Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There are three main groups of indications of lower digestive tract endoscopy: (1) endoscopy may be performed to detect adenomatous polyps and thus prevent colorectal cancer by systematic excision of these polyps before they become invasive malignancies; (2) it may also be performed in patients whose symptoms (e.g. pain, diarrhoea or anaemia) may be due to a lesion of the colon. It usually provides evidence of such diseases as colorectal adenocarcinoma, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, pseudomembranous colitis, post-irradiation colitis, collagen colitis, ischaemic colitis or colonic angiodysplasia; (3) finally, emergency endoscopy can be used in case of rectal haemorrhage, where it is often completed by haemostasis, or in case of volvulus, where it removes the occlusion.
 ...
PMID:[The main indications for lower endoscopies]. 200 76

The diagnosis of malrotation is easily made in the neonatal period, but is often delayed in older patients. Among 82 patients treated for malrotation in this institution, 45 patients presented with symptoms related to their malrotation, seven were diagnosed at exploration for concomitant intrinsic duodenal obstruction, and 30 patients had malrotations discovered as incidental findings at laparotomy or autopsy. Among the 45 symptomatic patients, 25 (56%) underwent surgery in the first month of life, whereas 20 patients (44%) underwent surgery at an older age. In this last group, the mean age at surgery was 51.5 months (range, 2 months to 16 years), the mean age of onset of symptoms was 2 years (range, 0 to 15 years) and the mean delay in diagnosis was 1.7 years. Although bilious vomiting was the presenting symptom among all patients undergoing surgery in the neonatal period, clinical features of older patients included intestinal obstruction (7), chronic abdominal pain (4), malabsorption/diarrhea (3), peritonitis/septic shock (2), solid food intolerance (1), common bile duct obstruction (1), abdominal distention (1), and delayed transit postappendectomy (1). The frequency of midgut volvulus was equal among both groups. Unusual forms of malrotation were more frequent in patients undergoing surgery beyond the neonatal period. In this group there was evidence of chronic venous and lymphatic obstruction with one case of superior mesenteric vein thrombosis and two cases of intestinal gangrene. A Ladd's procedure was performed in all cases and the most frequent postoperative complication was adhesive intestinal obstruction. There were no deaths. Awareness of the unusual presentation in patients who present beyond the neonatal period may help reduce delays in diagnosis and surgical treatment. We believe that laparotomy is indicated in all patients with malrotation, even if they are asymptomatic.
 ...
PMID:Malrotation presenting beyond the neonatal period. 227 27

The site and nature of lesions producing gastrointestinal bleeding was evaluated in pediatric patients admitted to Tokai University Hospital. The differential diagnosis was possible based upon the character of the bleeding and the age of the patient. Upper endoscopy is the diagnostic maneuver of choice in evaluating the upper gastrointestinal bleeders. Sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, technetium scans, tagged red cell scans and intraoperative angiography were helpful in locating bleeding sites of lower bleeders. Common causes of bleeding were as follows: Hemorrhagic disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, and midgut volvulus in neonates; intussusception and internal hernia in infants; juvenile polyp and infectious diarrhea in children; duodenal ulcer and ulcerative colitis in adolescents. Gastro-duodenal ulcers were found in all age groups. One neonate died of indomethacin induced bleeding, however, bleeding from acute ulcer was usually controlled by conservative treatments. Increasing frequency of variceal bleeding due to portal hypertension after successful Kasai procedure for congenital biliary atresia was emphasized.
 ...
PMID:[Gastrointestinal bleeding in children]. 258 65

We reviewed the records of patients with cecal volvulus at three affiliated hospitals of Eastern Virginia Medical School to elucidate its incidence, patterns of presentation, and current methods of surgical management. We identified 109 patients in whom a discharge diagnosis of intestinal obstruction due to volvulus was made from 1966 to 1985. In 12 patients (11%) laparotomy showed the volvulus at the terminal ileum and cecum. The presenting symptoms in this group were distention in ten (83%), pain in seven (58%), obstipation or constipation in two (17%), and diarrhea in one (8%). Diagnosis was achieved by plain abdominal films in five (45%); barium enema was obtained in six patients and was diagnostic in five (83%). Two patients had delay in diagnosis with subsequent gangrene of cecum; one of them died. No deaths occurred in the group with viable bowel. Treatment was by simple detorsion without fixation in two (17%), detorsion with cecopexy in two (17%), tube cecostomy in three (25%), and ileocolectomy in three (25%). Simple detorsion was not followed by recurrence of the volvulus in any case in this series. Cecopexy for viable colon and ileocolectomy for gangrenous colon appeared to have the lowest rates of complications.
 ...
PMID:Cecal volvulus: review of 12 cases. 317 30

Volvulus, ileus, and internal herniation may be consequences of intestinal malposition in childhood. Bacterial overgrowth, obstipation, diarrhoea, and malabsorption may additionally develop over time in the absence of adequate treatment. One in three positional abnormalities is diagnosed only intraoperatively. The surgeon has to expect such surprise findings as a condition for adequate therapeutic action.
 ...
PMID:[Abnormalities in positioning and shape of the intestines in children]. 359 Oct 41

A 73-year-old woman developed abnormal electrolyte and water loss from an excluded rectosigmoid segment after surgical treatment of a volvulus of the sigmoid colon. Rectal discharges lasted almost for a year, until it spontaneously resolved after restoration of large bowel continuity. Despite extensive investigation, including endoscopic, radiologic, microscopic, bacteriologic and parasitic examinations, no satisfactory explanation of the diarrhea could be found. The histologic pattern of the excluded segment showed a striking increase in mucosal thickness and in number and height of goblet cells. These abnormalities disappeared after closure of the colostomy. Electrolyte composition of the rectal fluid, which contained 134 mmol potassium and 22 mmol sodium per liter was remarkable and similar to that of normal stool water and anal discharges of patients with ulcerative proctitis.
 ...
PMID:Idiopathic chronic watery diarrhea from excluded rectosigmoid with goblet cell hyperplasia cured by restoration of large bowel continuity. 372 Apr 72

The case of an 18-year-old man with sigmoid volvulus and recurrent abdominal pain is presented. He was seen in the emergency department three times in a 4-month period, each time complaining of cramping left lower quadrant pain of one to two hours duration without vomiting or diarrhea. Physical examination on each occasion revealed left lower quadrant tenderness without mass, guarding, or rebound. Radiologic evaluation on the first visit revealed sigmoid volvulus, which was reduced by barium enema. Despite identical clinical presentation on two subsequent occasions, radiologic studies showed no evidence of recurrent volvulus. During the ensuing two years, the patient has had no further symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Sigmoid volvulus in a young patient. 647 22

Congenital chloride diarrhoea (CCD) is an inherited inborn error of metabolism. Hydramnios, premature birth, no passage of meconium and a distended abdomen are the typical features of this disease in the neonate. Loss of Cl- from the intestines leads to urine-like diarrhoea, severe dehydration and alkalosis. Without treatment the mortality rate is high. The abdominal distension may erroneously be ascribed to an intestinal obstruction and thereby lead to unnecessary operations and delay of adequate treatment. There is an overrepresentation of intestinal volvulus in reported cases. Three of the five cases of CCD seen at our departments exemplify these surgical implications.
 ...
PMID:Surgical implications of congenital chloride diarrhoea. 663 23

From 1945 to 1975 61 cases of atresias and stenoses of the small intestine distal to the ligament of Treitz and atresias and stenoses of the colon were treated at the University Children's Hospital Zurich. The long-term results of 51 well documented cases are presented and the influence of improvement of operative techniques the establishment of an intensive care unit and the introduction of long-term parenteral nutrition is analyzed. Cases treated during the earlier period (1945-1965) are compared with those from 1966 to 1975. The overall-all mortality was high. Out of 51 patients there were only 19 long-term survivors. During the first period 71% died, during the second 52%. The reason for the still high mortality is especially the high number of intraoperative additional complicating findings (meconium peritonitis, volvulus etc.). Additional malformations in other organ systems and low birth weight were not important factors for survival in this series. None of the 19 long-term survivors had to be reoperated after the first discharge from the hospital. At late control they were healthy, and most of them without abdominal symptoms. Only three complained of occasional diarrhoea. All but one were within normal percentiles for weight and height.
 ...
PMID:[Long-term results in intestinal atresias and stenoses distal to the ligament of Treitz (author's transl)]. 728 56

An autogenous oral E. coli vaccine was tested for efficacy in the treatment of chronic diarrhoea in dogs (n = 82) and cats (n = 50) under field conditions. The data were collected through evaluation of questionnaires completed and returned by veterinarians. After oral application of the E. coli vaccine the symptoms of diarrhoea were stopped in 71% of the treated animals within two to five days. In further 15% of the cases the enteric symptoms continued but were not so severe as in the beginning of the treatment. There was no therapeutic success with the oral E. coli vaccine in further 14% of the animals in cause of food allergy, ascariasis, volvulus or pancreatic insufficiency.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of chronic diarrhea in dogs and cats under field conditions using oral E. coli vaccines]. 779 81


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>