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Query: UMLS:C0042571 (vertigo)
 7,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Subjects exposed to industrial solvents may experience vertigo and nausea. Solvents are usually volatile hydrocarbon compounds, which are important parts of everyday life in a modern society. They may also cause neurastenia, personality changes, and reduced intellectual capacity. The syndrome that may develop was formerly named psycho-organic syndrome (POS), but in modern terminology it is called chronic toxic encephalopathy (CTE). The syndrome develops slowly, and during the first years no pathological findings will be found using various test batteries. Somewhat later, when the syndrome still might be reversible, psychometric, auditory, and otoneurologic testing may well unveil disturbances within the posterior fossa structures. Animal experiments suggest one site of effect for solvents to be within the cerebellum and brainstem regions with close relationship to the gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) transmission. In the otoneurologic test battery, visual suppression and smooth pursuit are of extreme value, as are some auditory tests such as discrimination of interrupted speech and cortical response audiometry using frequency glides as stimuli. Dynamic posturography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have recently proved valuable in the diagnosis. Research is needed concerning the most efficient test battery for early detection of solvent-induced lesions. During further research it is important to unveil other toxic agents, like heavy metals and alcohol, and their damage to the central nervous system and to make comparisons between these substances and the lesions caused by hydrocarbon solvents.
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PMID:Otoneurologic disturbances caused by solvent pollution. 160 34

Quantitation of High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HRMAS) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) signals enables establishing reference metabolite profiles of ex vivo tissues. Signals are often contaminated by a background signal originating mainly from macromolecules and lipids and by residual water which hampers proper quantitation. We show that automatic quantitation of HRMAS signals, even in the presence of a background, can be achieved by the semi-parametric algorithm QUEST based on prior knowledge of a metabolite basis-set. The latter was quantum-mechanically simulated with NMR-SCOPE and requires accurate spin parameters. The region of interest of spectra is a small part of the full spectral bandwidth. Reducing the computation time inherent to the large number of data-points is possible by using ER-Filter in a preprocessing step. Through Monte-Carlo studies, we analyze the performances of quantitation without and with ER-Filtering. Applications of QUEST to quantitation of 1H ex vivo HRMAS-NMR data of mouse brains after intoxication with soman, are demonstrated. Metabolic profiles obtained during status epilepticus and later when neuronal lesions are installed, are established. Acetate, Alanine, Choline and gamma-amino-butyric acid concentrations increase in the piriform cortex during the initial status epilepticus, when seizures are maximum; Lactate and Glutamine concentrations increase while myo-Inositol and N-acetylaspartate concentrations decrease when neuronal lesions are clearly installed.
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PMID:Quantitation with QUEST of brain HRMAS-NMR signals: application to metabolic disorders in experimental epileptic seizures. 1850 44