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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Long-standing complete obstruction of the superior mesenteric artery and vein and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding from varices within the bowel were encountered in a child as a complication of midgut malrotation and volvulus. This condition is unusual, but should be considered in cases of gastrointestinal bleeding, or when small bowel biopsy is contemplated for the evaluation of diarrhea or malabsorption in cases of malrotation.
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PMID:Mesenteric vascular occlusion and varices complicating midgut malrotation. 31 54

Significant differences exist in the prevalence of most gastroenterological emergencies in tropical compared with temperate countries. Both ethnic and environmental (often clearly defined geographically) factors are relevant. The major oesophageal lesions which can present acutely in tropical countries are varices and carcinoma; bleeding and obstruction are important sequelae. Peptic ulcer disease (and its complications), often associated (not necessarily causally) with Helicobacter pylori infection, has marked geographical variations in incidence. Emergencies involving the small intestine are dominated by severe dehydration, and its sequelae, resulting from secretory diarrhoea, most notably cholera. However, enteritis necroticans ('pig bel' disease), paralytic ileus (sometimes caused by antiperistaltic agents) and obstruction (secondary to luminal helminths, volvulus and intussusception) are other important problems, especially in infants and children. Enteric fever is occasionally complicated by perforation and haemorrhage; the former (which is notoriously difficult to manage) is accompanied by significant mortality. Ileocaecal tuberculosis is a major cause of right iliac fossa pathology--sometimes associated with malabsorption; amoeboma is an important clinical differential diagnosis. The colon can be involved in invasive Entamoeba histolytica infection (which, like complicated enteric fever, is difficult to manage if the fulminant form, with perforation, ensues), shigellosis, volvulus and intussusception. Acute colonic dilatation occasionally follows Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica and rarely E. histolytica infections. Acute hepatocellular failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the tropics and subtropics. It usually results from viral hepatitis (HBV, sometimes complicated by HDV, and HCV), but there is a long list of differential diagnoses. Hepatotoxicity resulting from herbs, chemotherapeutic agents or alcohol also occurs not infrequently. Chronic liver disease and its sequelae (often long-term results of viral hepatitis) are commonplace. Haematemesis and hepatocellular failure are usually very difficult to manage due to a lack of sophisticated support techniques in developing countries. Invasive hepatic amoebiasis usually responds well to medical management; however, spontaneous perforation can occur and the consequences of this are serious. Pyogenic liver abscess, although far less common than amoebic 'abscess', carries a bad prognosis whatever the method(s) of management. Hydatidosis and schistosomiasis also involve the liver, and helminthiases are important in the context of biliary tract disease. Gall stones are unusual in most tropical settings. Acute pancreatitis is overall unusual, but chronic calcific pancreatitis can present as an acute abdominal emergency.
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PMID:Gastroenterological emergencies in the tropics. 176 26

Most bodily functions require the coordinated actions of complementary and supplementary paired muscle groups. Where this essential muscular cooperation is lacking, hollow organs may burst and others become literally screwed up, giving rise to many similar spastic diseases such as Torticollis, Twisted ovarian cyst, Torsion of the Testis, Volvulus of the intestines, Varicose Veins, Megacolon, Aortamegaly, Scoliosis, Erb's Palsy, Peyronie's Disease, Main-en-Griffe, Undescended Foot (Pes Cavus), Talipes, Strabismus. Spasm is "panenepidemic" and unclassified examples of Torsion Dystonia and Dyskinesia really are as common as debt and taxes.
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PMID:The universal, muscular chain reaction, muscle spasm, torsions, ruptures and extravasations. Chameleons of pathology and some manifestations of simple muscular disorders. 721 43

A 23 years old woman was admitted on emergency for an upper digestive tract bleeding and endoscopy found gastric varices. CT scan revealed a splenomegaly, a twisted aspect of the splenic pedicle and varices in the gastrosplenic ligament. Arteriography showed a narrow splenic artery and varices in the gastrosplenic ligament. After a recurrent bleeding, splenectomy was performed. There was a chronic volvulus of a wandering spleen; the splenic venous flow was passing through the left gastroepiploic vein and a gastrosplenic vein. Chronic volvulus of a wandering spleen with gastric varices is an unfrequent pathology, diagnosed by imaging and requiring splenectomy.
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PMID:[Hematemesis revealing chronic volvulus of a wandering spleen]. 1176 May 82

Ectopic spleen (splenoptosis) is an extremely rare condition in which the spleen is present in a nonanatomical position. Patients' symptomatology is variable and ranges from mere feeling of an abdominal lump to sudden abdominal pain due to infarction. Patient may have subacute to chronic abdominal or gastrointestinal complaints. Because of nonspecific symptoms, clinical diagnosis can be difficult; hence, imaging plays an important role. Presentation as a case of portal hypertension is extremely rare. We report a case of splenic torsion in a middle-aged woman who presented with hemetemesis from gastric varices secondary to chronic volvulus of an ectopic spleen. Preoperative diagnosis was made on the basis of ultrasonography, endoscopy, and computed tomography, which was later proved on surgery and treated successfully.
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PMID:Wandering spleen presenting as bleeding gastric varices. 2368 Mar 29

This article focuses on less common diseases that surgeons are called on for management options. Five topics-volvulus, carcinoid, lymphoma, gastric varices, and gastric outlet obstruction from peptic ulcer disease-are frequently used to evaluate surgical knowledge. Knowledge of these topics is useful for residents preparing for an in-training examination or board certification. Patients with these diseases require multidisciplinary management with oncologists and/or gastroenterologists, and mastery of these topics allows surgeons to effectively participate in the multidisciplinary care of these patients and advocate for surgical management when appropriate.
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PMID:Miscellaneous disorders and their management in gastric surgery: volvulus, carcinoid, lymphoma, gastric varices, and gastric outlet obstruction. 2188 33

Intestinal malrotation usually presents in the pediatric population with midgut volvulus requiring emergency Ladd's procedure. Rarely, it remains asymptomatic and is discovered incidentally only during adulthood when it seldom causes intestinal complications. The scenario of a cirrhotic adult being diagnosed with asymptomatic intestinal malrotation with subsequent intestinal complications is thus extremely rare and to our knowledge has not been previously reported. We describe a 56-year-old man with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class C, MELD score 22) who was initially observed after an incidental diagnosis of intestinal malrotation on computed tomography. Observation continued as his liver disease improved with alcohol cessation (Child-Pugh class A, MELD score 8). He later presented with a closed loop bowel obstruction secondary to midgut volvulus at the time of alcohol relapse and liver redecompensation (Child-Pugh class C, MELD score 22-29). He underwent emergency Ladd's procedure during which his midjejunum was volvulized into an internal hernia space created by a thick Ladd's band containing large varices. The postoperative course was complicated by ileus and loculated bacterial peritonitis. Based on our experience, we discuss special considerations with regard to the surgical technique and timing of Ladd's procedure when encountering intestinal malrotation in a cirrhotic adult with portal hypertension.
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PMID:Asymptomatic Intestinal Malrotation Progressing to Midgut Volvulus in a Decompensated Alcoholic Cirrhotic Adult: A Rare Scenario Requiring Special Considerations. 3261 64