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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Effects of 1 hour of colonic volvulus and 3 hours of reperfusion on concentrations of thromboxane (TXB2) and prostacyclin (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) in portal, pulmonary arterial, and jugular blood were determined by radioimmunoassay to assess the site of production and clearance of these eicosanoids from the circulation in 5 anesthetized ponies. Colonic volvulus had no significant effect on mean arterial pressure or TXB2 concentrations, but significantly (P less than 0.05) increased 6-keto-PGF1 alpha concentrations in all blood samples. Immediately after colonic reperfusion, all eicosanoid concentrations were significantly (P less than 0.05) increased. Then, TXB2 returned to baseline values, whereas 6-keto-PGF1 alpha concentrations remained significantly (P less than 0.05) high for the remainder of the study. Eicosanoid concentrations were significantly (P less than 0.05) greater in portal blood than in pulmonary arterial and jugular blood samples at all periods. This suggests that the splanchnic circulation is the primary site of eicosanoid production during and after colonic volvulus and the liver appears to provide most of the circulatory clearance of thromboxane and prostacyclin.
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PMID:Thromboxane and prostacyclin production in ponies with colonic volvulus. 158 29

Colonic volvulus was first described in 1836 by von Rokitansky. The condition has been a formidable one, fraught with innumerable complications responsible for many deaths. Even with advances in surgical technology, mortalities have remained high. Often the diagnosis is delayed for hours or even days after presentation, and serious concomitant systemic diseases are often present. Treatment has been controversial, particularly the role of elective resection following successful nonoperative reduction. The Army Medical Center experience with colonic volvulus from 1983 through 1987 is reviewed. Fifty-four patients at the eight medical centers carried this diagnosis. Their presenting signs and symptoms are discussed. The Army patients are compared and contrasted with reviews presented in the surgical literature, and conclusions are made to give guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:Colonic volvulus. The Army Medical Center experience 1983-1987. 203 27

Colonic volvulus has been a rarely reported complication of celiac sprue. We describe two patients with long-standing celiac sprue, one in whom a recurrent sigmoid volvulus developed, and in the other, a cecal volvulus. Following surgery, both are now asymptomatic on a gluten-free diet. The association between celiac sprue and colonic volvulus was first reported in 1953. There have been only a few isolated cases documented, surprisingly so because the two major predisposing conditions for colonic volvulus are often seen in patients with celiac sprue. Colonic bacterial fermentation of malabsorbed carbohydrate (in celiac sprue) leads to excess gas production. Flaccid bowel loops with sigmoid redundancy, a long mesentery, or cecal hypermobility are not uncommon. A motility disorder in celiac sprue has also been proposed. Thus these factors together would suggest that the likelihood of development of colonic volvulus in celiac sprue would be relatively great. The possibility of underlying celiac sprue should be considered in patients with colonic volvulus who have a background history of recurrent abdominal distention or malabsorptive symptoms.
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PMID:Colonic volvulus as a complication of celiac sprue. 226 38

Colonic volvulus accounts for 1-7% of cases of large bowel obstruction in the United States and Western Europe. It is, however, a much commoner condition in parts of Africa, South Asia and South America. Volvulus is thought to be an idiopathic condition, probably with an anatomical basis, particularly in cecal volvulus. Some cases are, however, secondary to a known condition such as Chagas' disease. The sigmoid colon is involved in 65-80% of cases and the right colon in 15-30%. Transverse colon and splenic flexure volvulus are rare. Emergency surgery has in the past been associated with a high mortality. Nonoperative, tube decompression of sigmoid volvulus has been the single most important advance in the management of the condition--this has allowed surgery to be deferred to an elective schedule and performed on a fitter patient with a prepared bowel. Emergency surgery is still required for a minority of patients--those in whom tube decompression is unsuccessful; in those with signs of gangrenous bowel and patients with volvulus proximal to the sigmoid. When the bowel is not viable, resection is mandatory. In patients with a viable colon, there are several options. Sigmoid resection and colostomy for sigmoid volvulus and detorsion, cecopexy and tube cecostomy as a combined procedure for cecal volvulus are the usually recommended procedures.
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PMID:Colonic volvulus. Etiology and management. 266 57

Colonic volvulus is a common condition that affects the sigmoid and rarely involves the more proximal colon. The cecal volvulus is a well-recognized entity, about 270 cases have been reported in the medical literature to our knowledge. A recent case of acute cecal volvulus is described with a Review of the Literature.
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PMID:Cecal volvulus: report of a case and review of the literature. 673 Aug 42

Colonic volvulus is a rare complication of celiac disease. A case is reported of a 46-year-old man with a long-standing history of diarrhea and abdominal distention with a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome. After an elective inguinal hernia repair, a cecal volvulus and an ulcerative jejunoileitis developed in the patient that required an extensive intestinal resection. Short bowel syndrome developed and was treated with total parenteral and enteral nutrition. The patient had a poor course after reinitiation of oral diet. Subsequently, celiac sprue was diagnosed and the patient improved with a gluten-free diet.
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PMID:Colonic volvulus and ulcerative jejunoileitis due to occult celiac sprue. 958 89

Colonic volvulus in children is a rare, but serious and important differential diagnosis in acute abdominal illness. Our patient with Cornelia de Lange's syndrome, was admitted with an acute onset of abdominal pain and in a critical condition. Explorative laparotomy revealed a caecal volvulus with necrosis of the distal ileum, caecum and proximal colon. The syndrome is characterized by typical facial expression, both growth and mental retardation, and various gastrointestinal and cardiac anomalies. Predisposing factors contributing to volvulus in this syndrome are mental retardation and a higher incidence of malrotation and nonfixation of the caecum and ascending colon. The parents of children with Cornelia de Lange's syndrome should therefore be counselled so that they are able to provide essential information in the event of their children experiencing acute illness.
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PMID:[Cecal volvulus as a complication in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. A case report and literature review]. 961 83

Colonic volvulus affects mainly the geriatric population and is associated with a high number of complications when treated by emergency surgery. The development of alternative methods has replaced and reduced the number of traditional surgical procedures. We present the results of treatment of colonic volvulus in a surgical service in Alicante, Spain. Between 1993 and 1997 a total of 17 cases in 15 patients were diagnosed, 16 in the sigmoid colon and 1 in the cecum. In 9 (60%) patients endoscopic devolvulation was successful. In 2 (22%) of these patients the problem recurred, and was resolved by a second endoscopic treatment. Three patients (20%) required surgery, and 3 others (20%) were treated with radiological reduction (barium enema) and rectal catheter. The average hospital stay of patients treated with endoscopy and barium enema was 2-3 days, being 7 days in patients who underwent surgery. Management with endoscopy is initially effective in most cases of volvulus of the sigmoid colon. This procedure affords decompression and adequate preparation of selected patients for surgical resection, which is the treatment of choice and provides the greatest guarantee against subsequent recurrence.
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PMID:Current management of colonic volvulus. Results of a treatment protocol. 997 48

Colonic volvulus is an important entity to consider in any pregnant patient with abdominal pain. X-ray and colonoscopy can be useful to obtain the earliest diagnosis, leading to surgical intervention if necessary. Limited use of x-rays with shielding of the fetus is of minimal risk and useful for early diagnosis of volvulus. Colonoscopy may confirm or exclude the diagnosis of colonic volvulus, detect mucosal ischemia, and avoid the requirement for emergency surgery by reducing the volvulus in cases in which ischemia is not present. If surgery is necessary for a cecal volvulus, cecostomy is a viable option because of a low rate of morbidity and subsequent volvulus recurrence.
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PMID:Cecal volvulus in pregnancy. 1048 25

Hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the intestine, or Chilaiditi syndrome, is uncommon and typically asymptomatic, but it can be associated with symptoms ranging from intermittent, mild abdominal pain to acute intestinal obstruction. Factors such as the interruption or absence of peritoneal attachments and redundant colon with a long mesentery predispose to both Chilaiditi syndrome and colonic volvulus. The presence of hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the intestine requires no specific treatment in the absence of symptoms. Colonic volvulus in association with Chilaiditi syndrome is treated based on the location of the volvulus. Volvulus of the splenic flexure is typically treated with resection and primary anastomosis. We report only the third case of colonic volvulus in association with Chilaiditi syndrome and the first with volvulus of the splenic flexure.
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PMID:Splenic flexure volvulus in association with Chilaiditi syndrome: report of a case. 1048 93


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