Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042961 (volvulus)
 4,305 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intestinal obstruction secondary to transverse colon volvulus in a 7-year-old girl with previously diagnosed pathologic aerophagia is presented. This unusual combination is not previously described.
 ...
PMID:Transverse colon volvulus in a child with pathologic aerophagia. 379 54

The pathophysiology, clinical course and therapeutic management of gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) in dogs are well known. However, the aetiology remains elusive. Aerophagia has often been put forward as a contributing cause of GDV. The most common clinical sign in dogs with nasal mite (Pneumonyssoides caninum) infection is 'reversed sneezing', which may result in aerophagia. A prospective one-year necropsy study was conducted. Of 250 dogs, 17 were GDV cases and, of these, 35% had concurrent nasal mite infection compared to 5% in the control population. Multivariate logistic regression analyses performed using the 187 dogs with complete records included nasal mite infection status, age, weight and gender. Nasal mite infection was found to be the most important risk factor for GDV in this study, with an odds ratio and confidence interval of 27.6 (4.8-157.5). Other risk factors that were marginally significant included weight and age with odds ratios of 1.08 (1.02-1.13) and 1.37 (1.04-1.79), respectively. Gender was not found to be a significant risk factor for GDV. This study suggests that nasal mite infection may contribute to the development of GDV in otherwise predisposed dogs.
 ...
PMID:Pneumonyssoides caninum infection--a risk factor for gastric dilatation-volvulus in dogs. 968 37

Between 1993 and 1996 nine mentally retarded patients presented because of an acute abdomen. All had the habit of aerophagia, diagnosed previously by a general practitioner. Massive distension of the bowel led to ileus, volvulus, and necrosis. After placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy catheter or performing a gastrostomy during laparotomy with the intention to use as a desufflator, no recurrence of the signs and symptoms of an acute abdomen were observed.
 ...
PMID:Acute abdomen in mentally retarded patients: role of aerophagia. Report of nine cases. 1039 Nov 73

Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) is a disease in which there is gross distension of the stomach with fluid or gas and gastric malpositioning. It causes pathology of multiple organ systems and is rapidly fatal. It is common in large- and giant-breed dogs. The disease appears to have a familial predisposition. Thoracic depth/width ratio also appears to predispose dogs to GDV. Implicated dietary factors include dietary particle size, frequency of feeding, speed of eating, aerophagia and an elevated feed bowl. A fearful temperament and stressful events may also predispose dogs to GDV. Abdominal distension, non-productive retching, restlessness, signs of shock, tachypnoea and dyspnoea are possible clinical signs. Initial treatment includes treatment of shock and gastric decompression. Surgical treatment should be performed promptly. There are no studies comparing the use of different anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetic management of GDV. Pre-medication with an opioid/benzodiazepine combination has been recommended. Induction agents that cause minimal cardiovascular changes such as opioids, neuroactive steroidal agents and etomidate are recommended. Anaesthesia should be maintained with an inhalational agent. Surgical therapy involves decompression, correction of gastric malpositioning, debridement of necrotic tissue, and gastropexy. Options for gastropexy include incisional, tube, circumcostal, belt-loop, incorporating, and laparoscopic gastropexy. Expected mortality with surgical therapy is 15-24%. Prognostic factors include mental status on presentation, presence of gastric necrosis, presence of cardiac arrhythmia and plasma lactate levels. Prophylactic gastropexy should be considered in dogs identified as being at high risk.
 ...
PMID:Gastric dilatation-volvulus in dogs. 1603 41

Aerophagia, characterized by symptoms related to repetitive swallowing of air, is a functional gastrointestinal disorder. In some cases, severe aerophagia causes massive bowel distention and leads to volvulus, ileus, and even intestinal necrosis and perforation. A 10-year-old intellectually disabled boy was referred to our unit due to severe abdominal distention, bilious vomiting, no passage of feces and flatus during the previous 3 days. He had experienced episodes of severe abdominal distention and flatulence over the past 2-3 years. In the exploratory laparotomy, two old colonic perforations were found. Splenic flexura resection and diverting colostomy were performed. Rectal biopsy showed ganglionic architecture. During the fifth postoperative month, he was admitted to the emergency unit with severe abdominal distention. During this visit, we observed him swallowing air. For this reason, his primary illness was diagnosed as a pathologic aerophagia. The colostomy was closed 11 months following the first operation. His parents did not accept gastrostomy as a desufflator. For this reason, they were taught nasogastric tube installation for gastric distention. Briefly, if abdominal distention increases during the course of the day and increased flatus is observed during sleep, aerophagia could be the primary pathology. If aerophagia could cause complications, gastrostomy should be applied. If the parents refuse gastrostomy, the parents could perform nasogastric tube drainage.
 ...
PMID:Colon perforation due to pathologic aerophagia in an intellectually disabled child. 1785 58

Pathologic aerophagia is sometimes seen in patients with neurologic disorders. It rarely causes massive bowel distention, ileus, and volvulus. Here, we report the use of esophagogastric separation and abdominal esophagostomy via jejunal interposition to prevent bowel distention caused by severe aerophagia in 2 patients with neurologic disorders in whom the usual nonoperative methods of management failed. In both cases, swallowed air was evacuated via the jejunostomy, eliminating bowel distention. This operation may be useful in patients with neurologic disorders associated with severe aerophagia.
 ...
PMID:Esophagogastric separation and abdominal esophagostomy via jejunal interposition: a new operation for extreme forms of pathologic aerophagia. 2200 48

Gastric necrosis is a rare entity mainly due to the rich collateral blood flow the stomach is supplied by. Acute gastric dilation is one of the described underlying causes, and although not fully understood, many potential alterations, such as vascular compression, herniation, volvulus, acute necrotizing gastritis, complications after abdominal surgery, anorexia, bulimia nervosa, trauma, exposure to caustic materials, diabetes, medications, infections, debilitating chronic illness, gastric outlet obstruction, aerophagia and acute pancreatitis have been described. In this report, we present a case of partial gastric ischemia with necrosis and consequent perforation of the lesser curvature of the stomach, as a result of gastric outlet obstruction due to pyloric stenosis. The patient underwent an emergency laparotomy. An atypical gastrectomy and a Heineke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty were performed. We emphasize the need for the quick recognition of this condition and for the urgent management because of the high mortality rate associated with undiagnosed gastric necrosis.
...
PMID:Gastric wall ischemia following massive gastric distension due to peptic pyloric stenosis: a case report. 2685 Oct 51