Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042571 (vertigo)
 7,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was an attempt to compare psychological and biological variables in 43 obese patients after intestinal bypass surgery. The difficulties in expressing the psychological variables quantitatively are discussed on the basis of the concept of transferability. By use of an expanded version of the Beck Depression Inventory and the Marke-Nyman Temperament Scale we could demonstrate that items concerning asthenia (self-dislike, irritability, work retardation, insomnia, fatigability, somatic preoccupation about aches and pains, loss of libido, headache, vertigo, palpitations, dryness of the mouth, thirst or increased liquid intake) had, when summed up, a score distribution indicating bimodality. The asthenic group of patients (n = 19) when compared with the non-asthenic patients (n = 24) showed metabolic deficiencies related to the vitamin D complex with no response to oral vitamin D3 administration measured by plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. The lack of response was associated with low calcium excretion in the urine, higher plasma alkaline phosphatase, and a tendency to higher blood levels of parathyroid hormone.
 ...
PMID:Depression or asthenia related to metabolic disturbances in obese patients after intestinal bypass surgery. 46 85

Because maintenance antivertiginous treatment with commonly used drugs is only moderately effective, there is still need for new therapeutic concepts in the therapy of vestibular vertigo. The cerebral calcium antagonist flunarizine (Sibelium) revealed positive vestibular effects in experimental animal studies and in healthy volunteers. Clinical trials versus placebo and reference drugs proved flunarizine to be effective in the treatment of vestibular disorders. Somnolence, weight gain, and, in rare cases, extrapyramidal symptoms and depression were discussed as side effects. Further studies on flunarizine's mechanism of action are needed to elucidate whether its clinical effects are indeed due to calcium-entry blockade.
 ...
PMID:Flunarizine in the treatment of vestibular vertigo: experimental and clinical data. 172 33

Three primary mechanisms have been suggested as an explanation of migraine; a neuronal event, a vascular event and a mechanism focussing on the trigeminal nerve and its supply to intra- and extracranial blood vessels. None of these theories has been adequately proven yet. A neuronal point of impact, rather than a vascular one, seems to be responsible for migraine prophylaxis with calcium antagonists. Primarily vasoactive substances such as nimodipine are not or only marginally effective, whereas flunarizine with a limited vascular activity is effective. Data on other calcium antagonists are insufficient to conclude on a migraine-prophylactic activity. The only calcium antagonist that has been extensively tested for vertigo is flunarizine. In placebo-controlled trials, the drug showed to be effective in labyrinthine vertigo. The mechanism behind this effect is unclear.
 ...
PMID:Calcium antagonists in migraine and vertigo. Possible mechanisms of action and review of clinical trials. 218 Jul 16

Flunarizine is a class IV calcium antagonist with a pharmacological profile which suggests its therapeutic potential in a number of neurological and cerebrovascular disorders. It is an effective prophylactic treatment for common or classic migraine in children and adults, and it appears at least as effective as a number of other agents which act by different pharmacological mechanisms, including pizotifen (pizotyline), cinnarizine, methysergide, nimodipine, metoprolol, propranolol, aspirin and cyclandelate. Flunarizine is also effective in reducing the frequency of seizures, when used as an 'add-on' treatment, in some patients with partial or generalised epilepsy resistant to maximal therapy with a combination of several conventional antiepileptic drugs. Placebo-controlled studies show that flunarizine is effective in the treatment of vertigo and associated symptoms of either peripheral or central origin, and in the treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency where psychological symptoms, rather than vertigo, are the primary symptoms. In the treatment of vertigo, flunarizine appears at least as effective as cinnarizine and more effective than nicergoline, betahistine dichlorhydrate, pentoxifylline (oxpentifylline) and vincamine. Flunarizine therefore is useful in the prophylaxis of migraine, an effective treatment for vertigo and a worthwhile alternative as 'add-on' therapy in patients with epilepsy resistant to conventional drugs.
 ...
PMID:Flunarizine. A reappraisal of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in neurological disorders. 268 91

Based upon the results of a double-blind study carried out in a series of 120 patients suffering from vertigo and objective vestibular symptoms, we made the following observations during the treatment of vestibular disorders by means of calcium-entry blockers: Subjective symptoms regress fairly well during treatment, but no better than after betahistine-dihydrochloride (BHC) or thietylperazine therapy (TP). Objective assessment of the therapeutic action of calcium antagonists on vestibular dysfunction is based on the results of the Harmonic Acceleration test, which was carried out by using a computerized rotatory chair. The most reliable parameter with respect to the objective assessment of the experimentally induced vestibular responses (VOR) is the gain. Our test results show a progressive decrease in GAIN, indicating a depressive or inhibitory effect of the calcium antagonist flunarizine upon the VOR. If we compare these results with those obtained in the betahistidine- and thiethylperazine groups, we cannot confirm the same decline in GAIN within the latter two groups. A statistical analysis demonstrates a significant difference between the F-gain on the one hand, and the BHC gain and TP gain on the other hand.
 ...
PMID:Calcium-entry blockers in the treatment of vestibular disorders. 307 13

One hundred and seventeen adult patients suffering from vestibular vertigo were treated in a multicentre double-blind study with flunarizine (10 mg before sleeping) or betahistine dichlorhydrate (8 mg 3 times daily). The study took 2 months. The results revealed that flunarizine is significantly more active against attacks of vertigo and associated symptoms (mainly neurovegetative disorders, anxiety and headaches). The global superiority of flunarizine was confirmed by both the evaluation by the investigators and the patient. Significantly fewer patients treated with flunarizine reported side effects or interrupted the trial therapy prematurely. This study confirms the value of the calcium antagonist flunarizine in the treatment of vestibular vertigo.
 ...
PMID:Flunarizine and betahistine. Two different therapeutic approaches in vertigo compared in a double-blind study. 307 14

Vertigo as a symptom of vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) is a serious clinical problem in elderly patients. Recent epidemiologic studies have shown that patients with VBI run the same risk of developing complete cerebral infarction as do patients with TIAs. In order to study the efficacy of calcium antagonists in vertebrobasilar insufficiency, an animal model of VBI was developed by occluding one vertebral artery with a balloon catheter. Judging by the reversal of the nystagmic pattern of petite ecriture, the calcium antagonists flunarizine and nimodipine are effective drugs in this animal model of VBI.
 ...
PMID:Calcium antagonists in an animal model of vertebrobasilar insufficiency. 307 20

A new classification of calcium antagonists has been developed by a WHO expert committee. Substances acting primarily via the inhibition of calcium entry into the cell have been divided into four distinct classes. The pharmacological characteristics of these classes that may be relevant for the use in various neurological disorders are highlighted in this paper. Some main differences concern the effects on vascular smooth muscle cells and brain cells. The well-documented clinical applications in neurology are still limited to migraine prophylaxis and vertigo. The evidence concerning the usefulness in cerebral vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid haemorrhage was regarded as reasonable, whereas several neurological indications should still be regarded as being under examination. There is little doubt that calcium antagonists will gain importance in the treatment of several neurological diseases.
 ...
PMID:The classification of calcium antagonists by the WHO expert committee: relevance in neurology. 318 Feb 2

Vertigo is not a disease, but a symptom. Therefore, the therapy of vertigo is primarily directed at eliminating the underlying cause. In about half of the cases the cause will not become apparent, however, and the therapy is doomed to be symptomatic. Several types of drugs have been found to have an anti-vertigo activity, e.g. antihistamines, calcium antagonists, anti-emetics. For the selection of vestibular depressants, the vestibular caloric test and the rotation test can be used. The duration of the nystagmus induced by rotation is the most useful parameter. The lag-period, the extent and duration of the vestibular effects can be determined and compared with that of other substances. A stronger action on a nystagmus does not necessarily mean a stronger anti-vertiginous action. The final proof of an anti-vertiginous activity can only be established in clinical studies in patients with vertigo.
 ...
PMID:The use of vestibular tests for the selection of anti-vertigo drugs. 325 Feb 5

Few calcium entry blockers have been studied in the treatment of vertigo. Flunarizine and cinnarizine are the most extensively studied substances. They have been shown to be valuable drugs in the therapeutic approach to vertigo. A few pilot studies have been performed with nimodipine but controlled data are lacking. Flunarizine has a direct long-lasting vestibulodepressant effect in both animals and humans. In patients with labyrinthine vertigo, it produced a marked symptomatic relief of symptoms significantly exceeding the effects of placebo or nicergoline. A number of studies dealing with vertigo of central etiology were also positive. Patient selection in such trials, however, is doomed to be less precise so that cautiousness must be exerted in interpreting such studies. The level of proof for flunarizine is still as good as for other substances or better. It is discussed whether the effects are due to calcium entry blocking properties.
 ...
PMID:Calcium entry blockers in the treatment of vertigo. 337 79


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>