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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of diaphragmatic paraesophageal hernia complicated by omentum and gastric incarceration is reported. The pure paraesophageal hiatal hernia is a rare entity. The symptoms and complications are caused by the anatomic defect and not by gastroesophageal incompetence. Chronic, recurrent, asymptomatic blood-loss anemia is the most common complication. Gastric volvulus is frequent in which the stomach herniated in a huge parietal peritoneal sac in the chest behind the heart. Volvulus may be a chronic recurrent problem or an acute life threatening complication. The diagnosis depends on the patient's symptoms and the demonstration by radiography, but difficulties may occur in the presence of complications, as in the case reported. Surgical repair is indicated, with sac excision and hiatusplasty.
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PMID:[A complicated paraesophageal diaphragmatic hernia. A clinical case report]. 977 45

We report 3 observations of acute gastric volvulus on paraesophageal hiatus hernia requiring emergency laparotomy. The main characteristics of this complication of hiatus hernia are described and the importance of early diagnosis, because of unfavorable prognosis, is stressed.
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PMID:[Para-esophageal hiatal hernia with acute gastric volvulus]. 1035 22

Gastric volvulus is an uncommon condition more so in the paediatric age group. The cause of gastric volvulus may be idiopathic or secondary to various congenital or acquired conditions. In this short series of three patients, one had volvulus which was due to ligamentous laxity and mobile spleen, second had congenital postero-lateral diaphragmatic defect and the third had hiatus hernia.
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PMID:Gastric volvulus in childhood. 1074 Jul 19

Paraesophageal hernia (type II hiatal hernia) accounts for less than 5-10% of all herniation through the esophageal hiatus. Anatomically, it is distinguished from the more common sliding variety (type I hiatal hernia) by the position of the gastroesophageal junction. The management of paraesophageal hiatal hernia is influenced by the tendency of the herniated stomach to develop volvulus, which potentiates life-threatening complications that include complete gastric obstruction, bleeding, infarction and perforation. In a cases with gastroesophageal reflux one of the antireflux procedures had to be done. In the Institute of Digestive Diseases, in the 16 years period from 1980-1996, 37 patients had treated of paraesophageal hernia. Authors discuss their management strategies, especially the using of antireflux procedures.
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PMID:[Paraesophageal hiatal hernia of the diaphragm]. 1095 63

Access to the stomach for long-term enteral feeding or decompression can be achieved with numerous methods. The methods include laparotomy, gastroscopy, laparoscopy, and fluoroscopy. All methods have been shown to be safe and effective. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was introduced by Ponsky in 1990, and laparoscopic gastrostomy was introduced 10 years later. PEG rapidly replaced open gastrostomy as the method of choice for enteral nutrition. The laparoscopic alternative was ideal for patients who were not candidates for PEG placement. The laparoscopic or laparoendoscopic placement of enteral tubes allows visualization of the intestinal tract to ensure proper tube positioning. Many patients are not candidates for a PEG because of head and neck cancer, esophageal obstruction from stricture or carcinoma, large hiatal hernia, gastric volvulus, overlying intestine or liver, facial trauma with wired mandible, or severe stomatitis secondary to radiation therapy. Lastly, laparoscopy lessens the chance of injury to the surrounding structures, adhesions can be safely lysed, and metastatic or concomitant disease may be identified. This report will review the numerous methods available to the laparoscopic surgeon for gaining access to the stomach or intestine.
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PMID:Laparoendoscopic approaches to enteral access. 1158 70

Large diaphragmatic hernias are rare causes of common bile duct strictures. We report a case of mixed (slide and paraesophageal) hiatal hernia with jaundice due to choledochal dislodgment and torsion. The first time we named this entity choledochal semi volvulus. Its pathophysiology is analyzed and we remark the wise and accurate percutaneous management as diagnostic and initial therapeutic resources.
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PMID:Choledochal semi volvulus with jaundice due to hiatal hernia. Initial percutaneous management. 1176 45

Para-oesophageal hiatus hernia, a condition in which the fundus and part of the body of the stomach wrapped in a peritoneal sac herniate into the mediastinum, is a relatively uncommon entity. It tends to grow progressively and may become so large as to lead to symptoms of intrathoracic organ compression. In some exceptional cases, the entire stomach together with other abdominal viscera might herniate through the hiatus into the thorax. Paraesophageal hiatus hernias are characterised clinically by vague symptomatology, absent gastro-oesophageal reflux, and possible onset of gastric volvulus, generally without consequent incarceration of the portion of the herniated organ. Such an event is uncommon but dangerous and life-threatening. These cases often require resection of the incarcerated viscera, followed by hiatoplasty and Nissen fundoplication. The authors report on the case of a patient presenting with acute abdomen as a result of incarcerated and perforated para-oesophageal hiatus hernia.
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PMID:[Acute abdomen due to a strangulated and perforated para-esophageal hernia. A case report]. 1223 70

A massive hiatal hernia containing the colon, intestine, and stomach with organoaxial volvulus is an uncommon entity in childhood. This clinical form of a hiatal hernia may mimic congenital diaphragmatic hernia and chest pathologies. In this paper, we describe a patient who presented with a massive hiatal hernia that mimicked a congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and discuss the pitfalls in diagnosing this clinical entity.
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PMID:A massive hiatal hernia that mimics a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. An unusual presentation of hiatal hernia in childhood: report of a case. 1254 Oct 25

Hiatal hernias are usually classified into three distinct types: type I, sliding hernia; type II, paraesophageal hernia; and type III, a combination of type I and II hernias. Presentation of type I hernia is so-called reflux symptoms, in contrast with the symptoms associated with mechanical obstruction of the herniated stomach in type II and III hernias. Surgical indications for type I hernia depend upon the severity of esophagitis. In type II and III hernias, severe symptoms and complications represent the chief indications for repair. Totally intrathoracic stomach hernias generally present such a risk of volvulus, strangulation, and perforation that surgery is indicated even in asymptomatic and uncomplicated cases. Although the pathophysiology is different, the Nissen procedure is the surgical procedure of choice for both types of hiatal hernia. Since the first report in 1993, the laparoscopic Nissen procedure has gained wide acceptance. We have so far experienced 26 cases of hiatal hernia, 18 of type I and 8 of type II and III hernias. We used the laparoscopic Nissen procedure in all cases. There were no conversions to the open procedure. Hiatal hernia recurred only in one case with a short esophagus preoperatively. The laparoscopic Nissen procedure is here to stay for the repair of hiatal hernias regardless of their type.
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PMID:[Laparoscopic repair of esophageal hiatal hernia]. 1457 11

Gastric volvulus is a rare condition which usually presents with intermittent abdominal pain. It is typically associated with a paraoesophageal hiatus hernia and may present with acute strangulation or perforation. The mortality associated with an acutely obstructed volvulus may be up to 50%. Correspondingly, this condition is regarded as a surgical emergency. We present the history of a patient with an acute gastric volvulus and unexplained hypotension.
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PMID:A case report of acute gastric volvulus with avulsion of the splenic vessels. 1470 48


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