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Query: UMLS:C0042571 (vertigo)
 7,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors present two surgically verified cases of cerebellar astrocytoma extending into the fourth ventricular floor. Each patient presented with positional vertigo, and electronystagmography revealed positional nystagmus indicative of a central lesion. The findings in these cases emphasize the need of looking for positional nystagmus in patients with suspected posterior fossa lesions.
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PMID:Positional vertigo with cerebellar astrocytoma. 99 27

We report on a 9-year-old boy who developed subependymal giant-cell astrocytoma associated with tuberous sclerosis. Apart from a few hypopigmented skin patches, the boy's clinical picture was completely unremarkable until the onset of diplopia and vertigo reflecting increased intracranial pressure. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed subcortical hamartomas in addition to the intraventricular tumour. Seizures and mental retardation were absent. The boy's mother had suffered from seizures during childhood and presented with typical skin lesions. The importance of thorough examination and regular follow-up even in patients with oligosymptomatic variants of tuberous sclerosis is emphasized.
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PMID:[Oligosymptomatic Bourneville-Pringle tuberous sclerosis of the brain with giant cell astrocytoma]. 175 57

we report a patient with Wallenberg's syndrome caused by glioma of the lateral medulla oblongata, and review the literature for Wallenberg's syndrome associated with neoplastic disease. A 46-year-old man was admitted because of progressive dysphagia and vertigo. Neurological examination revealed atypical symptoms and signs of Wallenberg's syndrome on the right side, hypalgesia on the second and third divisions of the left trigeminal nerve, paresis of the right palate and uvula, and ataxia of the right extremities. Although CT showed no abnormality in the posterior fossa, MRI demonstrated a mass with abnormal signal intensities in the right dorsolateral portion of the medulla. Biopsy specimens showed astrocytoma (grade III). Based on the present case and a review of 10 previously reported cases of Wallenberg's syndrome caused by neoplastic disease, the clinical features of this syndrome are characterized by gradual development and steady progression of symptoms, non-classical or atypical symptomatology, numerous additional symptoms and signs depending on the site and size of tumors, and poor prognosis.
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PMID:[Wallenberg's syndrome caused by a brain tumor--a case report and literature review]. 216 89

We report the case of a 71-year-old man who suffered from both a cerebellar hemangioblastoma and a subependymoma (glomerate subependymal astrocytoma) of the base of the fourth ventricle. His symptoms included episodes of loss of consciousness, cerebellar ataxia, and postural vertigo. The clinical diagnosis presented considerable difficulties. The simultaneous occurrence of both tumors in one patient has not been reported previously. After reviewing the literature, we conclude that this unusual association was a result of chance rather than common oncogenic factors.
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PMID:Cerebellar hemangioblastoma and subependymoma: a case report of an unprecedented association. 399 11

A case of astrocytoma whose first clinical presentation was diagnostic dyspraxia was reported. A 38-year-old right-handed male experienced funny motion of his left hand triggered by voluntary movement of his right hand. One day, he tried to insert a coin into the vending machine with his right hand, then the left hand was against the other. One month after that event, he experienced headache and vertigo. On admission, there were no abnormal findings on neurological examination. On neuropsychological examination, he was cooperative, well orientated and attentive, and there were no callosal disconnection symptoms. Frontal lobe function tests were slightly impaired. T1-weighted MRI demonstrated irregular mixed signal intensity mass lesion extending from the genu to the body of the corpus callosum and the cingulate gyrus. This lesion was slightly enhanced with Gd-DTPA. Biopsy was performed and histological diagnosis was fibrillary astrocytoma. After irradiation and chemotherapy, he was discharged from the hospital without evident neurological deficit. About 20 cases of diagnostic dyspraxia have been reported and almost all of them were caused by cerebro-vascular disease. This is the first case of brain tumor who presented diagnostic dyspraxia.
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PMID:[A case of astrocytoma of corpus callosum presented diagnostic dyspraxia]. 754 21

The authors report a 5-year-old boy with episodes of epileptic rotational clockwise vertigo without nystagmus. Video-EEG monitoring showed a left frontocentral onset of epileptic discharges accompanied by complaints of vertigo. MRI showed a small low-grade astrocytoma in the left frontal middle gyrus. After lesionectomy, vertiginous seizures ceased. The patient's vertigo seems to be induced by epileptic discharges in a vestibular representation area within the frontal cortex.
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PMID:Epileptic vertigo: evidence for vestibular representation in human frontal cortex. 1113 94

A 21-year-old female presented with a 2-months history of tinnitus, vertigo and nausea. On magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, she demonstrated a small contrast-enhancing mass in the posterior part of the third ventricle. Intraoperatively, the tumor showed a close relationship to the choroid plexus of the third ventricle. Histopathology revealed a benign schwannoma of World Health Organization grade I. To our knowledge, only 9 cases of intraventricular Schwann cell tumors have been published so far. Most of these tumors were benign schwannomas, except for 2 cases of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The tumor of our patient is the first reported schwannoma of the third ventricle. The origin of intraventricular Schwann cell tumors is unknown. They may arise from autonomic perivascular nerves in the choroid plexus or from ectopic neural crest-derived cells. Histologically, intraventricular schwannoma needs to be distinguished from other spindle cell tumors, in particular pilocytic astrocytoma and fibroblastic meningioma.
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PMID:A 21-year-old female with a third ventricular tumor. 1661 87

A 21-year-old man presented with a hemorrhagic pilocytic astrocytoma of the tectal plate manifesting as sudden onset of severe headache, vertigo, nausea, and vomiting. Computed tomography demonstrated acute hydrocephalus and hemorrhage within the brain stem and fourth ventricle. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a dorsally exophytic tectal tumor as hypointense on the T(1)-weighted image and hyperintense on the T(2)-weighted image with contrast enhancement. Radical resection of the tumor was selected because of the unusual aggressive clinical course with hemorrhage and suspicion of malignant components. The tumor was totally resected via an occipital transtentorial approach using a neuronavigation system without surgical complications. The histological diagnosis was pilocytic astrocytoma. The patient was discharged home without neurological deficits on the 9th postoperative day. Twenty-three months after the surgery, follow-up MR imaging demonstrated no recurrence. Tectal plate pilocytic astrocytoma is rarely associated with hemorrhage but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage with acute presentation. Such exceptional tectal tumors should be resected radically and undergo histological examination to decide on further appropriate treatment.
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PMID:Total resection of a hemorrhagic tectal pilocytic astrocytoma--case report. 1752 49

We report on clinicopathological findings in two cases of rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor of the fourth ventricle (RGNT) occurring in females aged 16 years (Case 1) and 30 years (Case 2). Symptoms included vertigo, nausea, cerebellar ataxia, as well as headaches, and had been present for 4-months and 1 week, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated a cerebellar-based tumor of 1.8 cm (Case 1) and 5 cm (Case 2) diameter each, bulging into the fourth ventricle. Case 2 involved a cyst-mural-nodule configuration. In both instances, the solid component appeared isointense on T(1) sequences, hyperintense in the T(2) mode, and enhanced moderately. Gross total resection was achieved via suboccipital craniotomy. However, functional recovery was disappointing in Case 1. On microscopy, both tumors comprised an admixture of low-grade astrocytoma interspersed with circular aggregates of synaptophysin-expressing round cells harboring oligodendrocyte-like nuclei. The astrocytic moiety in Case 1 was nondescript, and overtly pilocytic in Case 2. The architecture of neuronal elements variously consisted of neurocytic rosettes, of pseudorosettes centered on a capillary core, as well as of concentric ribbons along irregular lumina. Gangliocytic maturation, especially "floating neurons", or a corresponding immunoreactivity for neurofilament protein was absent. Neither of these populations exhibited atypia, mitotic activity, or a significant labeling for MIB-1. Cerebellar parenchyma included in the surgical specimen did not reveal any preexisting malformative anomaly. Despite sharing some overlapping histologic traits with dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT), the presentation of RGNT with respect to both patient age and location is consistent enough for this lesion to be singled out as an autonomous entity.
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PMID:Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor of the fourth ventricle: report of two cases with a differential diagnostic overview. 1765 10

Tumors of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) are common and represent up to 10% of all intracranial tumors. Rarely, intrinsic brainstem tumors can involve the CPA and present with auditory symptoms typical of CPA tumors such as hearing loss, vertigo and tinnitus. We report on a rare case of an intrinsic brainstem neoplasm presenting with steroid responsive fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss in a child. The patient initially presented with an acute worsening of an unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, without additional symptoms, that responded to oral steroids. Otoacoustic emission testing demonstrated normal outer hair cell function suggesting retrocochlear pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast enhancement revealed an intrinsic neoplasm of the middle cerebellar peduncle impinging on the 7th/8th neurovascular bundle within the CPA. The patient underwent gross total resection of the juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma via retrosigmoid craniotomy and remains disease free at 2 years postoperatively. This case highlights that suspicion of central nervous system pathology should be heightened in the presence of steroid responsive, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss with normal outer hair cell function.
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PMID:Steroid responsive fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss due to juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma involving the cerebellopontine angle. 1825 62


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