Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recent progress in our understanding of the pathogenetic processes involved in ischemic acute renal failure is considerable. Blockade of the production of endothelium-derived relaxing factor may markedly improve survival in patients with septic shock. Atrial natriuretic peptide and growth factors enhance renal recovery in animal models of acute renal failure, even when administered well after the ischemic insult. Aminoglycosides and radiocontrast agents are the most common causes of drug-induced acute renal failure. Once-daily administration of aminoglycosides is an effective treatment modality that may limit the occurrence of nephrotoxicity. Awareness of the patient's volume status has decreased the incidence of radiocontrast-induced acute renal failure. The new, expensive, nonionic, low-osmolar radiocontrast agents do not offer apparent benefits in patients with normal or slightly decreased renal function. However, use of such agents may decrease the incidence of radiocontrast-induced renal failure in diabetic patients with severe renal failure. The prognosis for patients with renal vasculitis has improved greatly in the past decade. The discovery of antibodies directed against antigenic targets in the cytoplasm of neutrophils has facilitated the diagnosis of renal vasculitides, has improved our knowledge of the pathogenesis of these diseases, and may guide rational treatment.
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PMID:Prevention and attenuation of acute renal failure. 136 25

Topics of this review are the bronchopulmonary manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease, cirrhosis of the liver and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. About 20% of patients with chronic obstructive airway disease show evidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Reflux bronchoconstriction seems to be of greater importance than microaspiration. First studies show the positive effects of acid inhibition by proton pump inhibitors on pulmonary symptoms. Hepatorenal syndrome is characterized by arterial hypoxemia with PaO2-values < 70 mm Hg. Different mediators (endotoxins, amines, polypeptides or allergens) are discussed. Furthermore, elevated levels of prostacycline, atrial natriuretic factor and platelet activating factor have been described. Recently published studies focused on the role of nitric oxide (NO). Patients with cirrhosis of the liver show a higher rate of a pathologically elevated airway resistance which might be induced by a reduced histamine clearance. Ascites leads to reversible restrictive airway disease. Bronchopulmonary manifestations in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases include obstructive and restrictive airway diseases, vascular or serosal changes and show low clinical evidence. In contrast, pathological changes of the common function tests were found in 30 to 50%. These findings may be induced by circulating immune complexes, vasculitis, increased permeability or a combined immune reaction of both, the bronchial and intestinal mucosa. Undesired effects of salicylates should be taken into account. This review shows that bronchopulmonary manifestations in diseases of the Gl-tract or the liver are more common than usually known and should be taken into clinical consideration.
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PMID:[Bronchopulmonary manifestations of gastroenterologic and hepatic diseases]. 948 15