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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Systematic lymphographic studies in 13 cases of infection with Onchocerca volvulus have enabled a "lymphographic diagram" to be made for each infected patient. The images obtained are similar to those observed in wuchereriasis. The microfilariae in onchocerciasis, however, are not transmitted in the lymphatic system, and the lesions, which vary according to the degree of infestation, show little progression. They are found mainly in the inguino-crural ganglia which are the first main ganglionic relay system for the lower limbs.
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PMID:[Results of lymphography in 13 cases of onchocerciasis]. 65 Jun 32

In the focus of human onchocerciasis in Togo (Mono River), the authors collected 250 Simulium damnosum s.l. engorged on a cow parasitized by O. dukei, O. ochengi, O. gutturosa and O. armillata. On 39 Simulium damnosum dissected 24 h after the blood meal, 5 had ingested O. gutturosa, 1 O. armillata, 18 O. dukei and 6 O. ochengi; only for O. ochengi, the microfilariae have reached the hemocoel (3. S. damnosum on 6). From 48 h to 5 days, 6 on 132 S. damnosum contained developing larvae (2 Simulium with young first stage larvae at 48th hour; 1 with young first stage at 3rd day; 1 with first molting at 4th day; 2 with second molting larvae at 5th day). From 6th to 9th days, 2 Simulium on 89 have infective stages. All these larvae cannot be distinguished from those of O. volvulus. A good presumption does exist that O. ochengi can develop in S. damnosum: crossing of the stomach wall only by these microfilariae, presence of larvae of which the development-stage corresponds to the moment of the blood-meal, observation of the second molting five days later. It is difficult to ascertain that the three infective stages observed from 6th to 9th day pertain to O. ochengi, because the presence of a natural (human or animal) infestation; but it appears quite impossible that larvae which can develop to the second molting cannot be transformed in an infective stage.
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PMID:[Observations on the life cycle of O. ochengi in Simulium damnosum s.l. in Togo (author's transl)]. 75 27

Ascaris lumbricoides infestation is the most common helminthic disease in many developing countries and may cause severe surgical complications, especially in children. We present a 3-year-old Ethiopian immigrant brought to hospital directly from the airport because of signs of acute abdomen. It was found to be caused by volvulus and necrosis of a loop of bowel impacted with worms. The necrotic bowel loop was resected and a temporary ileostomy was formed; recovery was uneventful. This disease and its severe complications are rare in Israel and the western world. Awareness of its occurrence is important in view of the present world-wide large-scale immigration from developing countries.
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PMID:[Ascaris lumbricoides--a cause of acute abdomen]. 151 72

1934 Bantus and 379 Pygmies were investigated for Loa loa and Mansonella perstans filariasis in 7 villages in the Chaillu forest of the Congo. Bantus were more frequently infected with L. loa than Pygmies (18.9% of microfilariae carriers compared with 10.6%). In individuals over 30 years of age, males were more frequently infected than females. Microfilarial densities increased until the age of 20 years and then remained stable. Parasite load was not significantly different in the two ethnic groups. For mansonelliasis, the microfilarial rate was higher in the Pygmies (67.5% compared with 22.0%) and males of the 2 groups were more frequently infected than females. Microfilarial load was also higher in Pygmies than in Bantus (mean microfilarial densities (MfD 50) 13 and 2 respectively). In the Pygmy group, MfD 50 for M. perstans increased with age whereas it remained stable in the Bantus. 53.8% of the 249 questioned persons had experienced worm migration under the conjunctiva. Both ethnic groups were equally exposed to the vectors of L. loa and reasons for the difference in prevalence of microfilaria carriers are discussed. For mansonelliasis increased contact with vectors may explain the higher degree of infestation observed in Pygmies. Other filariases were infrequent in (Mansonella streptocerca), or absent from (Onchocerca volvulus and Wuchereria bancrofti), the study area.
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PMID:Loa loa and Mansonella perstans filariasis in the Chaillu mountains, Congo: parasitological prevalence. 261 7

Infestation with organisms causing lymphatic filariasis (i.e. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi) results in a variety of clinical presentations. It is possible that some of the variation is due to differences in host response to parasite. To determine whether individuals who live in an endemic area but differ in their clinical manifestations respond to different filarial antigens, we screened Onchocerca volvulus expression libraries with sera from a number of individuals belonging to different clinical groups. The results of the study demonstrate that there are indeed differences in the recognition of three cloned filarial antigens and that this differential recognition is related to clinical symptomatology. The most striking finding is that an Onchocerca volvulus protein homologous to the 70 kDa Xenopus laevis heat shock protein is primarily recognized by individuals who are amicrofilaremic. Further analysis is required to determine whether these antigens play any role in the pathogenesis of filarial infection or have any potential value in protective immunity.
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PMID:Onchocerca volvulus heat shock protein 70 is a major immunogen in amicrofilaremic individuals from a filariasis-endemic area. 270 88

Microfilaria of Onchocerca volvulus are localized in superficial dermis. However, they are sometimes noticed in the blood and urines, when there is an important infestation. Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) bring on an increase of microfilaria, successively in the blood and after, in the urines. This study of 30 patients, treated in double blind by placebo, DEC and ivermectin, a new molecule with spectacular action on this filariasis, allowed to compare effect of each one on apparition of microfilariae in the blood and urines. Ivermectin bring on very important increase of microfilaremia without microfilaruria, unlike diethylcarbamazine. This establishment bring to discuss very different physiologic mechanisms between them. It should have an incidence on diagnosis and treatment of this dangerous parasite.
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PMID:[Effects of diethylcarbamazine and ivermectin on the mobilization of microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus]. 279 92

The effects of Onchocerca volvulus infection on immunoglobulin levels have been studied in subjects from three localities with different onchocerciasis prevalence rates. Infestation by O. volvulus provoked a 200-500% rise in total serum IgE levels. Immunoglobulins G, M. and A were increased less dramatically. To study further the IgE response, radioallergosorbent test (RAST) systems were developed using total extract of O. volvulus and Onchocerca supernatant (excretory-secretory) antigens. Both antigen preparations reacted with more than 80% of the onchocerciasis sera from the hyperendemic village, but the reactions were not proportionate to skin microfilarial density. There were also positive reactions with sera of some individuals whose skin biopsies showed no microfilariae, indicating prior exposure to the parasite. European control sera tested under similar conditions reacted only slightly in the RAST system. The developed RAST systems may thus be used for determining prior exposure to O. volvulus.
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PMID:Serum immunoglobulin E levels in onchocerciasis: the development of a radioallergosorbent test for Onchocerca volvulus infection. 400 65

A 14-year-old native of Ethiopia with previously treated onchocerciasis moved to California where he was examined for evidence of persisting nematode infestation. Skin and conjunctival biopsy specimens initially disclosed no abnormalities. Subsequently, conjunctival nodules developed, and a biopsy specimen of one of these revealed microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus lying adjacent to a necrotic eosinophilic granulomatous inflammatory nodule. To our knowledge, nodules of this type have not heretofore been reported to be a notable feature of ocular onchocerciasis. This type of inflammation has a relationship to degenerating microfilaria in onchocerciasis and in other nematode infestation.
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PMID:Conjunctival nodules associated with onchocerciasis. 400 23

The article reports on the rare case of a 1 1/2-year-old child with volvulus of the small intestine in mass infestation with Ascaris lumbricoides. Genesis, clinical signs and differential diagnosis are discussed.
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PMID:[Small bowel volvulus caused by Ascaris lumbricoides in an infant]. 666 71

A 36-year-old white male schoolteacher presented with a painless, semifluctuant mass on the volar aspect of his forearm and symptoms of ring finger tenosynovitis and median nerve compression. At operation there was a widespread infestation of the flexor tendon compartment, the carpal tunnel, and the tendon sheaths of the ringer finger with Onchocerca volvulus, a filarial nematode, not previously reported in the these tissues.
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PMID:Onchocerciasis of the flexor compartment of the forearm: a case report. 743 May 89


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