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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Until 1980, 300 cases of gastric volvulus had been reported in the literature. Of these only 50 had presented in children. The disease is considered rare. We reviewed our experience at Sainte-Justine, in the last 30 years and found 10 cases, all of which diagnosed since 1980. Four patients were under one year of age. The other six were between 3 and 17 years old. In five the presentation was acute and three had had similar previous episodes. In 5 patients the presentation was chronic and in four of these the symptoms dated from birth. Seven associated anomalies were present in 6 cases. Diagnosis was made by x-rays. Eight patients were treated successfully with gastropexy. One premature baby was treated medically. Perhaps this entity is more common than generally thought. It should be suspected in an infant with regurgitation or vomiting and failure to thrive, and in a child with chronic, intermittent or acute upper abdominal pain and distension.
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PMID:[Gastric volvulus in children]. 360 87

Usually, axial hiatus hernia is a common disorder that produces no symptoms and requires no treatment and in the few patients who do experience symptoms, simple nonoperative treatment measures suffice. The typical symptoms of reflux esophagitis are heartburn and nocturnal regurgitation. Most patients respond well to nonoperative treatment; any associated axial hiatus hernia is not the cause of the symptoms of reflux esophagitis and does not need treatment. In the very few patients who do need an operation, fundoplication conducted through the abdomen is recommended. In nonaxial hiatus hernia the symptoms of intermittent obstruction and bleeding are due to volvulus of the herniated stomach; volvulus produces a closed-loop obstruction, a potentially dangerous condition. Surgical repair should be undertaken when the diagnosis is made, just as for other hernias of the abdominal wall and for the same cogent reasons. Prosthetic reinforced repair conducted through the abdomen is preferred.
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PMID:Hiatus hernia and reflux esophagitis. 366 48

A review of the world literature has revealed only 11 cases of gastric volvulus symptomatic in the first month of life. To those 11, this report adds two cases of intrathoracic organoaxial gastric volvulus that were observed in the first week of life and were managed operatively. Gastric volvulus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of newborn infants initially observed to have persisting regurgitation, vomiting, and respiratory distress. The diagnosis can be made with plain thoracoabdominal roentgenograms and confirmed by upper gastrointestinal contrast studies. Prompt surgical management is indicated and should include reduction and fixation of the stomach and repair of associated anomalies. The results of early surgery are excellent.
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PMID:Gastric volvulus in the newborn. 741 51

A 21-year-old white male with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) underwent emergency laparotomy and volvulus reduction for a strangulated ileus. Low blood pressure, rapid heart rate and dusky skin color indicated that he was in a hypovolemic and/or septic shock state. Communication with the patient was impossible because of severe mental retardation, deafness, and blindness, and he was quite combative and agitated. Because of an urgent situation and in anticipation of a great risk of regurgitation, no sedatives or anesthetics were used for induction of anesthesia. A large dose of vecuronium with a priming principle technique was the only agent used for endotracheal intubation. Vigorous fluid replacement and appropriate catecholamine therapy were required for the perioperative management and recovery from the shock state. Any cardiac episodes which have been reported in patients with RTS, such as supra-ventricular or ventricular arrhythmia, did not occur throughout the perioperative period. Lack of communication with the patient was an obstacle in the postoperative care, such as respiratory management or the estimation for the timing of extubation. In conclusion, the preparations for a possibly difficult airway and the possible occurrence of arrhythmia were thought to be prudent for the management of the patient with RTS.
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PMID:[Emergency operation and perioperative management for a patient with strangulated ileus and shock associated with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome]. 793 9

Six children, aged upto one year, with volvulus of the stomach are reported. Vomiting and regurgitation of feeds were the main presenting symptoms. Eventration of the left hemidiaphragm was present in four cases. Barium meal confirmed the diagnosis. Five cases were operated on through an abdominal approach. Plication of the diaphragm (3 cases), colonic displacement (2) and gastrostomy (3) were resorted to. One child needed reoperation for a missed Ladd's band. There was no operative mortality.
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PMID:Volvulus of stomach in childhood. 835 26

The authors reported two cases of gastric volvulus in female and male babies respectively 5 and 3 months old. Patients presented functional symptoms as vomiting, regurgitation. Baryum meal X ray allows to make diagnosis in meso-axial and organoxial varieties. They showed the interest to evocate this diagnosis related to an infant vomiting's diagnosis and discussed about therapeutic modality.
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PMID:[Gastric volvulus in the infant. Clinical and radiological diagnosis]. 982 42

A previously stranded 30-kg female green turtle (Chelonia mydas) was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at the University of Florida following a 2-mo history of anorexia, intermittent regurgitation, decreased fecal production, and positive buoyancy of the right side. Radiographs confirmed gaseous distension of bowel loops suggestive of intestinal obstruction. The coelom was surgically approached through a plastron osteotomy, and a 540 degrees volvulus of the small intestine was identified and derotated. An intestinal stricture was present at the site of the volvulus, and segments of bowel orad to the stricture were greatly distended. Following resection of abnormal bowel, the osteotomy was stabilized using self-tapping screws and figure-eight wire, and the defect was sealed with fiberglass cloth and fast-drying epoxy resin. A leiomyoma associated with the focal stricture was identified by histology. Appetite and defecation returned to normal. Six months after surgery, the turtle had regained normal buoyancy and showed no further clinical signs of gastrointestinal obstruction.
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PMID:Intestinal volvulus and stricture associated with a leiomyoma in a green turtle (Chelonia mydas). 1098 37

Cecal volvulus occurring in a child with CHARGE syndrome is presented. This boy was known to have CHARGE syndrome with multiple congenital anomalies, including coloboma, ventricular septal defect, choanal atresia, growth and mental retardation, bilateral cryptorchidism, dysplasia of the right ear, cleft lip, and hydrocephalus. Nissen's fundoplication had been previously performed for severe hiatal hernia and gastroesophageal regurgitation at the age of 1 year. Cecal volvulus occurred with a 540-degree clockwise rotation of terminal ileum to the right transverse colon and a displacement of the rotated loop to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen when he was 10 years old. Right hemicolectomy with divided ileo- and colostomy was performed. A second staged ileocolostomy was performed uneventfully 3 months later. The midline structural defects with nonfixation of the cecum and ascending colon, chronic constipation, and previous abdominal surgery might have been the predisposing factors.
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PMID:Cecal volvulus in a child with CHARGE syndrome. 1667 64

X-linked alpha thalassemia mental retardation (ATR-X) syndrome is associated with profound developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, genital abnormalities, and alpha thalassemia. Patients with ATR-X syndrome frequently present with gastrointestinal problems, in particular feeding difficulties, regurgitation and vomiting, abdominal pain, distension, and chronic constipation. Parental reports of prolonged food refusal and distress in these children are common and although these episodes are suspected to be gastro-intestinal in origin they are rarely investigated. Death in early childhood from aspiration of vomitus or from pneumonia presumed to be secondary to aspiration has been recorded in a number of ATR-X cases. In this report we review the gastrointestinal phenotype of ATR-X syndrome in 128 cases. We also demonstrate that in two siblings, regurgitation was secondary to gastric pseudo-volvulus, a condition in which the stomach does not have a normal system of peritoneal ligaments and changes position with possible torsion around itself. Furthermore, ultra-short Hirschsprung disease with colonic hypoganglionosis was shown and this may contribute to the severe constipation affecting these children.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal phenotype of ATR-X syndrome. 1668 41

Gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) is a common emergency condition in large and giant breed dogs that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Dogs with GDV classically fulfill the criteria for the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and can go on to develop multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Previously reported organ dysfunctions in dogs with GDV include cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, coagulation and renal dysfunction. Cardiovascular manifestations of GDV include shock, cardiac arrhythmias and myocardial dysfunction. Respiratory dysfunction is also multifactorial, with contributory factors including decreased respiratory excursion due to gastric dilatation, decreased pulmonary perfusion and aspiration pneumonia. Gastrointestinal dysfunction includes gastric necrosis and post-operative gastrointestinal upset such as regurgitation, vomiting, and ileus. Coagulation dysfunction is another common feature of MODS in dogs with GDV. Disseminated intravascular coagulation can occur, putting them at risk of complications associated with thrombosis in the early hypercoagulable state and hemorrhage in the subsequent hypocoagulable state. Acute kidney injury, acid-base and electrolyte disturbances are also reported in dogs with GDV. Understanding the potential for systemic effects of GDV allows the clinician to monitor patients astutely and detect such complications early, facilitating early intervention to maximize the chance of successful management.
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PMID:Cardiovascular and systemic effects of gastric dilatation and volvulus in dogs. 2549 23


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