Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The lectin-binding properties of microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus, O. lienalis, Brugia pahangi, Wuchereria bancrofti, Dirofilaria immitis, and Monanema (= Ackertia) marmotae share a number of characteristics. Carbohydrates specific for lectins are associated with the egg shell or sheath. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine is the predominant carbohydrate associated with the ensheathed forms with lesser quantities of D-galactose and/or alpha-lactose and D-galactosamine. The density of these carbohydrates on the sheath surface diminishes as the larvae undergo normal growth and development. Similar carbohydrates are not found on the cuticle as exsheathed microfilariae show virtually no ability to bind lectins.
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PMID:Microfilarial surface carbohydrates as a function of developmental stage and ensheathment status in six species of filariids. 341 56

The increased incidence of "allergic" symptomatology and clinical complications seen in non-endemic individuals with loiasis, as compared to natives of endemic areas, is thought to reflect a heightened immune response to filarial antigens. To identify antigens involved in this hyperresponsiveness, a cDNA library constructed from adult female RNA from the related filarial parasite, Onchocerca volvulus, was screened with serum from a North American who acquired loiasis in West Africa. Sequence analysis of one of the identified clones, OvGalBP, revealed significant homology to the vertebrate S-type lectins, a family of thiol-dependent, metal-independent galactoside binding lectins, which includes an IgE-binding protein thought to be involved in IgE regulation. The 1100-bp insert of OvGalBP contains the entire protein coding region and has a 3' poly(A) tail. The two amino acid consensus sequences (WGxExR and HFNPRF) found in all of the S-type lectins are present. Purified recombinant protein expressed as a fusion with glutathione-S-transferase (OvGalBP-GST) was recognized by sera from a majority of filaria-infected patients but not by putatively immune individuals from an endemic area or by unexposed endemic and non-endemic controls. Interestingly, OvGalBP-GST specifically bound IgE (and not IgG) in a lactose-inhibitable manner, suggesting a potential role for this protein in the pathophysiology of human filarial infection.
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PMID:OvGalBP, a filarial antigen with homology to vertebrate galactoside-binding proteins. 796 71

A monoclonal antibody raised to a Teladorsagia circumcincta 31-33 kDa doublet antigen was used to immunoscreen a T. circumcincta cDNA expression library. Sheep antibodies eluted from the proteins expressed by two clones immunopositive with the monoclonal antibody specifically recognised the doublet antigen on Western blots of third stage larval extract, confirming that these clones coded for the antigen. Database searches revealed high levels of similarity with beta-galactoside-binding lectin-like proteins (Ga1BPs or galectins) from Caenorhabditis elegans and Onchocerca volvulus. By analogy with these sequences, both T. circumcincta cDNA clones contain the full-length protein coding region. The native doublet proteins could be preferentially extracted from homogenates of third stage larvae with lactose and could be affinity purified on an asialofetuin column, confirming the identity of these bands as galectins. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction amplification using a primer based on the C. elegans Spliced Leader SL1 sequence showed that the corresponding T. circumcincta mRNAs are also trans-spliced at their 5' ends. While there are considerable nucleotide differences between the two clones, the majority are located in the non-coding regions. Within the coding region there are 87 nucleotide differences but only three of these result in amino acid substitutions.
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PMID:cDNA cloning of galectins from third stage larvae of the parasitic nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta. 920 Jan 21

Fetal midgut volvulus is a quite rare disease. Here, we report a case of a preterm newborn with fetal peritonitis, jejunal atresia with volvulus of post-atresic small bowel since about 30 cm from ileo-cecal valve (ICV) followed by a not-used microileus and microcolon. The surgical intervention consisted in the resection of volvulated necrotic small bowel followed by primary anastomosis. After surgery, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been started since 16(th) of post-operative days when enteral feeding (EN) was administered with a lactose-free formula containing hydrolyzed protein and medium-chain triglycerides (Pregestimil). Re-establishing intestinal continuity was preferred rather than stoma that would have required TPN. In fact, re-operation could have led to a shorter residual small bowel (RSB), since the anastomosis was at 15 cm from ICV. Our study provides evidence that not only the type of procedure (enteral versus parenteral) of nutritional support, but also the type of milk may modify the outcome. Early EN should be encouraged in newborn abdominal surgical patients because it is associated with reduced complications.
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PMID:A case of fetal midgut volvulus and jejunal atresia: nutritional support and maintenance of mucosal function and integrity. 1866 97