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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anomalies of rotation and fixation of gut occur most commonly in the neonatal period and usually become symptomatic in infancy. We report an adult patient with symptomatic volvulus due to mid gut malrotation.
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PMID:Symptomatic volvulus due to mid gut malrotation in an adult. 1155 94

Antigens that are not normally seen by the host but that are nevertheless, accessible to host immune effector molecules and cells such as the native endoantigens associated with the intestinal epithelium of haematophagous tissue-dwelling parasites, could be potentially useful vaccine antigens. In this study, intestines were dissected from adult Dirofilaria immitis, homogenised, and a 105,000 x g pellet obtained and extracted with Triton X-100. The soluble 105,000 x g supernatant from this extract induced partial protection (51%) against a challenge infection of third stage larvae (L3) implanted in micropore chambers. Sera from mice immunised with this soluble detergent extract reacted with proteins ranging in size from 38 to 130 kDa. Immunolocalisation studies indicated the mouse sera reacted primarily to the lumenal surface of the intestines of adult D. immitis, though reactivity to the lateral nerve/epithelial chords, hypodermis and reproductive tracts was also noted, indicating the presence of shared antigens. Tissues of L3s were also recognised by the immunised mouse sera. These mouse sera did not react to a dog blood fraction prepared identically to the D. immitis fraction. Only those sera from D. immitis-infected dogs with heavy or long-term infections were reactive to a single 42 kDa protein. After 24 h incubation in fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated serum the intestinal tract of Onchocerca volvulus and D. immitis L3 and L4 fluoresced, indicating the serum had been ingested. These data suggest that filarial gut-associated antigens (apart from the single 42 kDa antigen) are not seen by normally infected hosts, that they can be accessible to antibodies and that they can induce an immune response which is partially protective.
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PMID:Immunisation of mice with fractions derived from the intestines of Dirofilaria immitis. 1159 33

Cysteine proteases play critical biological roles in both intracellular and extracellular processes. We characterized Ce-cpl-1, a Caenorhabditis elegans cathepsin L-like cysteine protease. RNA interference with Ce-cpl-1 activity resulted in embryonic lethality and a transient delayed growth of larvae to egg producing adults, suggesting an essential role for cpl-1 during embryogenesis, and most likely during post-embryonic development. Cpl-1 gene (Ce-cpl-1:lacZ) is widely expressed in the intestine and hypodermal cells of transgenic worms, while the fusion protein (Ce-CPL-1::GFP) was expressed in the hypodermis, pharynx, and gonad. The CPL-1 native protein accumulates in early to late stage embryos and becomes highly concentrated in gut cells during late embryonic development. CPL-1 is also present near the periphery of the eggshell as well as in the cuticle of larval stages suggesting that it may function not only in embryogenesis but also in further development of the worm. Although the precise role of Ce-CPL-1 during embryogenesis is not yet clear it could be involved in the processing of nutrients responsible for synthesis and/or in the degradation of eggshell. Moreover, an increase in the cpl-1 mRNA is seen in the intermolt period approximately 4 h prior to each molt. During this process Ce-CPL-1 may act as a proteolytic enzyme in the processing/degradation of cuticular or other proteins. Similar localization of a related cathepsin L in the filarial nematode Onchocerca volvulus, eggshell and cuticle, suggests that some of the Ce-CPL-1 function during development may be conserved in other parasitic nematodes.
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PMID:Cathepsin L is essential for embryogenesis and development of Caenorhabditis elegans. 1170 40

Midgut malrotation with volvulus is a life-threatening surgical emergency. Prompt diagnosis and treatment is paramount to good outcome. Imaging plays a key role in confirming the diagnosis. A two-day-old male infant presented with bilious vomiting and was diagnosed by upper GI examination to have midgut malrotation and volvulus. The gut was ischaemic but viable at surgery. Radiological features of malrotation and volvulus are presented and discussed.
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PMID:Clinics in diagnostic imaging (74). Midgut malrotation with volvulus. 1238 Jul 34

In a current publications, it has been suggested that hypoxia-triggered "good angiogenesis" involving hypoxic up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) molecules, genes, and receptors is likely responsible in a major way for the remarkable gut and patient salvage experience associated with use of the "patch, drain, and wait" (PD&W) surgical approach to perforated necrotizing enterocolitis and midgut volvulus (MGV) with extensive ischemia/necrosis. We report a case in which extensive ischemia/necrosis in a newborn with gastroschisis (likely MGV-induced) was managed successfully by PD&W with an associated marked (24-fold) elevation of VEGF in drainage fluid at 7 days post-initiation of PD&W.
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PMID:Marked (24-fold) elevation of peritoneal cavity drainage fluid vascular endothelial growth factor after successful "patch, drain, and wait" approach for extensive midgut necrosis in a newborn. 1241 65

Patients with short-gut syndrome may develop total parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease, which may preclude them from isolated intestinal transplantation and require combined liver and intestinal transplantation. Traditionally, these multiorgan transplantations are performed using en bloc liver and intestinal grafts that share portal, hepatic, and mesenteric blood supplies. In the event that severe intestinal rejection occurs, it is prohibitive in these cases to remove the intestinal portion of the graft. Herein we present the case of a patient with short-gut syndrome caused by volvulus and severe cholestatic liver disease who underwent simultaneous intestinal and liver transplantation using separate grafts from the same cadaveric donor. We discuss the technical aspects of the case and the benefit of such an approach.
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PMID:Noncomposite simultaneous liver and intestinal transplantation. 1531 82

Jejunal intussusception in a Chinese 10-year-old boy affected by the blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is presented and discussed. The syndrome is rare, sporadically found with possible dominant inheritance, and due to a gene mutation mapped on the short arm of chromosome 9. It presents with distinctive cutaneous and gastrointestinal malformations together with possible other organ involvement. Gastrointestinal malformations tend to bleed and lead to anaemia. Infrequent complications of the gastrointestinal malformations are volvulus, intestinal infarction and intussusception. The age of the patient and the jejunal intussusception precipitated by a vascular malformation containing calcifications (which were also found in different gut segments) make this case remarkable.
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PMID:Jejunal intussusception in a 10-year-old boy with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. 1510 76

Two infants, aged 3 months and 4 months, with acquired ileal atresia in the distal ileum are described. Both of them presented with features of intestinal obstruction following a diarrhoeal episode. In both patients the time interval between the onset of symptoms and detection of atresia at surgery was very short, i.e. 2 weeks. In our opinion, strangulation with subsequent resorption of gangrenous gut could have been the underlying mechanism in both patients. However, a short interval between initiation of symptomatology and detection of atresia prompted us to postulate a thromboembolic phenomenon as the cause of these lesions. While in one patient intussusception was noted on sonography, in the other there was no clear-cut aetiology present except for a high-lying caecum with a long mesentery that might have led to volvulus. We have reviewed the pertinent literature of this very rare sequela of gut inflammation.
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PMID:Acquired ileal atresia in infancy: report of two cases. 1582 67

Volvulus of the caecum is a rare entity in childhood. We report on a case of caecal volvulus in a 6-year-old child, admitted with clinical symptoms of gut occlusion and shock. Outcome was favourable after surgical treatment. The epidemiological, clinical, radiological aspects and therapy are discussed in light of data of the literature.
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PMID:[Cecal volvulus: a case report in a child]. 1605 Oct 77

Midgut malrotation with volvulus is a life-threatening surgical emergency. Because the consequences of malrotation associated with midgut volvulus may be catastrophic, prompt diagnosis and treatment are required to prevent mortality and short-gut syndrome. Intestinal malrotation is usually observed in the neonatal period. Bilious vomiting and bloody stools are the two most common clinical presentations, but the patients exhibit often no abnormal physical findings on abdominal examination. Imaging techniques (Rx, US) of the upper gastrointestinal tract must be very accurate in order to diagnose volvulus but frequently they fail to identify this illness. If any doubt exists, refer with pediatric surgical support for consultation.
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PMID:[Volvulus and intestinal malrotation in the newborn]. 1692 46


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