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Query: UMLS:C0042571 (vertigo)
 7,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fast voluntary horizontal head movements (n = 400, maximum acceleration 8,500 deg/sec2) were recorded together with surface EEG over pre- and post-central regions in 30 healthy volunteers while they were gazing at a head-fixed target in darkness. Artifacts of mechanical, myogenic and oculomotor origin could be precluded. Selective averaging of the fastest movements revealed a biphasic cortical potential. Median latency of its onset was 123.5 msec, of its first peak 189 msec, of the second peak 373 msec, with amplitudes ranging around 5.7 microV. Similar recordings in patients with uni- or bilateral vestibular nerve lesions demonstrated that strong stimulation of the joint vestibular and somatosensory (neck afferent) input facilitated characteristically related EEG activity: side differences of vestibular input could be measured on this level of the CNS, i.e. measured on the cortical level as additional information to the commonly used vestibulo-oculomotor response; patients with early, bilateral loss of vestibular functions showed a specific long-term adaptation of their related EEC activity. We conclude that clinical studies of this kind might aid in diagnosis of vertigo and related phenomena.
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PMID:Active head turning and correlated cerebral potentials. Experimental and clinical aspects. 348 12

The work aimed at defining the pattern and frequency of rhythm disturbances in basic brain bioelectric activity in EEG recordings, routinely regarded as normal, in workers exposed to chronic carbon disulfide (CS2) poisoning, without detected symptoms of organic lesions in the nervous system. The study covered 188 viscose spinners occupationally exposed to changing concentrations of CS2 vapours whose mean annual results of measurements ranged between 10 and 35 mg/m3, and the mean individual exposure fell within the range of 9.9-41.6 mg/m3 (mean--25.8 mg/m3). The frequency of alpha rhythm was analysed in EEG recordings with exclusive or nearly exclusive alpha rhythm in two groups studied. The presence or absence of subjective symptoms was taken as a criterion for the selection of subjects. Group I was composed of 116 subjects with subjective symptoms. Group II consisted of 72 workers with neither subjective nor objective symptoms. The age in group I ranged from 26 to 65 years (mean, 48.7 years), and the duration of employed from 5 to 39 years (mean, 23.3 years). The complaints reported were of neurasthenic and polyneuropathic type. The age in group II ranged from 28 to 63 years (mean, 49.4 years), the duration of occupational exposure accounted for 8-43 years (mean, 25.6 years). The control group included 194 persons with EEG routinely regarded as normal, matched by gender, age and work shift distribution. The subjects in Group I reported most frequently the following complaints: headache (72.4%), vertigo (48.3%), increased emotional irritability (42.2%), dysmnesia (36.2%), sleep disorders (27.6%), concentration difficulties (25.9%), limb pains (36.2%) and paraesthesia (27.6%). In the groups of subjects chronically exposed to CS2, both with subjective neurological symptoms, and without subjective or objective neurological symptoms, EEG recordings, routinely regarded as normal, did not reveal constant and symmetrical frequency of alpha rhythm waves. EEC recordings in the CS2 exposed workers with subjective neurological symptoms revealed almost constant frequency (12.9%) or slightly fluctuating frequency (41.4%) in 54.3% of subjects. In 45.7% of subjects considerable fluctuation of alpha rhythm frequency at the range of 3-4 Hz was found. Frequency disturbances applied to both sides, however, they were more pronounced in the leftside leads. Statistical analysis showed, neither in Group I nor in Group II, significant relationship between the pattern of alpha rhythm frequency fluctuations, the duration of CS2 exposure and the cumulative exposure index. Substantial and asymmetric fluctuations of alpha rhythm frequency found in the exposed group of subjects with subjective symptoms were considered as subclinical disturbances in the function of the central nervous system.
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PMID:Rhythm patterns of basic brain bioelectric activity in workers chronically exposed to carbon disulfide. 957 68

Previous epidemiological and clinical studies of humans exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) indicate that the majority of patients have neurological complaints (e.g., headache, vertigo, paresthesias, poor memory and concentration, fatigue, depression). Since only a small minority of PCB-exposed patients demonstrate abnormalities on objective neurological measures (e.g., CT-scans, EEC, nerve conduction velocity), it is particularly unfortunate that objective neuropsychological data has not been published to substantiate patient complaints. The present study provides neuropsychological test data on two patients exposed to PCBs. In both cases, PCB exposure is documented by an analysis of PCB levels in the patients' work environments. Despite the absence of abnormalities on CT-scans and EEC, both patients displayed a variety of cognitive deficits and emotional disturbance. Serial assessment of one patient with high blood levels of PCBs revealed a dementia (sharing certain features with Alzheimer's disease) and an organic affective syndrome. Assessment of a second patient exposed to PCBs (but with no detectable blood levels of PCBs) suggested that his cognitive impairments were not due to PCB exposure. The present study provides data which points to the importance and sensitivity of neuropsychological examination in cases of PCB-exposure.
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PMID:Dementia as a neuropsychological consequence of chronic occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). 1458 22