Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042571 (vertigo)
 7,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Toremifene is a triphenylethylene derivative structurally and pharmacologically similar to tamoxifen. This Phase I trial assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics, anti-estrogenic, and estrogenic effects of toremifene at six dose levels (10, 20, 40, 60, 200, and 400 mg/day). The most common side-effects associated with therapy included gastrointestinal (nausea/vomiting 43%), anti-estrogenic (hot flashes 29%), and CNS (dizziness/vertigo 12%). Three patients with bone metastases from breast cancer developed hypercalcemia. At doses greater than or equal to 40 mg/day a decline in LH and FSH occurred which was not statistically significant. At all doses tested SHBG rose during therapy. A dose dependent estrogenic blockade was seen on the vaginal epithelium following challenge with transdermal estradiol. Steady-state concentrations of toremifene were reached within 4 weeks, and at doses greater than or equal to 60 mg/day ranged from 879-3445 ng/ml. The half-life was found to be 5 days, and at three weeks following discontinuation of treatment concentrations greater than 24 ng/ml were detected. The N-desmethyl and 4-hydroxy metabolites achieved steady state levels within 4 weeks and had half-lives of 6 and 5 days respectively. Partial responses were seen in 4 patients, 3 with breast cancer treated at 200 mg/day and 1 with endometrial cancer treated at 400 mg/day.
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PMID:Phase I study of the tolerance and pharmacokinetics of toremifene in patients with cancer. 214 80

The present investigation was undertaken to establish the relation between climacteric symptoms, ovarian function, ageing, and psychological factors. The subjects were as follows; 1,270 women who received a screening test for cervical cancer and 247 women following hysterectomy. The methods of investigation were Kupperman menopausal index (K-index), Cornell Medical Index (CMI) and YG character questionnaire (YG test). The following results were obtained: 1) the K-index increased until 39 years of age and was constant after 40 years. Five symptoms (chills, nervousness, melancholia, excitability and vertigo) were not influenced by ageing, and seven symptoms (panting, hypesthesia, insomnia, wakefulness, fatigue, palpitation and formication) increased with age. Hot flushes, perspiration, numbness, shoulder stiffness, lumbago, and headache, occurred at peak frequency in the climacteric period. 2) In hot flushes, perspiration, numbness, hypesthesia, shoulder stiffness, lumbago, and formication, a significant difference was found between the control and those patients who had received bilateral oophorectomy. 3) The K-index and CMI score were significantly correlated, and six symptoms (palpitation, panting, excitability, vertigo, wakefulness and formication) in particular were related to CMI. 4) The K-index was lowest in the patients indicated to be the D type by the YG test, and was highest in the patients of the B.E type. Six symptoms (excitability, palpitation, panting, melanchoria, hypesthesia and formication) were thought to be associated with the character of the patients. Results showed that four symptoms (hot flushes, perspiration, numbness, shoulder stiffness and lumbago) were closely related to ovarian function, and three symptoms (panting, excitability, and palpitation) depended largely on mental factors. The relationship between vasomortor symptoms and gonadotropin was investigated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Study on climacteric symptoms in relation to ovarian function ageing and psychologic factors]. 249 39

133 women, aged 29-73, were administered the estriol preparation Gynaesan 1000, in order to combat complications and symptoms related to menopause. 93 were already in menopause, 36 were in climacterium and were still having manstruation, and 4 had had hysterectomies. Symptoms included hot flashes, nervous disturbances, heart flutters, insomnia, and vertigo. The general and local medical effects of this treatment were determined. A clear improvement in the great majority of cases was observed in regard to estriol insufficient related problems. However, histological and cytological studies engaged throughout the treatments showed some unwanted side effects that were not immediately evident. These were primarily in the form of epithelial atrophies, usually appearing around the 20th day of treatment. In the use of estriol in treating such conditions, care must be taken to differentiate between the general appearances and local effects.
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PMID:[General and topical effects of estriol]. 474 58

An approach to the management of the climacteric and postmenopausal patient is outlined. Menopause refers to the time at which menstruation ceases; climacteric, the period of transition. Neither is pathological. After the functional life of the ovary terminates when the supply of primary oocytes is exhausted, the feedback mechanism with FSH is disrupted leading to high blood and urinary levels of FSH. Estrogen often continues to be produced for about 10 years postmenopausally. Hormone therapy is indicated to treat vasomotor instability, such as hot flashes, numbness and tingling, vertigo, cold hands and feet, palpitations and headache, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and senile vaginitis. The psychological changes often noted are functional and not due to estrogen withdrawal. There is currently no proof of the efficacy of long term estrogen replacement as a means of preventing heart diseases or osteoporosis.
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PMID:Management of the climacteric and postmenopausal woman. 503 99

Recently, a new non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor, letrozole (Femara tablet 2.5 mg) launched in Japan for the treatment of postmenopausal women with breast cancer. This drug has triazole structure, as similar drug, anastrozole (Arimidex). Currently, this drug has been put on markets in more than 80 countries, in which more than 20 countries have approved the use for the extended adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer. Letrozole is an oral drug given once daily and the first choice for the treatment of patients with steroid receptor positive or receptor-unknown locally advanced or metastatic postmenopausal breast cancer. As for the adverse events, they are mostly mild, including hot flashes, arthritis, miyalgia, and such as nausea, fatigue, anorexia, hyperorexia, edema, headache, vertigo, vomition and others. In the large international breast cancer studies, beneficial results were obtained for the post-surgical endocrine therapy of postmenopausal women with breast cancer, and the similar use of this drug has been approved in Japan.
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PMID:[Introduction of new drug: letrozole, a new non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor for the treatment of postmenopausal women with breast cancer]. 1677 Jan 12

Vertigo is one of the usual menopausal symptoms. We have often examined some women under the complaint of vertigo related with the menopause. We diagnosed each disease based on neuro-otological examinations and investigated the characteristics of menopausal-associated vertigo. We studied 413 women aged 40-59 years old who complained of vertigo. There were 73 women with menopause symptoms (14 women introduced from the gynecologist in our medical center, 18 women had undergone treatment at another female clinic, and 41 women visited an otorhinolaryngologist first) compared with 340 women without menopause symptoms. In the menopause group, 41 (56.2%) cases were diagnosed as having benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), 13 (17.8%) cases had Meniere's disease, sudden deafness with vertigo accounted 2 cases, one was an acoustic tumor, and so on. The percentage of patients with BPPV was almost same ratio between the menopause group (56.2%) and the non-menopause group (52.9%). The percentage of patients with Meniere's disease was higher markedly in the menopausal group (17.8%). than the non-menopause group (9.7%). Menopausal symptoms are caused not only by hot flashes related to a lack of estrogen but also by psychological factors. The onset of Meniere's disease can also be influenced by psychological factors. As for the diagnosis of Meniere's disease, we supposed the reason for the higher percentage in the menopausal group was its relationship with psychological factors. We could diagnose and treat some menopausal women with vertigo. We believe that joint consultation with a gynecologist and otorhinolaryngologist would be necessary to ensure an optimum quality of life for such patients.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of vertigo in menopausal women]. 2268 64