (prostaglandin F2alpha, or PGF2alpha) for 2nd-trimester abortion. 20 healthy women, aged 14-27 years, were studied. The 1st 8 patients received PGF2alpha, 30 mg at hour 0 and 25 mg at hour 6 and again at hour 24 if needed. The last 12 patients received 30 mg at hour 0, and 25 mg at hour 8, 24, and 32 if necessary. The PGF2alpha used did not contain sodium chloride. 18 of the patients aborted in an average of 16 hours and 7 minutes; 2 required additional procedures. Some vomiting and 1 instance of fever but no other significant side effects were noted. Coagulation studies in these patients were normal. The prothrombin time, thrombin time, euglobulin lysis time, and plasminogen levels were normal and unchanged from the control blood value. Plasma fibrinogen concentration increased slightly 6 hours after the initial infusion of PGF2alpha. Red blood cell fragmentation was not observed at any time during labor, delivery, or the postpartum period. The increased white blood count was statistically significant but without clinical significance. Previous studies have shown that use of saline solution to achieve abortion causes alterations in the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems. This study with PGF2alpha showed no such effects.
JAMA 1973 Aug 27
PMID:Abortion and coagulation by prostaglandin. Intra-amniotic dinoprost tromethamine effect on the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems. 474 Jun 10

Fifty-three patients receiving antineoplastic chemotherapy who had experienced severe nausea and vomiting refractory to standard antiemetic agents were treated with delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). These patients were given THC 8 to 12 hours before, during, and for 24 hours after chemotherapy. Ten patients (19%) had no further nausea and vomiting; 28 (53%) had at least a 50% reduction of nausea and vomiting compared to previous courses with the same agents. No appreciable reduction of nausea and vomiting was seen in 15 patients (28%). Toxic reactions were generally mild, with only four patients experiencing reactions that necessitated stopping THC therapy. We suggest that, since THC is a useful antimetic agent in patients having refractory chemotherapy-induced vomiting, existing restrictions prohibiting its therapeutic use should promptly be eased.
JAMA 1980 Mar 28
PMID:delta 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol for refractory vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapy. 624 18

Five study centers enrolled 1,311 women seeking postcoital contraception methods. Ethinyl estradiol was administered at 5 mg/day and conjugated estrogens at 30 mg/day for five consecutive days starting within 72 hours of unprotected coitus. Eleven pregnancies occurred in the 976 women who had a single unprotected coitus at midcycle. Based on published information, 69 pregnancies would have been expected if no contraceptives were used. Although both treatments were effective in preventing pregnancy, ethinyl estradiol seemed to be more effective. At the two centers alternately prescribing both drugs, none of 137 women treated with ethinyl estradiol became pregnant, while six of the 132 given conjugated estrogens became pregnant. Women whose treatment commenced on the first postcoital day seemed to have lower pregnancy rates than those whose medication was delayed to the second or third postcoital day regardless of which drug was used. Side effects were mainly limited to nausea that occurred in 70% and vomiting that was experienced by 33% of all women treated.
JAMA 1980 Sep 19
PMID:Ethinyl estradiol and conjugated estrogens as postcoital contraceptives. 625 Dec 88


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