Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The specific antigens to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) and their relations with renal diseases begin to be well-known. In patients with systemic vasculitis, two major antigens have been recognized: proteinase 3 and myoloperoxydase. These enzymes are located in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils and migrate to the surface of these cells when they are activated. Other antigens, such as elastase, lactoferrin, CAP57 and cathepsin G, have been identified, but they are less commonly encountered. The presence of ANCA is particularly frequent in Wegener's granulomatosis, microscopic periarteritis, crescentic necrotizing glomerulonephrites without immunoglobulin deposits; it is less frequent in periarteritis nodosa and in Churg-Strauss' syndrome. ANCA can now be considered as markers of vasculitis; they are related to disease activity and can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments.
 ...
PMID:[Anti-cytoplasmic antibodies of polynucle or "ANCA". A new class of autoantibodies]. 141 Nov 80

The antigenic specificity and clinical distribution of the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in kidney diseases have recently been extensively studied. In patients with systemic vasculitis, the great predominance of two major ANCA antigens, proteinase 3 (PR3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), is now established. PR3 and MPO are colocalized in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils and translocated to the cell surface during activation, and thus are able to interact with autoantibodies after neutrophil preactivation. Furthermore, by comparison of amino acid and DNA sequences, it has been shown that PR3 is identical to myeloblastin, which has been described independently and is involved in the control of growth and differentiation of leukemic cells. Aside from the two major ANCA antigens, a number of neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens recognized by ANCA have been identified, including human leukocyte elastase, lactoferrin, CAP57, and cathepsin G. These rare ANCA specificities occur in a limited number of patients. The variety of ANCA antigen specificities contrasts, however, with the fact that the vast majority of ANCA-positive sera are monospecific for one single ANCA antigen. With regard to clinical distribution, ANCA have major diagnostic significance in the four conditions in which they are frequently detected: Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), Churg and Strauss Syndrome (CSS), microscopic periarteritis (MPA), and necrotic and crescentic glomerulonephritis (NCGN). However, the initial dichotomy between MPO-associated vasculitis (NCGN, MPA) and that associated with anti-PR3 antibodies (WG) appears far from absolute.
 ...
PMID:Antigen specificities and clinical distribution of ANCA in kidney diseases. 172 65