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Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Jejunal intussusception in a Chinese 10-year-old boy affected by the blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is presented and discussed. The syndrome is rare, sporadically found with possible dominant inheritance, and due to a gene mutation mapped on the short arm of chromosome 9. It presents with distinctive cutaneous and gastrointestinal malformations together with possible other organ involvement. Gastrointestinal malformations tend to bleed and lead to anaemia. Infrequent complications of the gastrointestinal malformations are volvulus, intestinal infarction and intussusception. The age of the patient and the jejunal intussusception precipitated by a vascular malformation containing calcifications (which were also found in different gut segments) make this case remarkable.
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PMID:Jejunal intussusception in a 10-year-old boy with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. 1510 76

The control of river blindness (onchocerciasis) has been one of the major public health achievements of recent decades. Initially, vector control was used to stop transmission of the parasite Onchocerca volvulus by blackflies (Simulium) but the introduction of ivermectin (Mectizan) as a means of morbidity control enabled new strategies of distribution to be developed based on community directed treatment. The donation of Mectizan by Merck & Co. Inc. for onchocerciasis control in 1987 'as long as needed' was a public health landmark to be followed by a donation from GlaxoSmithKline of albendazole in 1997 for lymphatic filariasis to which Merck also responded by agreeing to extend their donation to include the coadministration of Mectizan and albendazole. Both the drugs, however, have wider impacts than those specific to filarial parasites and are effective against a range of intestinal parasites, whilst ivermectin has an important effect on ectoparasites. The wider benefits of the annual public health intervention-collateral benefits--therefore include deworming, improved nutritional status, increased growth, improved school performance and attendance, and improved haemoglobin status as a result of the impact of albendazole on hookworm, a major cause of anaemia. More recently, studies suggest that worm-free children have a significantly reduced frequency of malaria specific episodes of fever and Ascaris-infected children have a two-fold higher frequency of cerebral or severe malaria than those without Ascaris. These findings suggest that programmes based on annual interventions to control river blindness and lymphatic filariasis can contribute disproportionately more to a range of public health problems than has been hitherto recognized, thereby assisting in attaining the millennium development goal targets.
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PMID:Public-private partnerships in blindness prevention: reaching beyond the eye. 1630 84

Fetal intestinal volvulus is a rare life-threatening condition usually manifesting after birth. It appears on prenatal ultrasound imaging as a twisting of the bowel loops around the mesenteric artery, leading to mechanical obstruction and ischemic necrosis of the bowel. Vascular compromise can result in bowel infarction and eventual perforation of the necrotic bowel, with the development of hemorrhagic fetal ascites and fetal anemia. We report a case of intrauterine midgut volvulus, suspected when ultrasound imaging revealed dilated bowel loops at 31 weeks' gestation, with fetal anemia also suspected on measurement of increased middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity by Doppler ultrasound examination. Volvulus should be considered in the differential diagnosis when ultrasound imaging demonstrates dilated loops of bowel, especially in association with fetal ascites.
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PMID:Midgut volvulus with hemorrhagic ascites: a rare cause of fetal anemia. 1816 27

Congenital paraesophageal hiatal hernias are rare and can be associated with gastric incarceration, volvulus,mucosal ulceration, and anemia. Primary repair of the hernia and fundoplication are recommended. In this paper,we report a case of a 3-year-old child with abdominal pain who was noted to have a paraesophageal hiatal hernia with partial gastric volvulus. A 5 mm robot platform was utilized to facilitate hernia sac dissection,hiatal repair, and fundoplication.
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PMID:Robotic repair of congenital paraesophageal hiatal hernia. 1933 24

A 7-week-old SPF chicken inoculated at 4 weeks of age with chicken anemia virus was puffed up depressed and had ruffled feathers and a good body condition. Intestinal volvulus involving the jejunum and part of the duodenum forming two loops with one knob was observed. Microscopically, venous infarction of the obstructed loops, periportal and sublobular multifocal coagulative hepatic necrosis and granulomatous inflammation of the cecal tonsils were observed. Gram staining revealed no bacteria in hepatic tissue; however, gram-positive bacilli were detected in the necrotic debris in the intestinal lumen. Immunosuppression might have predisposed the chicken to intestinal and cecal tonsil infection that then progressed to volvulus. Loss of the mucosal barrier in infarction might allow bacterial toxins and vasoactive factors to escape into the systemic circulation (toxemia) and be responsible for the hepatic necrosis.
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PMID:Intestinal volvulus with coagulative hepatic necrosis in a chicken. 1995 85

We report a 5-year-old girl who presented with persistent iron-deficiency anemia. She had a history of abdominal pain and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. High-resolution computed tomography, esophagogastroduodenoscopy and barium meal examination revealed a congenital diaphragmatic hernia with intermittent gastric volvulus. The anemia was the result of Cameron lesions associated with diaphragmatic hernia.
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PMID:Diaphragmatic hernia presenting as gastrointestinal bleeding. 2022 33

Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), commonly referred to as "black esophagus", is a rare clinical entity arising from a combination of ischemic insult seen in hemodynamic compromise and low-flow states, corrosive injury from gastric contents in the setting of esophago-gastroparesis and gastric outlet obstruction, and decreased function of mucosal barrier systems and reparative mechanisms present in malnourished and debilitated physical states. AEN may arise in the setting of multiorgan dysfunction, hypoperfusion, vasculopathy, sepsis, diabetic ketoacidosis, alcohol intoxication, gastric volvulus, traumatic transection of the thoracic aorta, thromboembolic phenomena, and malignancy. Clinical presentation is remarkable for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Notable symptoms may include epigastric/abdominal pain, vomiting, dysphagia, fever, nausea, and syncope. Associated laboratory findings may reflect anemia and leukocytosis. The hallmark of this syndrome is the development of diffuse circumferential black mucosal discoloration in the distal esophagus that may extend proximally to involve variable length of the organ. Classic "black esophagus" abruptly stops at the gastroesophageal junction. Biopsy is recommended but not required for the diagnosis. Histologically, necrotic debris, absence of viable squamous epithelium, and necrosis of esophageal mucosa, with possible involvement of submucosa and muscularis propria, are present. Classification of the disease spectrum is best described by a staging system. Treatment is directed at correcting coexisting clinical conditions, restoring hemodynamic stability, nil-per-os restriction, supportive red blood cell transfusion, and intravenous acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors. Complications include perforation with mediastinal infection/abscess, esophageal stricture and stenosis, superinfection, and death. A high mortality of 32% seen in the setting of AEN syndrome is usually related to the underlying medical co-morbidities and diseases.
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PMID:Black esophagus: acute esophageal necrosis syndrome. 2061 76

Congenital volvulus is a life-threatening condition, both for the fetus and for the newborn. A volvulus is a twist of small bowel loops or a proximal part of the colon around the mesenteric artery or its branches. The potential consequences of volvulus are ileus and necrosis of the intestinal wall. Prenatal diagnosis of midgut volvulus is difficult. It should be suspected antenatally when polyhydramnios, intestinal dilatation, ascites and/or signs of fetal anemia are present on ultrasound assessment. We report a case of a congenital midgut volvulus associated with fetal anemia. The fetal ultrasound performed at 32 weeks' gestation showed a polyhydramnios, hydrothorax, thick ascites accumulation around the liver and the suspicion of a dilated bowel loop. Additionally, Doppler examination showed an increased value of peak systolic velocity in the middle cerebral artery. Cordocentesis confirmed significant fetal anemia. At 34 weeks, because of the suspicion of idiopathic meconium ileus and secondary anemia, a Cesarean section was performed after the administration of steroids. During the laparatomy, performed postnatally, a midgut volvulus was diagnosed. The affected portion of the ileum was resected and end-to-end anastomosis performed. An antenatal diagnosis of midgut volvulus should be considered when signs of fetal anemia, including an increased value of peak systolic velocity in the middle cerebral artery, are present with polyhydramnios, fetal ascites, dilated bowel loops on antenatal ultrasound. An assessment of the fetal hemodynamic status should be a part of the ultrasound assessment for patients with nonspecific fetal bowel pathologies, including congenital volvulus.
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PMID:Congenital midgut volvulus associated with fetal anemia. 2061 22

Anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency resulting from inadequate dietary intake is rare in children in the modern era because of improvements in nutritional status. However, such anemia can be caused by decreased ingestion or impaired absorption and/or utilization of vitamin B12. We report the case of an 18-year-old man with short stature, prepubertal sexual maturation, exertional dyspnea, and severe anemia with a hemoglobin level of 3.3 g/dL. He had a history of small bowel resection from 50 cm below the Treitz ligament to 5 cm above the ileocecal valve necessitated by midgut volvulus in the neonatal period. Laboratory tests showed deficiencies of both vitamin B12 and iron. A bone marrow examination revealed dyserythropoiesis and low levels of hemosiderin particles, and a cytogenetic study disclosed a normal karyotype. After treatment with parenteral vitamin B12 and elemental iron, both anemia and growth showed gradual improvement. This is a rare case that presented with short stature and delayed puberty caused by nutritional deficiency anemia in Korea.
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PMID:A case of anemia caused by combined vitamin B12 and iron deficiency manifesting as short stature and delayed puberty. 2118 35

A 31 year-old Nigerian man with jejuno-jejunal intussusception with the lead point being an adenocarcinoma complicated by small intestinal volvulus is presented. The subtle clinical features of an underlying small bowel malignancy were masked by the overwhelming clinical and radiological features of intussusception. rare case is reported to remind clinicians to have an increased index of suspicion of malignancy in patients who present with the usual features of chronic anemia, weight loss and loss of appetite with an intra-abdominal mass. The presentation of acute intestinal obstruction, with mesenteric vein thrombosis probably due to intussusception or volvulus should not however lower the suspicion. Histological evaluation of surgical biopsies is of immense importance.
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PMID:Intussusception and volvulus secondary to jejunal adenocarcinoma in an adult Nigerian male: a case report. 2122 Aug 68


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