Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042571 (vertigo)
 7,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-one consecutive cases of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the elderly (over 70 years at the onset) were reported with special reference to neurological evaluations, prognosis and mortality in the acute phase. There were 11 men and 20 women with ICH, who were admitted to the Yokufukai Geriatric Hospital within 24 hours after the onset of ICH. Their ages at the onset ranged from 71 to 93 years with a mean of 81.1 years. The lesion location showed 5 cases with thalamic hemorrhage, 4 cases with putaminal hemorrhage, 6 cases with subcortical hemorrhage, 7 cases with cerebellar hemorrhage, 8 cases with mixed hemorrhage and 1 case with unclassified hemorrhage. 61.3% of all cases showed the onset during daytime but the remaining awoke in the morning with their symptoms or had the onset from the stage of the bedridden state. The classical prodromal symptoms headache and nausea or vomiting were found in 30% and 54.8%, respectively. Two cases with cerebellar hemorrhage were accompanied by vertigo. Twenty-four patients had consciousness disturbance at admission. There were 18 cases with right or left hemiparetic symptoms, 5 cases with tetraparesis, and 5 cases without motor dysfunction. The remaining already had hemiparesis due to old stroke. Patients with mixed hemorrhage usually exhibited conjugate deviation. In 9 of 31 cases there were mental symptoms such as wandering or night delirium. The 30-day mortality rate was 64.5% and sixty-five percent of them died within 6 days after the onset of ICH. Consciousness at admission was the overwhelming predictive factor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Cerebrovascular disease in the elderly--clinical study of 31 cases with acute intracerebral hemorrhages]. 224 24

Treatment for hypertensive cerebellar hemorrhage still remains controversial as to whether direct surgical procedure is indicated or not. This is so even after the introduction of CT scan which easily demonstrates the location and size of the hematoma and the presence of hydrocephalus. In this paper, we present our experience of 20 patients with cerebellar hemorrhage treated by stereotactic evacuation using Komai's CT-stereotactic apparatus. All the patients had vertigo, cerebellar symptoms, dysfunction of brain stem or consciousness disturbance. The hematomas on CT scan were more than 28 mm in diameter. Acute obstructive hydrocephalus occurred in 90% of the patients with hematoma 40 mm or larger in size. The patients with consciousness disturbance were immediately operated on after the attack, and a drainage tube was placed in the hematoma cavity to drain cerebrospinal fluid and liquefied hematoma for one to eight days. On the other hand, when patients with hematoma around 30 mm in diameter complained vertigo for about two weeks, they also were operated on stereotactically. After the operation, their symptoms improved rapidly. The stereotactic operation could aspirate about 85% of the estimated hematoma volume and improved the hydrocephalus, except in one case in which the patient rapidly deteriorated to coma level with a large cerebellar hemorrhage and brain stem damage. This stereotactic evacuation of cerebellar hematoma using a plasminogen activator is effective for not only the removal of hematoma, but also for the treatment of secondary hydrocephalus following obstruction of the fourth ventricle by cerebellar hemorrhage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Stereotactic evacuation of hypertensive cerebellar hemorrhage using plasminogen activator. 267 56

We report a survival patient with hemorrhage in the quadrigeminal plate and discuss the literature of midbrain hemorrhage. A 13-year-old boy developed severe headache and vertigo on April 1st, 1983. On admission, he was comatose and tetraplegic with bilateral facial palsy and total ophthalmoplegia. CT scan revealed a hemorrhage in the midbrain and ambient cistern, but vertebral angiogram no abnormal vessels. Seven hours after admission, continuous ventricular drainage was performed. Disturbance of consciousness, ophthalmoplegia and speech disturbance were gradually improved. CT scan with contrast medium 3 weeks after admission showed a small high density spot in the right quadrigeminal plate. It might be suggested that this spot was the bleeding point and was probably a cryptic microvascular malformation. At the discharge only a minimal limitation of eye ball movement was left.
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PMID:[Hemorrhage in the quadrigeminal plate--a case report]. 332 Aug 3

A 46-year-old woman was doing well until December 1989, when she noted vertigo and difficulty in walking. She was admitted to our department on February, 7, 1990. General physical examination was unremarkable. Neurological examination revealed opsoclonus, limbs and truncal ataxia, and myoclonus over the facial muscle, neck, and all the extremities, suggestive of opsoclonus-polymyoclonia syndrome. Other neurological finding was not apparent. T2 weighted MRI (Siemens 1.5 Tesla) showed abnormal high intensity area without mass effect at the dentate nucleus of left cerebellum. She was treated with 60 mg of oral prednisolone, followed by gradual improvement of her neurological signs and abnormal MRI findings. However, in May, she gradually developed right hemiparesis, consciousness disturbance and pseudobulbar palsy. MRI showed multiple abnormal intensity area at left frontal lobe, right basal ganglia, and right cerebellar hemisphere. Open brain biopsy from the left frontal lesion revealed malignant lymphoma (diffuse large cell type, B cell type). She was treated by radiation therapy at the dose of 50 Gy (whole brain 40 Gy, local 10 Gy) with subsequent disappearance of opsoclonus, myoclonus, and ataxia. To our knowledge, this is the first case of primary intracranial malignant lymphoma presenting opsoclonus-polymoclonia syndrome.
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PMID:[A case of primary intracranial malignant lymphoma presenting opsoclonus-polymyoclonia syndrome]. 831 92

A 71-year-old man presented with sudden onset of vertigo and a 77-year-old man suffered consciousness disturbance. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on admission showed hyperintense areas in the left cerebellar hemisphere in the first patient and in the brainstem in the second patient. Both patients were treated with argatroban and edaravone, and the neurological deficits markedly improved one month after admission. T2-weighted MR imaging one month after the onset showed much smaller hyperintense areas compared with the findings on admission in both patients. These results indicate that findings of hyperintense areas by diffusion-weighted MR imaging in the acute stage of ischemic cerebrovascular disease indicate not only the ischemic core but also parts of the reversible incomplete ischemic lesion and suggest that intensive treatment in the acute stage might reverse ischemic brain damage in some patients.
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PMID:Differences in diffusion-weighted and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging findings in the acute and chronic stages of ischemic cerebrovascular disease--two case reports. 1520 59

We report two cases of reversible brainstem hypertensive encephalopathy (RBHE) with unusual magnetic resonance (MR) findings. Patient 1, an 85-year-old man without a history of hypertension, developed acute severe hypertension and mild consciousness disturbance as the only symptoms. Patient 2, a 46-year-old man with an untreated hypertension, presented with extremely high blood pressure and general fatigue, vertigo, and mild dysarthria as the initial manifestations. In these patients, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T2-weighted MR images revealed diffuse hyperintensities in the brainstem. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings were normal, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were increased in the brainstem. The supratentorial regions were largely spared, and mildly diffuse hyperintensities were noted in the white matter. There were no accompanying changes in the occipital lobe and cerebellum. The lesions completely resolved after stabilization of blood pressure. The normal DWI findings and high ADC values were consistent with vasogenic edema due to severe hypertension. The characteristics of RBHE are a very high blood pressure, mild clinical and neurologic symptoms, rapidly improved MR findings after initial treatment with the control of hypertension, and a marked clinicoradiologic dissociation.
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PMID:Reversible brainstem hypertensive encephalopathy (RBHE): Clinicoradiologic dissociation. 1867 82

Patients with symptoms and signs of central nervous system dysfunction frequently present to outpatient clinics and emergency departments. Disturbances of consciousness and cognition, headache, vertigo, dizziness or light-headedness, seizures, hemiparesis or hemisensory deficits, and other motor dysfunctions may be due to diseases of internal medicine in up to 50% of cases apart from exclusively neurological diseases. A neurological syndrome oriented analysis of each clinical case allows the exact differential diagnosis of the causes of the disease. A combined approach of internal medicine physicians and neurologists is often warranted.
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PMID:[CNS dysfunction as symptom of internal disease]. 2023 32

Background Migraine with brainstem aura is defined as a migraine with aura including at least two of the following symptoms: dysarthria, vertigo, tinnitus, hypacusis, diplopia, ataxia and/or decreased level of consciousness. Aim The aim of this study is to review data coming from clinical observations and functional mapping that support the role of the cerebral cortex in the initiation of brainstem aura symptoms. Results Vertigo can result from a vestibular cortex dysfunction, while tinnitus and hypacusis can originate within the auditory cortex. Diplopia can reflect a parieto-occipital involvement. Dysarthria can be caused by dysfunctions located in precentral gyri. Ataxia can reflect abnormal processing of vestibular, sensory, or visual inputs by the parietal lobe. Alteration of consciousness can be caused by abnormal neural activation within specific consciousness networks that include prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices. Conclusion Any symptom of so-called brainstem aura can originate within the cortex. Based on these data, we suggest that brainstem aura could have a cortical origin. This hypothesis would explain the co-occurrence of typical and brainstem aura during attacks and would fit with the theory of cortical spreading depression. We propose that migraine with brainstem aura should be classified as a typical migraine aura.
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PMID:Migraine with brainstem aura: Why not a cortical origin? 2907 74