Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042755 (masculinization)
 2,562 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case is reported of yolk sac tumor occurring in the left ovary and complicated by pregnancy. The 22-year-old patient presented at 28 weeks gestation with virilization and elevated serum levels of testosterone and alpha-fetoprotein. The tumor showed the typical features of yolk sac tumor with a mixture of islands of Leydig cells. The accumulations of Leydig cells were well demarcated from the cellular components of the yolk sac tumor and were distributed throughout the tumor, although with predominant localization at the periphery. By immunohistochemistry the Leydig cells were intensely positive for vimentin and negative for cytokeratins, allowing clear distinction from the cell components of the yolk sac tumor, which were positive for cytokeratins and negative for vimentin. Testosterone was also identified in the cytoplasm of the Leydig cells. After tumor resection the testosterone and alpha-fetoprotein levels declined simultaneously; this, together with the immunohistochemical demonstration of testosterone, indicates that the Leydig cells were responsible for the endocrine manifestations. Furthermore, antibodies against inhibin alpha-subunit and calretinin could be used to detect the Leydig cells. The present case, a combination of yolk sac tumor and Leydig cells acting as a functioning stroma and causing virilization during pregnancy, is very rare.
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PMID:Ovarian yolk sac tumor with virilization during pregnancy: immunohistochemical demonstration of Leydig cells as functioning stroma. 1088 32

Testosterone secreting tumours of the adrenal glands are usually adrenal carcinomas or adenomas. Here we report the rare case of an adrenal ganglioneuroma with ectopic Leydig cells, a so-called virilizing adrenal ganglioneuroma. Clinically it is characterized by symptoms of virilization, histologically by the occurrence of a population of eosinophilic cells. In the absence of crystalloids of Reinke this cell population can be identified as Leydig cells based on positive immunohistochemical staining of inhibin and calretinin.
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PMID:[Virilizing adrenal ganglioneuroma : A rare differential diagnosis in testosterone secreting adrenal tumours]. 1939 42

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic features, treatment and outcome of seven patients with an ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (SLCT). Five patients presented with feminization, two with accompanying virilization. One presented with amenorrhea alone. Three of the five patients showing feminization symptoms had endocrine-related diseases. Histologically, five tumors were well differentiated, the other two were poorly differentiated. The latter two patients were misdiagnosed as having an ovarian epithelial carcinoma or granulosa cell tumor from frozen sections. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumors were calretinin-positive in two patients and one was inhibin-positive. Four patients underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy(TAH/BSO) and two were treated by unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Among them, two patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. Six patients were free of disease in a follow-up of 2-34 years and one achieved a pregnancy. The remaining patient recurred 4 years later. Feminization as well as virilization might provide important clues for a preoperative diagnosis. Histological misdiagnosis is probable in poorly differentiated tumors. Conservative surgery including retention of fertility can be considered. However, the tendency for recurrence in poorly differentiated tumors should be considered.
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PMID:Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor: a report of seven cases and a review of the literature. 2317 50

We present a unique case of incidentally discovered bilateral Sertoli Leydig cell tumour in a primigravida who displayed no features of virilization. The apha fetoprotein levels were elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of ovarian tumors, possibly germ cell tumor. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed and histopathology showed features of Sertoli Leydig cell tumor with intermediate to poor differentiation. Immunohistochemistry was positive for calretinin and inhibin, while cytokeratin was negative. Four courses of bleomycin-, etoposide- and cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimen was started, but the patient aborted while receiving the second cycle of chemotherapy. She received the remaining two cycles of chemotherapy and is now on close follow up with monitoring of serum inhibin levels to detect any tumor recurrence. Bilateral Sertloli Leydig cell tumor has not been reported previously in a pregnant female. The aim of this article is to describe the clinical, radiological and pathological features and management of this rare entity.
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PMID:Bilateral sertoli-leydig cell tumor in a primigravida: a rare case. 2500 56