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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results of the radiological examination of 330 children following oral administration of barium are reported. It is pointed out that if one just takes into account the undoubted organic diseases, only a few children would benefit from the examination; in our case only 9 of them (a gastric and a duodenal ulcer, a pancreas pseudocyst, 5 hiatal hernias, and a celiac disease), i.e. 3%. This is not very satisfactory from a practical point of view. This situation improves radically when one looks for diseases usually rated as questionable: small hiatal hernia (cardiotuberositary malposition), functional disturbances of the small intestine, reactive hyperplasia of the lymphoid tissue, and chronic appendicitis. Thus we were able to offer 177 children, i.e. 53% of them, an efficacious therapy. The importance of chronic appendicitis and of functional disturbances of the small intestine as a cause of abdominal pain in children is pointed out, and their radiological symptoms are discussed. Finally the not uncommon, but not very well known disease of incomplete sigmoid volvulus is described.
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PMID:[Radiologic findings in abdominal pain in children (author's transl)]. 42 1

The site and nature of lesions producing gastrointestinal bleeding was evaluated in pediatric patients admitted to Tokai University Hospital. The differential diagnosis was possible based upon the character of the bleeding and the age of the patient. Upper endoscopy is the diagnostic maneuver of choice in evaluating the upper gastrointestinal bleeders. Sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, technetium scans, tagged red cell scans and intraoperative angiography were helpful in locating bleeding sites of lower bleeders. Common causes of bleeding were as follows: Hemorrhagic disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, and midgut volvulus in neonates; intussusception and internal hernia in infants; juvenile polyp and infectious diarrhea in children; duodenal ulcer and ulcerative colitis in adolescents. Gastro-duodenal ulcers were found in all age groups. One neonate died of indomethacin induced bleeding, however, bleeding from acute ulcer was usually controlled by conservative treatments. Increasing frequency of variceal bleeding due to portal hypertension after successful Kasai procedure for congenital biliary atresia was emphasized.
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PMID:[Gastrointestinal bleeding in children]. 258 65

Volvulus of sigmoid colon and cecum is not uncommon in tropical Africa, but gastric volvulus is relatively rare, especially when compared with various causes of peptic ulcer syndrome seen at the University College Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.A case of chronic intermittent type of gastric volvulus with superficial gastric ulcerations was recently seen and treated by vagotomy, pyloroplasty, and gastropexy.Predisposing factors, various types, presentations, and management of gastric volvulus are discussed.Since an acute attack of gastric volvulus, which is rare and possibly fatal if not adequately treated, can be confused with gastric outlet obstruction resulting from chronic duodenal ulcer, which is common, an index of suspicion is essential for the diagnosis of gastric volvulus.
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PMID:Gastric volvulus: a case report and a review of literature. 738 59

Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in white populations, is characterized by dysfunctional chloride ion transport across epithelial surfaces. Although recurrent pulmonary infections and pulmonary insufficiency are the principal causes of morbidity and death, gastrointestinal symptoms commonly precede the pulmonary findings and may suggest the diagnosis in infants and young children. The protean gastrointestinal manifestations of CF result primarily from abnormally viscous luminal secretions within hollow viscera and the ducts of solid organs. Bowel obstruction may be present at birth due to meconium ileus or meconium plug syndrome. Complications of meconium ileus include volvulus, small bowel atresia, perforation, and meconium peritonitis with abdominal calcifications. Older children with CF may present with bowel obstruction due to distal intestinal obstruction syndrome or colonic stricture, and tenacious intestinal residue may serve as a lead point for intussusception or cause recurrent rectal prolapse. Radiologic studies often demonstrate thickened intestinal mucosal folds in older children and uncommonly show colonic pneumatosis, peptic esophageal stricture due to gastroesophageal reflux, and duodenal ulcer. Appendicitis due to inspissated secretions is uncommon. Obstruction of ducts and ductules produces exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, pancreatitis, cholestasis, cholelithiasis, and cirrhosis with portal hypertension. On imaging studies, the pancreas is commonly small and largely replaced by fat, sometimes displays calcifications, and is rarely replaced by macrocysts. Radiologic features of hepatobiliary disease include an enlarged radiolucent liver from steatosis, gallstones, a shrunken nodular liver, splenomegaly, and portosystemic collateral vessels. With the improved survival of CF patients, an increased risk for developing gastrointestinal carcinomas has been established, many occurring as early as the 3rd decade.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal manifestations of cystic fibrosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. 883 77

This is a case report of an elderly woman who presented with a history of epigastric pain and persistent vomiting diagnosed initially as a duodenal ulcer, later as a pyloric stenosis and at laparotomy was found to have an anterior diaphragmatic hernia with gastric volvulus. Hernia of Morgagni occurs through a congenital defect in the diaphragm but usually presents in adulthood. It could be an incidental diagnosis or can present with obstructing symptoms of the herniated viscera. Treatment is surgical with reduction of hernia and repair of the diaphragmatic defect. If misdiagnosed, this can lead to considerable morbidity and occasionally mortality due to the obstructed/strangulated hernial contents.
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PMID:Morgagni hernia: case report. 1192 4

Although infestation with Ascaris lumbricoides causes various intestinal complications, massive gastrointestinal bleeding is rare. The authors report on 2 infants who presented with massive hematemesis. In the first patient, a gastroduodenoscopy was performed. Roundworms were found adhering to an oozing duodenal ulcer. Duodenal perforation occurred after extraction of the parasites. The second case was hematemesis together with peritonitis. Exploration found volvulus and a gangrenous segment of the distal ileum. Both infants previously passed roundworms with their stool. The authors conclude that the intestinal ascariasis can be a cause of massive gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in temperate and tropical countries.
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PMID:Massive gastrointestinal bleeding in infants with ascariasis. 1461 30