Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042571 (vertigo)
 7,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Commonly used antibacterial agents may be associated with various neurotoxic reactions. Central nervous system toxicities include seizure disorders, encephalopathy, bulging fontanelles, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. These abnormalities have been associated with the use of the penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, colistin, aminoglycosides, metronidazole, isoniazid, rifampin, ethionamide, cycloserine, and dapsone. Cranial nerve toxicities, such as myopia, optic neuritis, deafness, vertigo, and tinnitus, have been associated with the use of erythromycin, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, colistin, aminoglycosides, vancomycin, isoniazid, and ethambutol. Peripheral nerve symptoms consisting of paresthesias, motor weakness, or sensory impairment have been associated with the use of the penicillins, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, colistin, metronidazole, isoniazid, ethionamide, and dapsone. Neuromuscular blockade has been associated with the use of the tetracyclines, polymyxins, lincomycin, clindamycin, and aminoglycosides. Management generally consists of supportive therapy and immediate discontinuation of therapy with the offending drug.
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PMID:The neurotoxicity of antibacterial agents. 632 54

A retrospective study of 55 patients with panic disorder referred for psychiatric consultation by primary care physicians is presented. Eighty-nine percent of the patients initially presented with one or two somatic complaints, and misdiagnosis often continued for months or years. The three most common presentations were cardiac symptoms (chest pain, tachycardia, irregular heart beat), gastrointestinal symptoms (especially epigastric distress), and neurologic symptoms (headache, dizziness/vertigo, syncope, or paresthesias). Eighty-one percent of patients had a presenting pain complaint. Hypertension and peptic ulcer were the most common medical diagnoses, and depression and alcoholism the most frequently associated psychiatric diagnoses.
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PMID:Panic disorder and somatization. Review of 55 cases. 637 87

The prevalence of autonomic disturbances in diabetics was investigated using a direct questionnaire. Compared to non-diabetics and healthy subjects, diabetics had a much higher incidence of paresthesia in the limbs (41%) and impotence (66%). These two symptoms proved to be important in diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Other symptoms of autonomic disturbances in diabetics such as postural vertigo, abnormal sweating, diarrhea and constipation, abnormally cold or burning feet, itching, thirst, urinary bladder disturbance and libido decrease in females seemed to be non-specific for diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Paresthesia in the limbs, abnormally cold or burning feet, urine bladder disturbance and impotence were thought to be related to some degree to the duration, severity and complications of diabetes respectively.
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PMID:Prevalence of autonomic disturbances in diabetics as compared with non-diabetics and healthy subjects. 668 May 21

We studied a kindred with an acetazolamide-responsive, episodic ataxia syndrome. Affected members experienced paroxysmal attacks of ataxia that were precipitated by exertion or stress. All but one young patient had additional neurologic symptoms that included paresthesia, weakness, headache, tinnitus, vertigo, and myotonia. All symptoms were prevented by acetazolamide. Between attacks, serum pyruvate and lactate levels and urinary amino acids were normal, but electroencephalograms showed paroxysmal, high-amplitude, slow and sharp activity. Serum K+ was normal during attacks. The metabolic abnormality seems to affect the cerebellum and brainstem and may involve peripheral nerve and muscle.
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PMID:Acetazolamide-responsive episodic ataxia syndrome. 668 59

The effects of estrogen/gestagen (e/g) treatment given in a 28-day cycle (Trisequens forteR, Novo) on menopausal symptoms and plasma concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were studied in a placebo trial. 119 normal women in the early postmenopausal period with mild to moderate climacteric complaints were included. At 3-month intervals for 2 years the participants were examined and filled in questionnaires containing the 11 symptoms of the Kupperman index (10). For each symptom a score was given. In the e/g group 77% (43/56) completed the trial compared with 83% (54/63) in the control group. A total of 61% of the women complained of hot flushes and from 9% to 44% complained of the remaining 10 Kupperman symptoms. At all eight examinations e/g treatment was found to have reduced the symptom score as well as the proportion of women with hot flushes, paresthesia, insomnia, nervousness, vertigo and formication. The symptom score of hot flushes and insomnia declined significantly (p less than 0.01). In the 24 women with hot flushes and in the 19 without, e/g caused similar reduction in the mean score of the other 10 symptoms. No placebo effect was seen. E/g caused a significant (p less than 0.01) fall in the elevated plasma concentrations of FSH and LH. Vaginal bleeding was regular in 38/43 and irregular in 4/43 women during hormone treatment. No serious side effects were attributed to e/g therapy. It is concluded that e/g treatment, in addition to its beneficial effects on hot flushes and insomnia, also alleviates several other climacteric symptoms.
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PMID:Effects of two years' estrogen-gestagen replacement on climacteric symptoms and gonadotropins in the early postmenopausal period. 681 85

An apparent case of psychosis induced by cimetidine is reported. A 61-year-old Caucasian woman was hospitalized with chief complaints of left-sided paresthesias, headache, and vertigo. She had a history of hyperparathyroidism, thyroid insufficiency, and chronic but stable renal insufficiency. Admitting laboratory data indicated possible hepatic compromise. On day 16 of hospitalization, cimetidine (300 mg q 6 hr p.o.) was begun because of a falling hematocrit and guaiac-positive stools. Within 24 hours after cimetidine therapy was begun, the patient was confused, tearful, and disoriented. This confusional state continued during treatment with cimetidine, and was refractory to antipsychotic therapy. On day 5 of cimetidine therapy, the patient experienced visual and auditory hallucinations, and both cimetidine and antipsychotic drugs were discontinued. The patient was noted to be alert and oriented 24 hours later. A review of the literature revealed 30 cases of apparent cimetidine-induced CNS changes. Patients experiencing such reactions were typically elderly with compromised renal or hepatic failure, or both. Future studies on this topic should focus on predisposing patient factors and serum or cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of cimetidine associated with the symptomology.
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PMID:Cimetidine-induced mental status changes: case report and literature review. 744 41

A man with a subclinical cobalamin deficiency developed syncope, vertigo, paresthesias, and ataxia after two exposures to nitrous oxide anesthesia. Patients with unrecognized cobalamin deficiency may be particularly susceptible to brief exposures to nitrous oxide, which inactivates the cobalamin-dependent enzyme methionine synthase and may cause a myeloneuropathy. Clinicians should consider this entity when confronted with patients with neuropathic symptoms after surgical or dental procedures.
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PMID:'Anesthesia paresthetica': nitrous oxide-induced cobalamin deficiency. 764 61

The effect of 806 microstimulations were observed in 16 patients with movement disorders, dystonia (DA, n = 6) and tremor (TR, n = 10). Among the 347 sites in DA patients motor response was seen at 29 sites, the response with increased dystonia was seen at 28 sites. The effect could be seen at 14 sites (50%) in ventrointermedialis (Vim), five sites (18%) in ventrocaudalis (Vc) and five sites (18%) in white matter (Wm). As for the other four sites, one site was in ventraloralis anterior (Voa), two sites in ventraloralis posterior (Vop), and one site in dorsal thalamus (dth), but reduction of dystonia drive was only seen at one site in dth. On the other hand, among the 459 sites in TR patients, motor response leading to reduction of tremor drive was seen at 38 sites, of which 30 sites (79%) were noted in Vim nuclei, and five sites (13.2%) in vc nuclei; of the remaining sites, two were seen in Vop nuclei, one in dth, and no increasing tremor drive was observed in all area. In general, paresthesia was the most common response, which was found at 159 sites (45.8%) with DA and 216 sites (47.1%) with TR. Pain was only seen at one site in Wm of DA; warm/cold and vertigo could be seen in Vop, Vim, and vc nucleus respectively. No responses were shown at 156 sites (45%) in DA, and 201 sites (43.8%) in TR.
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PMID:Distribution and response evoked by microstimulation of thalamus nuclei in patients with dystonia and tremor. 808 93

459 microstimulations were done in 10 patients with tremor. The motor evoked response with reduction tremor drive was observed at 38 sites, of which 30 (79%) were noted in ventrointermedialis (vim) nuclei, and 5 (13.2%) in ventrocaudalis (vc) nuclei, 2 in ventroralis posterior (vop) nuclei, 1 in dorsal thalamus (dth). No increased tremor drive response was noted in all the sites. Paresthesia was the most common response (47.1%). Except pain at 1 site in vc nuclei, warm/cold and vertigo were noted in vop, vim, vc nuclei. No responses accounted for 43.8%.
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PMID:Effective response evoked by microstimulation of thalamus nuclei in patients with tremor. 840 81

At certain seasons of the year in Thailand, the horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda may be toxic to human and fatal poisoning occasionally occur. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) and its derivatives were major toxins in the toxic eggs of the horseshoe crab. An epidemic of poisoning by eating toxic eggs of the horseshoe crab affected 71 persons in Chon Buri which located in the eastern coast of Thailand. Patients generally presented with neurologic symptoms such as paresthesia, vertigo, weakness, respiratory paralysis, altered consciousness with unreactive dilated pupils in addition to gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. Nineteen patients required artificial ventilation and there were two deaths. This is the first large outbreak of tetrodotoxin poisoning recognized in Thailand.
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PMID:An epidemic of tetrodotoxin poisoning following ingestion of the horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda. 862 77


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