Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have autotransplanted highly purified cryopreserved canine islets into pancreatectomized dogs. Islets were frozen by slow cooling (0.25 degrees C/min) to -40 degrees C, stored at -196 degrees C and thawed rapidly (200 degrees C/min). A total of 7868 +/- 665 (means +/- SE) cryopreserved islets/kg body weight were implanted to the spleen (n = 7) by venous reflux, and seven other control dogs received 6811 +/- 653 fresh islets/kg (P versus cryo., NS). Fasting plasma glucose [( PG] mg/dl, +/- SEM) and intravenous glucose tolerance were determined before and at 1 and 3 months postimplantation. Six dogs that received cryopreserved islets and all seven control animals promptly became normoglycemic, with PGs of 133 +/- 23 and 110 +/- 4, respectively, at 1 week postimplantation (NS). During follow-up one normoglycemic animal from each group died due to small bowel volvulus and one recipient of fresh islets became diabetic at 14 days. The remaining dogs remained normoglycemic with PGs of 89 +/- 3 and 92 +/- 3 in dogs receiving cryopreserved and fresh islets, respectively, at 3 months postimplantation (NS). Mean K value (decline of glucose, %/min +/- SEM) at ivGTT for all dogs was 2.5 +/- 0.3 preoperatively. At 1 and 3 months postimplantation, the K values of dogs receiving cryopreserved islets were 1.3 +/- 0.1 and 1.4 +/- 0.2, respectively, compared with 1.3 +/- 0.2 and 2.0 +/- 0.2 for control dogs (NS). These data demonstrate prompt and sustained function of a defined quantity of frozen-thawed purified islets in a large mammal. Cryopreservation is an effective method for the long-term storage of purified islet tissue.
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PMID:Reversal of diabetes in dogs by transplantation of pure cryopreserved islets. 211 89

Gastric dilatation-volvulus is a dramatic and life-threatening disease of large-breed dogs. The cause is unknown, but ingestion of dry cereal-based food is frequently incriminated as a predisposing factor. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of commercial diets on gastric motility and emptying in the dog. Four large-breed dogs were fed 3 different diets (diet A = canned meat-based; B = cereal-based with 77% added water; and C = dry cereal-based) in a randomized block design. Each experiment was done in triplicate. Motility was assessed, using 5 AgAgCl electrodes and 2 strain gauges sutured along the serosa of the stomach and proximal duodenum. Dogs were fed at the same time each day and the time to change from the fed to the fasted pattern of gastrointestinal motility (changeover) was measured. Gastric emptying was assessed by recording gastric radioactivity. After feeding a meal mixed with 99mTc-labeled resin, the log of activity was plotted against time, and the half-time of gastric emptying (t1/2 GE) was calculated. Mean (+/- SEM) times from feeding to changeover for the 3 diets were: diet A, 9.7 +/- 0.9; B, 10.5 +/- 0.4; and C, 11.0 +/- 0.8 hours. Diet had minimal influence on the half time of gastric emptying (diet A, 2.2 +/- 0.3; B, 2.6 +/- 0.4; and C, 2.9 +/- 0.3 hours; P greater than 0.05). The data indicate that gastric motility and emptying in healthy large-breed dogs were not affected by dietary composition. Because most large dogs are fed cereal-based food for reasons of cost and ease of use, these diets may have been wrongly incriminated as a predisposing factor in gastric dilatation-volvulus.
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PMID:Influence of dietary composition on gastric emptying and motility in dogs: potential involvement in acute gastric dilatation. 408