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Query: UMLS:C0042571 (vertigo)
 7,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The inner ears of 167 patients with vertigo and/or abnormal findings at vestibular testing were studied using magnetic resonance (MR). Pathology potentially explaining vertigo was found in 54 patients, and was detected in the posterior fossa (28%), the internal auditory canal (28%) and the membranous labyrinth (44%). The overall percentage of pathology and the percentage of pathology found in the membranous labyrinth was high and was probably influenced by the referral pattern in our hospital where high resolution MR of the inner ear (three dimensional Fourier transformation-constructive interference in steady state sequence; 3DFT-CISS sequence) is available. Unenhanced, and especially gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced T1-weighted spin-echo images, are needed to detect most of the pathology inside the internal auditory canal, and some of the lesions inside the membranous labyrinth. 3DFT-CISS images are the only images that can show fibrous obliteration of the intralabyrinthine fluid spaces, and are therefore necessary to recognise most of the intralabyrinthine pathology. Finally, T2-weighted spin-echo images are best suited to demonstrate cerebellar or brain stem infarction. An additional MR-angiography sequence (three dimensional Fourier transformation-fast imaging with steady precession; 3DFT-FISP) is used when vascular compression of the cochleovestibular nerve is suspected. MR is the method of choice to look for pathology in patients with vertigo, and allows detection of pathology that remains invisible with other imaging techniques. However, well adapted sequences are needed to detect these lesions.
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PMID:Magnetic resonance examination of the inner ear and cerebellopontine angle in patients with vertigo and/or abnormal findings at vestibular testing. 819 85

The sensitivity of different MRI sequences in the detection of inner ear malformations in patients presenting with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and/or vertigo was evaluated. We studied 650 patients presenting with SNHL and/or vertigo, clinically not suspected of having inner ear malformations. The sensitivity of T1-weighted, Gd-enhanced T1-weighted and (when available) T2-weighted spin-echo images, and three-dimensional Fourier transformation-constructive interference in steady state (3DFT-CISS) gradient-echo images, to unexpected malformations was assessed. Inner ear malformations were found in 15 (2.3%) of these patients. Enlargement of the endolymphatic duct and sac was the most frequent malformation, found in 11 patients. The 3DFT-CISS images showed all lesions; the other sequences were less sensitive and the pathology was missed, partially or only retrospectively seen in 11 of the 15 patients. Therefore, in addition to the routine unenhanced and Gd-enhanced T1-weighted and T2-weighted images, thin gradient-echo (3DFT-CISS) images are necessary to detect all clinically unexpected inner ear malformations in patients presenting with vertigo and/or SNHL.
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PMID:Inner ear malformations in patients with sensorineural hearing loss: detection with gradient-echo (3DFT-CISS) MRI. 874 Dec 2

The aim of the study was to correlate clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (3D CISS and MP-RANGE) findings in patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and/or vertigo. We found a high correlation of MRI and symptoms (17 out of 18 patients, 13 out of 13, respectively) concerning detectability of tumors and acute labyrinthitis. In the case of labyrinthine fibrosis, the correlation between clinical and MRI findings was lower. In conclusion, high-resolution MRI is very suitable in patients with SNHL or vertigo caused by tumors or acute labyrinthitis.
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PMID:Correlation of 3D MRI and clinical findings in the patients with sensorineural hearing loss and/or vertigo. 975 92

The aim of this study was to perform a realistic visualization of the auditory and vestibular system using volume data sets from high-resolution computed tomography (HR-CT) and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI). - In 10 patients with conductive and/or sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo and tinnitus, HR-CT and HR-MRI of the petrous bone were performed consecutively. CT was performed with a 16-slice computed tomography scanner using a high spatial resolution. MRI was performed with a 3.0 Tesla scanner using a three-dimensional-constructive interference in steady state (3D-CISS) gradient-echo, and T2-weighted, unenhanced and gadolinium (GD)-enhanced T1-weighted turbo spin-echo sequences. The middle ear structures were interactively segmented and visualized with a color-coded shaded-surface rendering method using the HR-CT volume data sets. The inner ear structures were interactively segmented and visualized with a color-coded shaded-surface rendering method using the high-resolution 3D-CISS MRI volume data sets. Finally, both shaded-surface rendered models were superimposed semi-automatically using a commercial available software program to visualize the auditory and vestibular system. - The representation of the middle and inner ear structures with image fusion of HR-CT and HR-MRI takes advantage of both the high bony contrast of HR-CT and the high soft tissue contrast discrimination and sensitivity to fluids of HR-MRI, as well as the high spatial resolution of both modalities. In comparison to the fused axial CT/MRI, the images of 3D CT/MRI fusion facilitates a clear representation and better spatial orientation. - The middle and inner ear consists of bony structures, soft tissue structures and fluid-filled spaces. For this reason, the image fusion of volume data sets from HR-CT and HR-MRI allowed an optimized and realistic visualization of the auditory and vestibular system.
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PMID:Image fusion of CT and MRI for the visualization of the auditory and vestibular system. 1581 22

Vascular anomalies of the cerebellopontine angle are rare compared to tumors in this area. Irritation of the trigeminal, facial, or vestibulocochlear nerve may cause trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm and vertigo, or tinnitus accordingly. Vessel loops in the cerebellopontine cisterns may cause compression at the root entry or exit zone of the cranial nerves V, VII, and VIII, a phenomenon which is called "vascular loop syndrome." Megadolichobasilar artery and aneurysms of the vertebrobasilar system can also lead to dislocation and compression of the cranial nerves and brain stem. Three-dimensional CISS MR imaging and MR angiography are useful in the detection of neurovascular compression. Microvascular decompression is an effective surgical procedure in the management of compression syndromes of the cranial nerves V, VII, and VIII.
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PMID:[Vascular anomalies of the cerebellopontine angle]. 1643 53

We admitted an 11-year-old girl with enlarged endolymphatic duct and sac syndrome to our hospital with severe nausea and vertigo. Three-dimensional constructive interference in steady state (3D-CISS) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (3D-FLAIR) images revealed a reflux of proteinous or hemorrhagic fluid into enlarged endolymphatic space in the labyrinth. This is the first imaging report to show endolymphatic hydrops visualized by noncontrast-enhanced MR imaging in a living human patient.
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PMID:Endolymphatic hydrops of the labyrinth visualized on noncontrast MR imaging: a case report. 1933 89