Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042571 (vertigo)
 7,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reversal of multidrug drug resistance (MDR) has been achieved in vitro by a variety of agents including verapamil, quinidine, cyclosporine A, and amiodarone. The toxicity of these agents precludes the achievement of sufficient levels in the serum to circumvent efficiently the MDR in vivo. The authors previously demonstrated that quinine, the widely used antimalarial agent, is able to reverse primary resistance of rat colon cancer cells to anthracyclines. In this report, the efficiency of quinine formiate in reversing the doxorubicin (ADM) (Adriamycin, Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH) resistance of the well-defined MDR human leukemic cell line K562/ADM was demonstrated. In culture medium, quinine is slightly less effective than verapamil in increasing the cytotoxicity and uptake of ADM when both drugs are used at the same concentration. A nontoxic dose of 5 micrograms/ml is necessary to reverse the MDR in K562/ADM cells. In patients receiving quinine formiate in a continuous intravenous infusion, a significant correlation (r = 0.84) was found between the serum levels of quinine and the ability of sera to increase ADM uptake in K562/ADM cells. When quinine is administered at a conventional dose (25 to 30 mg/kg/d), serum levels consistently reach more than 8 micrograms/ml without severe side effects; ear noises and vertigo are the dose-limiting side effects. At these concentrations, quinine induces a more than double increase in ADM uptake in K562/ADM cells. Pharmacokinetic data indicate that quinine should be administered 24 to 36 hours before anti-cancer drugs in clinical trials that test its efficiency as a modifier of MDR in human hematologic malignant neoplasms.
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PMID:Sufficient levels of quinine in the serum circumvent the multidrug resistance of the human leukemic cell line K562/ADM. 191 13

Two cases of postoperative brain metastasis of breast cancer were evaluated after chemotherapy using ACNU. Case 1: A 47-year-old female, who had undergone right standard radical mastectomy in 1979 for breast cancer (T2 N0M0, papillo-tubular carcinoma), was treated with ADM, TAM, and 60Co irradiation for bone metastasis in 1983. In 1984, she complained of loss of consciousness and paralysis of the extremities due to brain metastasis. After chemotherapy using ACNU (100 mg X 3), brain metastasis could not be detected on CT. She remained asymptomatic for more than 9 months without recurrence after therapy. Case 2: A 46-year-old-female, who had undergone left standard radical mastectomy in 1980 for breast cancer (T1 N1 M0, medullar tubular carcinoma), complained of headache and vertigo accompanying a hard tumor in the scalp. Chest X-ray and CT demonstrated right lung metastasis and left cerebellar metastasis. After combination chemotherapy using ACNU (100 mg) + MMC (4 mg) i.v. and FT (600 mg/day) p.o., symptoms and tumor on CT disappeared for 10 months after therapy. However, the patient died of aggravation of angina pectoris and D.M. from which she had been suffering for several years previously. These two cases correspond to complete response (CR) according to the response criteria proposed by Koyama-Saitoh.
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PMID:[Successful chemotherapy in postoperative brain metastasis of breast cancer using ACNU--two case reports]. 345 52