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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There are several surgical complications which can occur following simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT). Although intestinal obstruction is known to be a common complication after any type of abdominal surgery, the occurrence of small bowel volvulus, which is one of the rare causes of intestinal obstruction, following SPKT has not been published before. A 24-year-old woman suffering from type I diabetes mellitus with complications of nephropathy resulting in end stage renal disease (ESRD), neuropathy and retinopathy underwent SPKT. On the postoperative month 5, she was brought to the emergency service due to abdominal distention with mild abdominal pain. After laboratory research and diagnostic radiological tests had been carried out, she underwent exploratory laparotomy to determine the pathology for acute abdominal symptoms. Intra-operative observation revealed the presence of an almost totally ischemic small bowel which had occurred due to clockwise rotation of the mesentery. Initially, simple derotation was performed to avoid intestinal resection because of her risky condition, particularly for short bowel syndrome, and subsequent intestinal response was favorable. Thus, surgical treatment was successfully employed to solve the problem without any resection procedure. The patient's postoperative follow-up was uneventful and she was discharged from hospital on postoperative day 7. According to our clinical viewpoint, this study emphasizes that if there is even just a suspicion of acute abdominal problem in a patient with SPKT, surgical intervention should be promptly performed to avoid any irreversible result and to achieve a positive outcome.
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PMID:Management of small bowel volvulus in a patient with simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT): a case report. 1790 65

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO), a rare, debilitating disorder of bowel motility dysfunction, is largely a clinical diagnosis, without any universally accepted diagnostic criteria. Three subgroups are generally acknowledged based on the cell-type affected: enteric visceral myopathy (the most common subgroup), neuropathy, and mesenchymopathy. A fourth subgroup includes abnormalities of neurohormonal peptides. Although immunohistochemical staining is reportedly useful for identifying the mesenchymopathic type, its role in diagnosing enteric visceral myopathy and neuropathy has been fraught with difficulties. We present two cases of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction that are clinically and histopathologically suggestive of type III visceral enteric myopathy, aiming to expound upon the diagnostic and pathogenic features. We found that the outer-longitudinal layer of the muscularis propria was more severely affected as compared with the inner circular layer. To investigate the value of this finding, we performed immunostains in the one case in which a paraffin block was available. We found increased peripherin and calretinin immunopositive nerve fibers in the outer layer as compared with inner, but without any significant increase in S-100 positivity or alteration in neuronal morphology of myenteric plexus, a novel finding. This differential staining pattern was completely different from Hirschsprung disease, in which we found rare to absent peripherin and calretinin staining. It is unclear if this increase in the outer layer in visceral myopathy reflects a reactive change or dysfunctional axons. In addition, the history of volvulus in one patient and transmural inflammatory changes in the second raise concerns about the higher propensity of clinical complications secondary to the attenuated outer muscular layer. This study suggests that enteric visceral myopathy has histologic and staining characteristics different from Hirschsprung disease, a finding of diagnostic significance in the differential diagnosis of bowel obstruction. Moreover, these features may have pathogenic value and need further confirmation.
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PMID:Two Cases of Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction: A Comparison of Staining Characteristics of Enteric Visceral Myopathy With Hirschsprung Disease. 2680 29