Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present 4 patients with serious complications after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. Chylothorax developed in the first patient; hypertension, blindness, and paralysis of the lower extremities in the second; volvulus and necrosis around an adhesion in the right upper quadrant in the third; and small-bowel obstruction and radiation myelitis in the fourth patient. These complications and modes of treatment and prevention are discussed.
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PMID:Complications of retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for nonseminomatous tumors of testis. 44 36

We have experienced a case of shunt tube perforation into the transverse colon in which a Pudenz infantile V-A shunt tube was installed for a hydrocephalic baby. The shunt operation was performed at a year and one month of his age in this patient and bowel perforation was disclosed and corrected twenty months following the operation. From a retrospective point of view, however, slight sign of meningitis could be suspected two months earlier and judging from his symptoms of transient intracranial hypertension, the bowel perforation might be traced back even earlier. In the past twenty year history of V-P shunt maneuver, quite a number of papers on various kinds of specific complications have been reported. On reviewing these reported cases out of English and Japanese literature, numerous abdominal complications such as twenty-eight perforations, fifty CSF ascites or pseudocysts, three umbilical perforations, two vaginal perforations, five migrations into scrotum, and some volvulus and bladder perforations can be collected. These are summarized and discussed briefly in this paper.
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PMID:[Abdominal complications of V-P or L-P shunt operation --a bowel perforation and historical review (author's transl)]. 723 31

Malrotation can be difficult to diagnose after the newborn period because of intermittent symptoms and vague clinical findings, but malrotation with midgut volvulus is usually quite striking in its presentation. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment are essential to prevent acute ischemic infarction of the bowel, although chronic complications are rare. The authors present an unusual case of mesenteric venous thrombosis secondary to chronic midgut volvulus. A 13-year-old girl presented with an 11-year history of recurrent bouts of abdominal pain evaluated at 3 other institutions without a diagnosis. At the referring hospital, an episode of bilious emesis associated with abdominal pain prompted a computerized tomography scan of the abdomen. This showed a calcified thrombus within the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). At laparotomy, malrotation with chronic 270 degree volvulus was found with evidence of mesenteric venous hypertension. Segmental occlusion was documented on magnetic resonance angiography. SMV thrombosis is an unusual complication of malrotation with chronic midgut volvulus.
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PMID:Superior mesenteric venous thrombosis in malrotation with chronic volvulus. 1081 42

Chilaiditi syndrome is interposition of the intestine between liver and diaphragm. It is often asymptomatic but there were cases presented as acute pain in the abdomen, needing corrective surgical procedure; or as mistaken renal colic, or as suspected subphrenic abscess, or as pneumoperitonium. The interposition of proximal transverse colon was found to be more common than the small intestine. Chilaiditi syndrome was associated with colonic volvulus. The colonic interposition then progressed from mild abdominal discomfort to intermittent bowel obstruction. Some patients needed surgical operation like hepatic extraperitonealization, after replacement of the dislocated gastroenteric tract, bringing the superior surface of the liver again into direct contact with the related diaphragmatic dome. A rare case of Chilaiditi syndrome incidentally associated with hypertension and ischaemic heart disease, in a male aged 50 years is reported.
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PMID:Chilaiditi syndrome with hypertension. 1136 Dec 85

As the incidence of obesity increases, laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (REYGB) surgery has become a surgical option for many patients. Although the laparoscopic Roux-en Y procedure has been shown to reduce weight and improve diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and sleep apnea, it is not without significant risks, as more than 10% of patients who undergo this procedure have postoperative GI complications. This is a case of a 51 year old man who presented with diffuse abdominal pain one month status-post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. CT imaging proved to be crucial in the diagnosis of this pathology with small bowel volvulus and ischemia. We review some key CT findings that can aid clinicians in diagnosing internal hernias since this complication is often misdiagnosed and have a mortality rate of more than 50%.
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PMID:Importance of CT in Evaluating Internal Hernias after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery. 2247 Jun 68

We report 2 cases of megacolon associated with cerebrovascular accident and neuropsychiatric drug consumption. Case report 1: a 75-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, tachycardia with atrial fibrillation, bilateral pleural effusions and previous cerebral hemorrhage was admitted in our hospital. She presented clouded sensorium and abdominal distension, with closed alvus. The CT scan showed a distension of the colon, with severe fecal impaction. A volvulus of the sigma was found at surgical intervention.Case report 2: a 59-year-old man with a medical history of oligophrenia was admitted to our hospital for acute abdomen.He presented stupor and closed alvus with abdominal distension. The abdominal CT scan showed a dolichosigma, with fecal impaction. The patient was submitted to a laparotomy and a two millimetres perforation of the sigma was found.The sigma had a diameter of 28 cm and a length of 75 cm.Even if a clear correlation has not been found yet, anomalies of the regulation of the gastro-intestinal motility can occur at different levels in patients with psychiatric or cerebrovascular diseases and drug consumption with anticholinergic properties,and they should be carefully monitored. The purpose is an early diagnosis of colon function anomalies in order to avoid potentially fatal complications.
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PMID:Could the complications of megacolon be avoided by monitoring the risk patients? cases report. 2514 23

This case presents a synchronous sigmoid- and caecum volvulus in a 69-year old man with Parkinson's disease, hypertension and previous history of colonic volvulus. On admission the patient had abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and constipation. The CT scan showed a sigmoid volvulus with a dilated caecum. The synchronous sigmoideum- and caecum volvulus was diagnosed intraoperatively. Total colectomy and ileostomy was performed.
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PMID:[Synchronous sigmoideum- and caecum volvulus]. 2641 38

We report a colonic adenocarcinoma associated with diffuse submucosal deposition of a peculiar spheroid-type amyloid identified in the colon, terminal ileum, and appendix. A 65-year-old woman with past medical histories of hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, presented to the emergency room with cramping abdominal pain and nausea. A computed tomography (CT) scan of abdomen showed right colonic volvulus. Emergency right hemicolectomy was performed. The specimen showed colonic adenocarcinoma with focal submucosal invasion (pT1) arising from a villotubular adenoma. A diffuse submucosal spheroid-type amyloid deposition (resembling corpora amylacea-like structures with Liesegang ring formation) was identified in the colon, ileum, and appendix. Electron microscopy examination of this unusual spheroidal-type material further confirmed the presence of amyloid fibrils. Analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry detected AL (lambda) type amyloidosis in this specimen. Tests for monoclonal gammopathy were not performed because patient consent was not obtained. In tissue section evaluation, however, no plasma cell neoplasm was identified. Cases with isolated AL amyloid deposition in the gastrointestinal tract have been reported rarely, and there is no case report of colonic adenocarcinoma associated with primary amyloid deposition in the English literature.
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PMID:Spheroid-type of AL amyloid deposition associated with colonic adenocarcinoma: A case report with literature review. 2922 12

BACKGROUND Sigmoid volvulus (SV) is a life-threatening condition occasionally seen in adults. Adult Hirschsprung's disease (HD)-related SV is rarely complicated by difficult-to-control hypertension. In this report we present the case of an elderly man with a rare constellation of HD, SV, and refractory hypertension. CASE REPORT An 82-year-old man had long-term constipation, moderate abdominal pain, and progressive abdominal distension. A CT scan revealed the typical "coffee bean sign". Blood pressure was abnormal high. Subsequently, the patient's condition deteriorated. Therefore, he underwent a Hartmann's procedure. A giant and redundant sigmoid colon (length more than 60 cm, maximal diameter about 15 cm) was demonstrated to be the cause of SV during the process of surgery. Moreover, abdominal compartment syndrome caused by SV resulted in his high and refractory blood pressure (BP). Postoperative pathological results revealed HD in his sigmoid colon. CONCLUSIONS SV is rarely combined with conditions like refractory hypertension or HD among the elderly. Clinical features of SV typically present with long-term constipation, severe abdominal pain, and progressive abdominal distension. The "coffee bean sign" could be observed in imaging examinations. It is important to note that the management of SV is to relieve the obstruction and prevent recurrence, no matter which therapy is used in elderly patients with Hirschsprung's disease.
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PMID:Hirschsprung's Disease-Related Giant Sigmoid Volvulus Complicated by Refractory Hypertension in an Elderly Man. 2967 6

Megacolon is a congenital disorder. Adult congenital megacolon (ACM), also known as adult Hirschsprung's disease, is rare and frequently manifests as constipation. ACM is caused by the absence of ganglion cells in the submucosa or myenteric plexus of the bowel. Most patients undergo treatment of megacolon at a young age, but certain patients cannot be treated until they develop bowel obstruction in adulthood. Bowel obstruction in adults always occurs in complex clinical situations and it is frequently combined with comorbidities, including bowel tumors, volvulus, hernias, hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Surgical intervention is always required in such cases. To avoid recurrence, a sufficient amount of bowel should be removed, particularly the aganglionic segment. Furthermore, the patient's general physical condition should be considered pre-operatively by controlling parameters including blood pressure and blood glucose. In the present study, a case of ACM combined with fecal impaction and diabetic nephropathy was presented.
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PMID:Adult congenital megacolon with acute fecal obstruction and diabetic nephropathy: A case report. 3157 19


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