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Query: UMLS:C0042384 (vasculitis)
 20,525 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 4 cases of allergic vasculitis circulating immune complexes (IC) were demonstrated. Spontaneous and histamine induced vascular changes were studied by immunofluorescence microscopy. The early events in IC vasculitis were investigated at the ultrastructural level by immunoelectronmicroscopy using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase multistep technique. Our findings support the concept that human IC vasculitis is triggered by the deposition of circulating IC in the walls of postcapillary venules between endothelial cells, pericytes and the layers of the basal lamina. Tissue destruction is only secondary due to local complement activation and the release of lysosomal enzymes from chemotactically attracted leukocytes.
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PMID:Immunoelectronmicroscopic examination of early lesions in histamine induced immune complex vasculitis in man. 15 Feb 83

A leukocytoclastic vasculitis was induced by intracutaneous injection of streptococcal antigen in a patient with erythema elevatum diutinum (E.e.d.). The immunoelectronmicroscopical demonstration of C3 was performed by use of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase multistep technique 24 h after the injection of the antigen. Deposits of C3 were found between endothelial cells, on the outer surface of endothelial cells, pericytes, and smooth muscle cells, as well as within the multilayered basal lamina of small vessels. Intact and disintegrating neutrophils accumulate within the vessel walls and in their surroundings. Necrosis and fibrin deposition are present in advanced stages. The findings demonstrate the sequence of events in leukocytoclastic vasculitis at the ultrastructural level. They also support the hypothesis that in E.e.d. an Arthus type reaction induced by bacterial antigens may be of pathogenetic significance.
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PMID:[Erythema elevatum diutinum. II. Immunoelectronmicroscopical study of leukocytoclastic vasculitis within the intracutaneous test reaction induced by streptococcal antigen (author's transl)]. 34 75

The principle of immunoelectronmicroscopic studies using horseradish perpoxidase is described. This method, especially the peroxidase-antiperoxidase multistep technique, reveals more details about the exact localization of immunophenomena in different dermatological diseases. The results of immunological investigations performed on the ultra-structural level in bullous diseases, lupus erythermatosus, vasculitis, and psoriasis are summarized and compared with the immunofluorescent and classical electromicroscopic findings.
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PMID:[Immunoelectron microscopy in dermatology]. 34 50

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) were covalently linked to polyacrylamide or agarose beads and were injected into control Syrian hamsters and hamsters previously immunized with either HRP or BSA. Animals sensitized to soluble antigen and subsequently challenged intravenously with the same antigen immobilized on beads developed an acute focal inflammatory response within 2 to 6 hours after injection. The acute response involved local deposition of IgG and complement (beta1A/beta1C globulin), polymorphonuclear leukocyte exudation, and variable amounts of hemorrhage. A focal vasculitis was occasionally present. Within 72 hours the reaction had become largely mononuclear or granulomatous in nature, and giant cell formation was seen within 4 days after immobilized antigen injection. Severe reactions developed only upon recognition of specific antigenic determinants; thus hamsters immunized against soluble HRP developed characteristic lesions only upon intravenous challenge with HRP-coated beads but not with beads coated with unrelated antigen (BSA). The beads elicited only a mild foreign body reaction in the control hamsters at 5 to 7 days after injection which was temporally and histopathologically distinct from the lesions in immunized hamsters. Thus, the state of existing immunity can influence the character and severity of the local pulmonary inflammatory response.
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PMID:The pulmonary inflammatory response. Cellular events in experimental pulmonary arterial hypersensitivity disease. 109 87

Granulomatous meningitis was present in 6/33 bovine fetuses from which Brucella abortus (B. abortus) had been isolated. Meningitis was severe in three fetuses, moderate in one fetus, and mild in the remaining two fetuses. The meningitis was characterized by the infiltration of a mixed population of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages in the leptomeninges. Vasculitis characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the vascular wall was observed in the vessels of the cerebral cortices of 4/6 fetuses. Gram negative coccobacilli were present in the cytoplasm of the leptomeningeal macrophages and extracellularly. Brucellar antigens labeled by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method were present in massive amounts in leptomeningeal macrophages and in small foci of stained cells in the choroid plexus and ependyma. The findings indicate that B. abortus is one of pathogens capable of inducing meningitis in bovine fetuses.
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PMID:Brucella abortus-associated meningitis in aborted bovine fetuses. 177 39

Eosinophils (EOs) participate in a variety of inflammatory states characterized by endothelial cell damage, such as vasculitis, pneumonitis, and endocarditis. We find that 100 U/ml TNF-alpha/cachectin (TNF), a concentration attainable in the blood of humans with parasitic infestations, stimulates highly purified populations of EOs to damage human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), a model of human endothelium. This TNF-dependent EO cytotoxicity is strongly inhibited by heparin and methyprednisolone but unaffected by the platelet-activating factor antagonist BN52012 or scavengers of superoxide anion and H2O2, superoxide dismutase and catalase. However, addition of a physiologically relevant concentration of Br- (100 microM) enhances EO/TNF damage to HUVEC, implicating the possible participation of EO peroxidase (EPO) in the killing mechanism. EOs adherent to FCS-coated plastic wells more than double their production of superoxide anion and the cytotoxic EPO-derived oxidant HOBr when exposed to TNF, showing that TNF activates the respiratory burst of EOs attached to a "physiologic" surface. Unlike PMNs, EOs were not irreversibly activated to kill unopsonized endothelium by previous exposure to TNF, and did not degranulate or upregulate CR3 expression as detected by Mo1 in the presence of 100 U/ml TNF. HUVEC exposed 18 h to TNF were considerably more susceptible to lysis by PMA-activated EOs and reagent H2O2, demonstrating a direct effect of TNF upon endothelium, perhaps through inhibition of antioxidant defenses. These findings suggest that abnormally elevated serum levels of TNF may provoke EOs to damage endothelial cells and thereby play a role in the pathogenesis of tissue damage in hypereosinophilic states.
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PMID:Tumor necrosis factor alpha/cachectin stimulates eosinophil oxidant production and toxicity towards human endothelium. 197 79

Pseudomonas pneumonia is one of the fatal opportunistic infections. We examined Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the autopsied lung tissues by the immunostaining (Biotin-Streptoavidin peroxidase complex method). Out of 185 autopsied cases, fifty-three cases had bacterial pneumonia. We performed the immunostaining to these 53 cases, of which 14 cases (26.4%) were diagnosed as pseudomonas pneumonia. All of the 14 cases had severe underlying diseases which were hematologic malignancies in six, solid malignancies in five and so on. Of ten of them pseudomonas pneumonia was considered to be the direct cause of death. P. aeruginosa was observed in alveolar space in all cases, and in bronchial and bronchiolar lumen in many cases. P. aeruginosa was also detected in alveolar and vascular walls. Histopathologically necrotizing vasculitis and alveolar destruction were characteristic, and intra-alveolar hemorrhage, fibrinous exudate, abscess formation, coagulation necrosis and thrombosis were observed in most cases. Necrotizing vasculitis and intra-alveolar hemorrhage were more severe in the cases of leukopenic patients.
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PMID:[A histopathological study on pseudomonas pneumonia diagnosed by immunostaining with monoclonal antibody]. 250 18

Brain biopsy specimens from a 38-year-old woman with adversive seizures and bifrontal mass lesions evident on computed tomographic scans showed extracellular and intracellular deposits of crystallized proteins. These were morphologically identical to the immunoglobulin crystals seen in reactive or neoplastic plasma cells and by peroxidase-antiperoxidase methods were found to contain polyclonal immunoglobulins. In addition, severe angiitis of the intracerebral blood vessels was present.
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PMID:Crystalline encephalopathy: cerebral immunoprotein deposits and isolated angiitis. 398 92

Blood glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px) was determined in 61 healthy subjects and 506 patients with various skin disorders. Depressed levels were observed in patients with psoriasis, eczema, atopic dermatitis, vasculitis, mycosis fungoides and dermatitis herpetiformis. Low values of GSH-Px were also found in some patients with pemphigoid, acne conglobata, polymyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma and systemic lupus erythematodes. Vegetarian diet, malnutrition and alcohol abuse could possibly account for the low values in some patients. Fifty patients with low GSH-Px levels were treated with tablets containing 0.2 mg selenium as Na2SeO3 and 10 mg tocopheryl succinate. The GSH-Px levels increased slowly within 6-8 weeks of treatment. The clinical effect was encouraging and calls for controlled studies.
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PMID:Blood glutathione-peroxidase levels in skin diseases: effect of selenium and vitamin E treatment. 617 60

Scleroma was diagnosed in nine of 30 Spanish-surnamed patients who had inflammatory lesions of the nose, pharynx, and larynx during the two-year period from Jan 1, 1978, through Dec 31, 1979. A total of 19 biopsy specimens were taken from these nine patients. In six of the 19 specimens, a histologic diagnosis of scleroma was not possible. Seventeen of the specimens with characteristic histologic findings stained with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method for detection of Klebsiella capsular antigen III, although in 11 of these specimens, simultaneous cultures failed to reveal the characteristic Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. These specimens showed the features of one of the three histopathologic forms of scleroma: ozena, granuloma, or scleroma. A range of tissue reactions was identified: histiocyte and plasma cell nodules, vasculitis, acute inflammation, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, ulceration, and submucosal keratin cyst. Comparison with histochemical bacterial stains revealed that the PAS and Hotchkiss-McManus stains gave unequivocal positive results less frequently than the immunoperoxidase method, and were less specific. Methenamine silver, Giemsa, Deiterle, Brown and Brenn, and Brown and Hopps were unreliable for the detection of the organism. The immunoperoxidase method can be appropriately used when the spectrum of histopathologic findings suggests a differential diagnosis of scleroma.
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PMID:Scleroma (Rhinoscleroma). A histologic immunohistochemical study with bacteriologic correlates. 619 Apr 63


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