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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The majority of clinically significant gastrointestinal rotational anomalies involve:(1) an arrest of rotation about the superior mesenteric vessels, (2) abnormal peritoneal bands, and (3) obstruction with or without volvulus. Between 1973 and 1978, six children had chronic intermittent volvulus secondary to a nonfixed but normally-rotated intestine; this is 10% of all infants and children treated for malrotation in our hospital during the same period. Barium studies showed normal duodenojejunal configuration and a colon that was normally situated on at least one study. All were labeled as functional complainers by their pediatricians. One died of a volvulus because her complaints were appreciated too late. At laparotomy, evidence of chronic intermittent volulus secondary to nonfixation from the ligament of Treitz to the transverse colon was found in all patients. A Ladd procedure with appendectomy was performed and immediate resolution of symptoms was noted in each surviving child. Children with a story of chronic abdominal pain deserve a carefully interpreted history and radiographic examination before being labeled as chronic complainers.
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PMID:Normal intestinal rotation with non-fixation: a cause of chronic abdominal pain. 55 Nov 42

During the 14 yr from 1965 through 1978, 49 infants presented shortly after birth with intestinal obstruction due to impacted meconium. Three of these patients did not have fibrocystic disease. Eight patients were cured by a Gastrografin enema. There were 18 patients who had complications that included associated atresia, volvulus, and/or peritonitis. Various operations were done including resection with either primary anastomosis or enterostomy or varieties of the foregoing. Twenty-three babies had the simple uncomplicated form of meconium ileus. Eleven of these underwent resection and six patients died. Twelve patients were treated by laparotomy, ileotomy through a purse-string suture and prolonged irrigations using acetylcysteine. Of this group only one succumbed. This latter course of management is recommended for patients with simple uncomplicated meconium ileus as it involves no resection, no enterostomy, nor any primary anastomosis.
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PMID:Meconium ileus: laparotomy without resection, anastomosis, or enterostomy. 55 Nov 49

A Sudan-savanna and a rain forest onchocerciasis have been described in West Africa. These two patterns of onchocerciasis have in common many epidemiological features but in hyperendemic areas there is a very essential difference between the two. In savanna the prevalence of serious ocular lesions and blindness due to onchocerciasis are much higher than in forest. Therefore attempting to explain these differences five groups of factors (or working hypothesis) are reviewed: --factors related to the vectors; --onchocerca-simulium couples; --different Onchocerca volvulus strains; --factors related to the human-host; --other varied factors: nutritional factors, concomitant ocular infections, luminousness of savanna, periods of transmission... A critical examination of these hypothesis brings to the conclusion that according to our present knowledge the main difference between savanna and rain-forest onchocerciasis may be due to degrees in pathogenicity of different strains of O. volvulus but these hypothesis have not been proved formally. More the part of concomitant factors (co-factors), themselves related to bioclimactic zones must not be ruled out.
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PMID:[Sudan-savanna and rain-forest onchocerciasis in West Africa: an epidemiological problem (author's transl)]. 55 94

Description of a total of 236 cases of intestinal volvulus of which, 141 cases concerning the small intestine, 2 of the transverse, 13 of the caecum and 80 of the sigmoid. Detailed discussions are made on each type of volvulus, the etiology, pathogenesis, pathological anatomy, while particular extensions is given to the description of the results obtained that are compared with the data found from the examination of the literature. A separate treatment is reserved to the anaesthesia in the cases of intestinal acute volvulus and particularly to some technical measures to which is to be submitted the patient who suffers from mechanical occlusion with serious intestinal ache.
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PMID:[Anesthesia in particular cases of acute abdomen (volvulus of the intestine)]. 55 63

During an inquiry performed in Gaboon the prevalence of hydroceles had led to puncture systematically every vaginal flow. 68 fluids were so collected at the end of the inquiry. Subsequently the statistical analysis of the results in men seems to suggest a correlation between microfilaremia (Loa loa and D. perstans) and the prevalence of hydroceles. Microfilariae were found in 77% according to the following distribution: Loa loa seldom diagnosed in this kind of flow were detected in 10%; D. perstans although never reported so far in hydrocele fluids appeared to be present in 62%. O. volvulus more currently referred to in hydrocele liquids were scarcely traced.
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PMID:[Etiological study of low fertility in eastern Gaboon. III. Filarial endemicity (Loa loa, D. perstans). Prevalence of microfilariae in hydroceles (author's transl)]. 57 Jul 21

Between April 1977 and June 1978, 214 babies born of 210 mothers infected with Onchocerciasis, were examined at the maternity of Po Hospital (Upper Volta). In four of them (1.9%) dermal microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus were found during the first week after birth. In two other cases microfilariae were seen in the tissue of the umbilical cord. All specimens from placentas and amniotic fluid gave negative results. The infected babies were reexamined monthly monthly from 2 to 18 months, depending on the cases. One child remained positive until the 6th month follow-up. The base-line examination of 5.757 children less than 2 years old from different villages in the WHO Onchocerciasis Control Programme in the Volta River Basin Area showed that 1% of children less than one year old and 2% of children of 12 to 23 months old were carriers of dermal microfilariae. These results indicate that in meso- or hyperendemic areas children less than one year old and carriers of microfilariae of Onchocerca volbulus may have been infected in utero. The existence of such cases, in an area of vector control, does not prove a residual vector borne transmission.
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PMID:[The epidemiological significance of neo-natal parasitism with microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus (author's transl)]. 57 49

The laboratory maintenance and rearing of Stimulium damnosum complex species and the cytotaxonomic determination of reared larvae, has been useful to OCP in the following fields of investigation: 1. Species identification of reinvading females. 2. Distribution of biting populations of S. damnosum complex species. 3. Identification of eggs and small larvae found within the OCP area. 4. Host preferences of species within the complex. 5. Vector potential of S. damnosum complex species for Onchocerca volvulus and O. ochengi. 6. Provision of identified material for morphological investigation. The technique of indirect adult identification using reared larvae, may eventually by largely superseded by progress in morphological taxonomy.
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PMID:The laboratory maintenance and rearing of Simulium damnosum complex species as a research tool for the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in the Vola River Basin. 57 51

The aerial larvicidng operation of the Onchocerciasis Control Programme of the World Health Organization which began in February 1975 resulted in a sharp reduction in Simulium damnosum numbers. However, at the onset of the rainy season the fly population increased in certain areas. Detailed surveys both on the ground and by helicopter did not reveal any significant failures of treatments that could account for the fly densities observed, and it was concluded that the flies must originate from sources outside the controlled zone. This reinvasion proved to be an annual occurrence which has been studied in detail between 1975 and 1978 in the south-western parts of the control zone. The methods used included full day catches by vector collectors carried out every day throughout the season, cytotaxonomic determination of larvae, detailed morphological examination of reared and biting adults and treatment of suspected source rivers with insecticide. The results indicate that the invasion takes place in a SW-NE direction across country for distances of 300 km or more along the track of the monsoon winds. It involves mainly the savanna cytospecies S. damnosum s. str. and S. sirbanum. The invading populations are composed of older parous flies, many of which carry infective 3rd stage larvae indistinguishable from those of Onchocerca volvulus. These females tend to bite close to the rivers and do not disperse as far as normal populations with a higher proportion of younger flies.
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PMID:Studies on the reinvasion of the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in the Volta River Basin by Simulium damnosum s.I. with emphasis on the south-western areas. 57 81

Volvulus of the spleen in absence of malarious splenomegaly is rare. Most reported instances occur in young and middle-aged women and are related to a congenital abnormality of the mesogastrium, pregnancy, and multiparity. In this reported case of splenic volvulus in a young, multiparous woman, posterior mesogastrium malformation was the cause. Certain preoperative findings could suggest this infrequent diagnosis in future cases.
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PMID:Volvulus of the spleen. 57 70

During a period of 12 years, 154 hydrocephalic children were treated with ventriculoperitoneal CSF shunting operations. The abdominal complications thus far encountered include development of a peritoneal fibrous pouch, deliberate extraction of the tube by mothers who mistook it for an Ascaris worm, failure of CSF absorption by the peritoneum giving rise to ascites, spontaneous extrusion of the abdominal tube, bowel perforation and volvulus.
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PMID:Abdominal complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunts in Nigerians. 59 Dec 14


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