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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute ileocecal volvulus is a condition of the abdomen which requires emergency treatment and is currently managed by several methods with a mortality rate of 25%. Surgical options include detorsion, cecostomy for nongangrenous volvulus or resection when gangrene is present. We studied the mortality and recurrence rate of ileocecal volvulus. This retrospective analysis evaluated 16 patients who underwent operation at Belen Hospital, Trujillo, Peru, between January 1966 and August 1992. As of August 1992, median follow-up was 160 months for 13 surviving patients (range, 6 to 307 months). Eleven men and 5 women with a median age of 52.3 + 21.1 years (range, 9 months to 83 years) formed the study population. Sixty eight percent of cases were 41 to 80 years of age and all women were than 40 years of age. Most of them were from the Peruvian Andes (81.3%), were from Indian and Spanish extraction (93.7%), and farmers (50%). Twelve patients (75%) developed a chronic ileocecal volvulus and 4 (25%) had an acute presentation. The clinical picture presented as large bowel obstruction in all patients. An ileocecal volvulus was accurately diagnosed by plain films of the abdomen in only 2 patients (16%) pre-operatively. A variety of procedures were used: cecopexy (9 cases), right hemicolectomy (3 cases) simple detorsion (2 cases), Mickulics exteriorization-resection (1 case) and cecostomy (1 case). The operative mortality rate was 18.7%. There were no recurrences after cecopexy. The most frequent post-operative complications were bronchopneumonia (18.7%), and wound infection (18.7%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Surgical mortality and long-term recurrence of ileocecal volvulus]. 147 85

In this retrospective study carried out covering the period, 1978-1991, 62 neonates were seen, diagnosed and treated for intestinal atresia which included: duodenal atresia and stenosis, small bowel atresia and atresia of large bowel. Locations of obstruction were duodenal in 17 patients, jejunal in 25 patients, jejuno-ileal in 5 and colon in two. Duodenal atresia was noted in 9 infants and duodenal stenosis due to annular pancreas, Ladd's bands with malrotation of bowel in 8. Associated anomalies which were observed were anorectal malformations in 2 and malrotation in 2 infants. Birth weights ranged from 1450 gm to 3000 gm. Prematurity was recorded in 11 infants. Diagnosis of intestinal atresia in our patients was made clinically and radiologically. Intestinal atresia in neonates was differentiated from other causes of obstruction such as Meconium Ileus, Hirschsprung's disease, neonatal volvulus, rectal atresia in anorectal malformations. Treatment of infants with intestinal atresia was surgical. Surgical techniques used depended on pathological findings. In 36 patients, complications such as functional obstructions with vomiting and failure to thrive, malabsorption, aspiration, bronchopneumonia, sepsis were observed. Overall mortality rate in our cases was 25 (41.9%) out of 62 patients.
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PMID:Intestinal atresia and stenosis as seen and treated at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi. 818 36

Pathological examination of stranded marine mammals provides information on the causes of mortality in their populations. Patterns of stranding and causes of death of dead-stranded seals on the Dutch coast were analyzed over a 30-year period (1979-2008). Stranding data (n=1,286) and post-mortem data (n=379) from common seals (Phoca vitulina) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) found dead, or that died before admission to rehabilitation, were obtained from the Seal Rehabilitation and Research Centre database. Data for the years 1988 and 2002, when mass mortality occurred due to phocine distemper virus epidemics, were excluded. Common seal stranding increased from one to nearly 100 per year over this period. This coincides with the increase in the number of common seals in Dutch waters over recent decades. Grey seal stranding increased gradually from one to about 40 per year over the period, reflecting recolonization of Dutch waters by this species. For both species, the trend in stranding of dead seals was found to be in line with that of seals observed in Dutch waters during aerial surveys and did not provide any indications of a relative change in the stranding rate of dead seals. The total monthly stranding rates peaked at more than 120 in June and July for common seals and at nearly 60 in January for grey seals. This coincides with the pupping periods of the two species. Besides phocine distemper, the most common causes of death in investigated common seals (n=286) were by-catch (confirmed and inferred) (19%), pup starvation (7%), intestinal volvulus (7%) and parasitic bronchopneumonia (6%). The most common causes of death in investigated grey seals (n=93) were by-catch (confirmed and inferred) (15%), pup starvation (11%) and trauma (5%). The relative occurrence of by-catch significantly decreased over time for grey seals, but not for common seals. Common seals were affected by infectious disease significantly more often than grey seals, mainly because of a higher occurrence of parasitic pneumonia. Phocine distemper caused mass mortalities among common seals, but not among grey seals. These findings in dead-stranded seals differ in part from those reported elsewhere in live-stranded seals, for which pup starvation and parasitic bronchopneumonia were the main causes of stranding. A substantial proportion of seals in Dutch waters die from causes related to human activity. Continued monitoring of stranding patterns and causes of death is warranted for early detection of changes and the possibility of taking timely management actions.
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PMID:Patterns of stranding and mortality in common seals (Phoca vitulina) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) in The Netherlands between 1979 and 2008. 2263 85