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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 1993 and 1996 nine mentally retarded patients presented because of an acute abdomen. All had the habit of aerophagia, diagnosed previously by a general practitioner. Massive distension of the bowel led to ileus, volvulus, and necrosis. After placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy catheter or performing a gastrostomy during laparotomy with the intention to use as a desufflator, no recurrence of the signs and symptoms of an acute abdomen were observed.
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PMID:Acute abdomen in mentally retarded patients: role of aerophagia. Report of nine cases. 1039 Nov 73

Bilious vomiting in newborns is an urgent condition that requires the immediate involvement of a team of pediatric surgeons and neonatologists for perioperative management. However, initial detection, evaluation and treatment are often performed by nurses, family physicians and general pediatricians. Bilious vomiting, with or without abdominal distention, is an initial sign of intestinal obstruction in newborns. A naso- or orogastric tube should be placed immediately to decompress the stomach. Physical examination should be followed by plain abdominal films. Dilated bowel loops and air-fluid levels suggest surgical obstruction. Contrast radiography may be required. Duodenal atresia, midgut malrotation and volvulus, jejunoileal atresia, meconium ileus and necrotizing enterocolitis are the most common causes of neonatal intestinal obstruction.
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PMID:Bilious vomiting in the newborn: rapid diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. 1082 Nov 58

A 77-year-old man known with chronic abdominal complaints and a malabsorption syndrome presented with ileus, peritonitis and air in the abdominal cavity. Surgery showed perforation of a jejunal diverticulum and extensive small bowel diverticulosis. The pathologic segment was surgically removed but the patient died afterwards of septic shock, diffuse intravascular coagulation and multi-organ failure. Small bowel diverticulosis has a prevalence of 0.3-2.5% and symptoms are present only in the minority of the cases. Apart from bacterial overgrowth and malabsorption, complications include bleeding, mechanical obstruction, volvulus and perforation. Diagnosis is difficult and mostly made by double-contrast radiology of the small bowel or during laparotomy. Treatment can be conservative in most patients; only in case of severe and persistent symptoms or complications like ileus, bleeding, perforation or volvulus, resection of the affected bowel segment is indicated.
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PMID:[Diverticulosis of the small bowel]. 1082 50

Nonrotation of the midgut in adults and appendiceal mucocele are both rare pathological conditions. We report here the first case of nonrotation of the midgut associated with appendiceal mucocele. The patient was a 51-year-old man admitted to hospital with ileus. An upper gastrointestinal series and a barium enema revealed nonrotation of the midgut without midgut volvulus and with a mass in the ileocecal area. Laparotomy revealed an appendiceal mucocele adhering to the urinary bladder and the rectum. The mucocele had partly ruptured; yellowish mucinous material had entered the abdominal cavity, resulting in pseudomyxoma peritonei. Histological examination revealed a mucinous tumor of the appendix with borderline malignancy. In this patient, the ileus was caused by the appendiceal mucocele rather than being caused by nonrotation of the midgut.
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PMID:Nonrotation of the midgut with appendiceal mucocele in an adult. 1121 Dec 10

The definition of ileus has undergone deep changes over the last three millennia. The term ileus was originally used in Classic Greece to describe a common cause of intestinal obstruction, and subsequently the Romans would often translate it into the Latin word volvulus. During the Renaissance, ileus, volvulus and intussusception became synonymous with a vulgar term--Miserere Mei or Miserere colic--whose origin and evolution are still much of a mystery. This paper provides some historical investigation on the Miserere Mei or Miserere colic, with the aim of discussing its evolution within medical literature during the 17th and 18th centuries.
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PMID:Miserere colic (Miserere mei). Contribution on etymology and clinical features; hypothesis on its appearance in medical literature during centuries 17th-18th. 1146 78

To determine the incidence of cystic fibrosis (CF) in neonates with intestinal obstruction (NIO) secondary to meconium ileus (MI), jejunoileal atresia (JA), meconium plug syndrome (MPS), volvulus (V), and meconium peritonitis (MP) and analyze the correlation of ultrasonographic (US) signs with CF in NIO with a prenatal diagnosis of intestinal anomaly, a prospective analysis of different types of NIO from 1990 to 1998 was undertaken. Immunoreactive trypsin measurement, genetic studies, and sweat tests were performed to confirm or rule out CF. Cases with prenatal diagnosis were analyzed for gestational age, dilated bowel, ascites, hyperechoic bowel, and calcifications. Of 80 neonates, 19 (24%) had CF: 2/33 (6%) JA, 6/14 (43%) MPS, 1/14 (7.1%) MP, 10/10 (100%) MI, and 0/9 V. Thirty (37.5%) had a prenatal diagnosis of an intestinal anomaly. The overall incidence of CF in NIO with a prenatal diagnosis of intestinal anomaly was 4/30 (13%), or 333 times the estimated risk of CF in the general population. A hyperechoic pattern with dilated bowel was associated with higher specificity for CF: 3/3 cases (100%), followed by hyperechoic bowel with ascites: 3/4 cases (75%). All babies with any type of NIO should thus be screened for CF. Prenatal screening for CF should be indicated in all pregnancies with US patterns of specific intestinal disorders.
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PMID:The impact of cystic fibrosis on neonatal intestinal obstruction: the need for prenatal/neonatal screening. 1272 30

Two of 15 children who survived neonatal meconium ileus had "meconium ileus equivalent." They were treated with hydration, pancreatic enzyme therapy and antibiotics. One of these children died from pulmonary disease at the time of the bowel obstruction. The survival rate of infants with meconium ileus is steadily improving because of prompt operative intervention, better preoperative and postoperative care and long-term treatment with enzyme supplements and antibiotics. Late intestinal obstruction due to adhesive bands, volvulus, intussusception or "meconium ileus equivalent" may occur in children previously treated for meconium ileus of infancy. The omission of pancreatic enzyme supplementation and the occurrence of respiratory infections are frequently associated with "meconium ileus equivalent."In this series of patients four of the infants treated surgically for neonatal meconium ileus died in the early postoperative period.
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PMID:LATE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION IN PATIENTS SURVIVING NEONATAL MECONIUM ILEUS. 1434 16

Primary volvulus of the small intestine is rare in neonates. We report a case of primary volvulus of the ileum in a preterm newborn. Vomiting and abdominal distension began 10 hours after birth, followed by hypovolemia, hyponatremia, and acidosis. Plain abdominal radiograph revealed a pattern of diffuse ileus and very dilated loops at the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. Three days later, another plain film showed increased fluid accumulation and decreased air in these dilated loops. Emergency laparotomy revealed primary volvulus of the distal ileum with gangrenous change. Resection of the necrotic ileum with an end-to-end ileoileostomy was performed and the patient recovered fully. In a newborn with ileus and rapidly deteriorating hemodynamics, early surgical intervention is essential to achieve good prognosis.
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PMID:Primary volvulus of the ileum in a preterm infant. 1497 72

Mesenteric lipoma is a rare benign tumor of mature fat cells. Although generally asymptomatic, it occasionally causes abdominal pain, ileus, and small bowel volvulus, depending on its location and size. A definitive diagnosis can be made by pathological examination. Ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomography show this lesion as a well-defined, homogeneous mass with fat density surrounded by a thin capsule. Because of its rare etiologic origin, we report the case of a 7-year-old girl with a mass in the abdomen and ileus, found to be caused by a mesenteric lipoma.
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PMID:Giant mesenteric lipoma as a rare cause of ileus in a child: report of a case. 1510 93

About one-half of patients with meconium ileus (MI) present with a complication such as volvulus, atresia, meconium peritonitis or giant cystic meconium peritonitis. The treatment of these complications requires surgery. However, the preoperative diagnosis of complicated MI is difficult. We describe two neonates with complicated small-bowel obstruction, one with MI related to cystic fibrosis and the other not related to cystic fibrosis. In both, contrast enema depicted a spiral appearance of the distal small bowel, which at surgery proved to be the result of volvulus associated with antenatal bowel perforation. This appearance of the small bowel on contrast enema in this clinical setting has not been previously described. The recognition of this spiral appearance of the distal small bowel suggests the need for surgery.
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PMID:Contrast enema depiction of small-bowel volvulus in complicated neonatal bowel obstruction. 1537 40


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