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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Necrotizing enterocolitis is an uncommon but dangerous disease in premature infants. Ten cases, seen over a three-year period at the Stanford University Medical Center, represented an incidence of 0.4 percent. The patients, six of whom died, derived from a general population, in contrast to the large series of patients reported in the literature in which the incidence was from 0.9 percent to 3.7 percent.(3-6)The initial symptoms-rapid respiration, periodic breathing, lethargy and irritability-were identical to those which occurred in numerous infants who had respiratory disease. Subsequent symptoms (abdominal distension, in 100 percent; vomiting, 80 percent; apneic spells, 70 percent; jaundice, 70 percent; guaic-positive stools, 60 percent) were those of nonspecific acute abdominal disease. The radiologist first made the diagnosis in 90 percent of cases. Interstitial air in the wall of the gut and the retroperitoneum, and portal vein gas were the most diagnostic radiographic features. Barium contrast studies were not helpful, and in one case led to the erroneous diagnosis of small bowel volvulus. Plain abdominal radiographs must be taken of all premature infants with symptoms of nonspecific acute abdominal disease. If the radiographs are negative, but symptoms continue, they should be repeated at frequent intervals, for early diagnosis is critical to institution of proper therapy.
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PMID:Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Clinical and radiological features. 481 93

Autopsies were carried out on 60 mentally handicapped patients and the brain was examined in detail in all cases. The clinical records were studied and correlated with the pathological findings. A variety of pathological changes were found in the central nervous system, and there was a high incidence of microcephaly and gross abnormalities among the patients with epilepsy and neurological dysfunction. The incidence of Alzheimer's disease was very high among patients with Down's syndrome, but in those patients without Down's syndrome, the incidence appeared to be much the same as in the general population. The most common cause of death was respiratory disease, followed by cardiovascular disease. There was a high incidence of volvulus among the group with epilepsy. The findings are discussed, and reference made to the long-term care of the mentally handicapped. The study demonstrates the importance of the autopsy in terms of furthering knowledge in the field of mental handicap.
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PMID:Autopsy findings in patients with mental handicap. 817 29