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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective study of 38 cases of sigmoid volvulus is reported. The relative frequency of this pathology among young people in Morocco is noted. In 82% of cases diagnosis was without difficulty; and in two cases an associated small bowel volvulus was found. When deciding on the therapeutic approach it is essential to differentiate between cases in which the sigmoid colon is necrotic and those in which the changes are reversible. In the latter, the authors recommend a non surgical reduction (using flatus tube or better: colonoscopy with elective surgery performed at later date. If initial reduction proves impossible, colonic resection with colostomy appears to give the best results.
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PMID:[Volvulus of the sigmoid. Review of 38 cases]. 226 91

Diagnosis of the acute sigmoid volvulus is made by opacification of the colon by water-soluble chemicals. Therapeutic attitude is oriented by the results of an emergency colonoscopy. An emergency laparotomy is indicated when the mucosae presents an ischemic or necrotic aspect; a resection without anastomosis is performed according to Bouilly-Volkman's intervention in the best cases, Hartman's one in others. A normal colonoscopy authorizes a medical treatment with attempt of detorsion by passage of a flatus tube per rectum. A controlled success permits a delayed intervention ten days after with resection and anastomosis. Failure of medical treatment returns the surgical approach in emergency circumstances]
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PMID:[Current therapeutic attitude in volvulus of the pelvic colon in tropical areas]. 262 17

A 10-year-old German Shepherd Dog with intermittent eructation, borborygmi, flatulence, abdominal bloating, and vomiting was found to have gastric volvulus. Gastric emptying of liquids (determined with a modified emptying-time technique) was normal. Circumcostal gastropexy vastly reduced clinical signs and resulted in weight gain.
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PMID:Suspected chronic gastric volvulus in a dog with normal gastric emptying of liquids. 367 59

Five cases of mobile cecum syndrome are presented. These patients all presented with chronic right lower quadrant abdominal pain with associated abdominal distention and symptomatic relief after passing flatus or having a bowel movement. Three patients had preoperative barium enemas demonstrating abnormal mobility of the cecum. On exploration, all patients were found to have the cecum and ascending colon unattached to the lateral peritoneum for 15 to 18 cm. All patients were treated by cecopexy, using a lateral peritoneal flap for fixation, and all have had relief of their pain. This technique is described and illustrated. Cecopexy is an effective method of fixing the cecum and prevents subsequent cecal volvulus. The diagnosis of mobile cecum syndrome should be considered in patients with chronic right lower quadrant pain.
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PMID:Mobile cecum syndrome. 673 64

The most common cause of colonic obstruction is adenocarcinoma, followed by diverticulitis, volvulus, and a variety of miscellaneous causes. Most signs and symptoms, from whatever cause, consist of abdominal pain with distention and the inability to pass flatus or stool. The clinical diagnosis is confirmed by x-ray studies. Plain films of the abdomen in various positions, chest films, and the addition of contrast studies verify the cause of the obstruction in most instances. The differentiation between neoplasm and diverticulitis causing the obstruction can be difficult or impossible at times, and may become apparent only after the obstruction begins to resolve with conservative management, or the cause is discovered at surgery. The history of previous abdominal or pelvic irradiation, surgery, and inflammatory bowel disease often causes difficulty in the differential diagnosis.
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PMID:The diagnosis of colonic obstruction. 711 69

Sixty-six consecutive patients, admitted to St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, with sigmoid volvulus, fell into two groups, 60 without and six with acquired megacolon. In the former group, flatus tube decompression was usually successful, and sigmoid resection provided a cure. In the group with megacolon, the history was longer; patients more often had bowel symptoms before or between acute episodes of volvulus; flatus tube decompression was rarely successful; and symptoms persisted after sigmoidectomy and were sometimes associated with recurrence of volvulus of the new "sigmoid." It seems that nothing less than total colectomy will cure these patients.
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PMID:Sigmoid volvulus with and without megacolon. 712 69

Sigmoid volvulus may present in different ways, ranging from a dramatic acute onset to recurrent minor episodes, with symptoms varying in degree of severity in between. In elderly patients and those who already have gangrene of the colon at presentation, the operative morbidity and mortality are high. It has been suggested that perhaps half the patients presenting with acute sigmoid volvulus have a history of previous mild recurrent attacks that have reduced spontaneously. It should be possible to recognise these episodes of subclinical volvulus and to institute treatment before the development of obstruction or possible gangrene. In the 3 cases presented here, features suggestive of subclinical volvulus, viz. abdominal pains, distension, constipation and dramatic passage of flatus are highlighted. Redundant sigmoid colon on barium enema, plus the clinical features mentioned, are virtually diagnostic, and prophylactic surgery is justified to avoid the mortality and morbidity associated with established cases of sigmoid volvulus.
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PMID:Spontaneous untwisting in sigmoid volvulus--the case for 'prophylactic' surgery. A report of 3 cases. 759 3

A qualitative anthropological study in Gondar region, northwestern Ethiopia, revealed a very striking difference in cultural patterns of defecation in the two sexes which coincided with a high male/female ratio (16.5:1) of sigmoid volvulus morbidity in the regional hospital. Adult males show very irregular bowel behaviour, with bowel motions varying from zero to four per day. Irregular bowel behaviour in males, combined with the population's consumption of high fibre diets producing flatus and bulky stools, appears to overload the sigmoid colon, which elongates and dilates gradually, and subsequently undergoes volvulus occasionally. In women, on the other hand, the custom of limiting defecation to dawn and dusk is strictly adhered to and this regularity of bowel movements seems to protect them from overloading of the sigmoid colon and its consequences, despite their consumption of similar diets. In conclusion, it is believed that the high male/female ratio in sigmoid volvulus morbidity in Gondar region appears to be connected to gender specific patterns of defecation.
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PMID:Cultural bowel patterns and sex difference in sigmoid volvulus morbidity in an Ethiopian hospital. 855 44

Pneumatosis intestinalis is defined as the presence of gas within the bowel wall. Small bowel pneumatosis is less commonly reported and more severe than colonic disease in adults. Pneumatosis coli is characterised by multiple collections of encysted gas occurring within the sub-mucosa and subserosa of the colon and rectum. It is an uncommon condition which typically presents in late middle age and has been associated with a number of gastrointestinal (e.g. pyloric stenosis, sigmoid volvulus and ischaemic bowel) and non-gastrointestinal (e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression and multiple sclerosis) diseases. Some cases, however, are idiopathic or primary. Symptoms can include diarrhoea, constipation, mucus per rectum, bleeding, flatus, abdominal pain and, rarely, faecal incontinence. We report on two patients, one of whom presented with faecal incontinence, the other who had troublesome lower gastrointestinal symptoms including faecal incontinence. Both responded well to continuous oxygen therapy.
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PMID:Pneumatosis coli: an uncommon but treatable cause of faecal incontinence. 1062 93

A 55-year old man presented with acute sigmoid volvulus. The distal level of obstruction was above the level which could be reached by the rigid sigmoidoscope to allow decompression, and so a flatus tube was "lassoed" onto the side of a flexible endoscope which allowed accurate placement under direct vision. This technique allows accurate placement of catheters, feeding tubes and other devices endoscopically, which cannot be placed through the instrument channel of the endoscope.
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PMID:Endoscopic placement of flatus tube using "lasso" technique with snare wire. 1700 62


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